Prion diseases animals

Priones are an absolutely new class of infectious agents, which basically differs from protozoa, bacterium’s, fungus and viral agents. They can evoke genetic, infectious and sporadic diseases with obligatory disturbance of the brain. The conversion of prione protein because of nature structure disturbance is the fundamental reason for a display of pathogenicity this protein

Identification of meat and other products of slaughter animals at veterinary-sanitary examination

In the practice of veterinary activity quite often necessary to carry out the identification of the types of meat and meat semi-finished or falsification of raw meat. The main methods of identification of raw meat are the organoleptic, immunological, histological studies and polymerase chain reaction

ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION OF RISKS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LABORATORY MICROBIOLOGICAL CULTURE MEDIA BY FMEA METHOD

At all stages of the production of microbiological nutrient media (MNM), the manufacturer, and in particular, the microbiological laboratories that manufacture the media on site, face many operational risks. The presence of such risks, in almost every critical point of production and further operation of the MNM, is due to the presence of common basic requirements for all MNM, which must be taken into account and respected during their development and preparation; as well as the complexity and laboriousness of the very process of manufacturing high-quality differential-diagnostic and other nutrient media, requiring the availability of all the components necessary for preparing these media, equipment, sterile conditions and qualified personnel. In this regard, there is a need to search for effective methods to identify and prevent undesirable situations associated with the production and use of MNM. The aim of this work was to adapt the risk assessment methodology based on the expert method for analyzing the types and consequences of FMEA failures (Failure Mode Effect Analysis) set out in GOST R ISO 31010-2011 for the needs of microbiological laboratories, including those for veterinary and sanitary expertise, producing microbiological nutrient environments and using them. As part of this work, a comparative analysis of risk assessment methods was carried out in order to select the optimal one; adaptation of the QMS principle - risk-oriented thinking and the FMEA method for risk assessment in the implementation of MNM manufacturing processes in a microbiological laboratory (for example, solid agar media); risk assessment protocol forms were developed; calculations of a quantitative assessment of risk levels were carried out in order to determine the need for preventive actions and their implementation in order to minimize the negative consequences of risk in case of its implementation using the developed protocols. The results showed that this technique can be successfully implemented and used in the claimed area

Correlation between mitochondrial dysfunction of spermatozoa and their biological adequacy

One of the most significant indicators affecting male fertility is the sperm nuclear and mitochondrial DNA fragmentation index (DFI). DNA damage depends on biotic and abiotic factors, leading to oxidative stress (O.S.). This research aimed to investigate the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction of spermatozoa and their biological adequacy. The research material was frozen-thawed sperm samples from the Ayrshire, Russian Black Pied Holstein, Russian Red Pied Holstein, Limousin, and Polled Russian breeding bulls. Assessments of mobility, morphology, and fragmentation index were performed using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). It was found that there is a negative correlation between sperm activity and mitochondrial dysfunction with the correlation coefficient r = -0.24. The incidence of abnormal spermatozoa correlated with sperm dysfunction r = 0.77. The nDNA fragmentation index in chromatin varied from 0 to 25%. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2021

Microbiological nutrient media the new format in the veterinary-sanitary assessment food and raw materials of animal origin

The main task of veterinary-sanitary examination is to prevent infectious and parasitic diseases that spread among humans and animals through food, feed and industrial products of animal and vegetable origin. This is very important conduct microbiological raw material quality control, food production and disinfection measures carried out, aimed at the reorganization of the production environment. In this connection, development of methods acquires relevance rapid microbiological analysis to identify organisms of sanitary illustrative and other pathogens in a variety of materials. The aim of this work is the comparative study of the effectiveness of the practical use of classical bacteriological culture media and nutrient media of a new format in the veterinary and sanitary evaluation of food and animal feed. As part of this work the traditional media (agar Baird-Parker) and culture media of the new format - 3M™ Petrifilm™ Staph Express Count Plate (STX) were subjected to comparative study in terms of sensitivity and the time required to identify cells S. aureus . The procedures described in ISO 31746-2012 and MUK 42.2884-11 were taken as research algorithms. For the purity of the experiment using artificially contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus cells of the raw milk of cows. 3M™ Petrifilm™ Staph Express Count Plate (STX) may be used in the food industry and regulatory authorities in monitoring to obtain objective information on the contamination of raw materials and food products dangerous pathogens in a very short period of time. This in turn is necessary for the removal of low-quality products from the retail network and avoid poor-quality raw materials to produce products without heat obrabotku. Takzhe it should be noted that due to the simplicity of seeding procedure there is no need for qualified personnel at the stage of sowing and the initial evaluation results. Also achieved significant savings in time, consumables and media at the stage of the primary planting material using the 3M™ Petrifilm™

Quantitative and qualitative anemia indicators using fresh frozen plasma in the treatment of canine liver injuries

Violations caused by various metabolic changes in the erythrocyte membrane lead to the formation of their pathological forms. As a result, anemia comes to the fore, due to the effect of toxic substances on the blood. Toxins are fixed on the erythrocyte membrane, which leads to its deformation, a decrease in the functional activity of red blood cells and an aggravation of the pathological process in the body, which erases the specificity of the clinical signs and makes the diagnosis and treatment of the disease difficult. Materials and methods. For the study, dogs aged 3-10 years with liver damage were selected, which were then divided into 3 groups. The first group and the second group underwent treatment, which included isotonic sodium chloride solution, Ringer-Lock solution, reopoliglyukin, 40% glucose solution, heptral, amoxoyl retard, vitamins B1, B6, B12, ascorbic acid, catazal, and lactulose stad. In addition to similar treatment, the third group used fresh frozen plasma. Venous blood was taken at the initial visit, then on the 3rd, 7th and 10th day of the study, a complete blood count was performed. The results of the study. When conducting a complete blood count in dogs with liver damage on the day of the first visit, the presence of moderate anemia was established. There was a decrease in the number of red blood cells, the level of hemoglobin and hematocrit. In the 3rd group, the best therapeutic effect was observed already on the 7th day of treatment. As a result of studies in sick dogs, macrocytic anemia was detected. In addition, an assessment of the morphology of red blood cells showed the presence of altered forms of red blood cells. So, echinocytes were detected, the number of which in dogs on the day of admission was almost 2 times higher than the norm, a large number of stomatocytes, which was 3.8 times higher than the reference values. In addition, in all sick animals, acanthocytes and codocytes were observed in the blood. Conclusion. As a result of the studies, normochromic macrocytic anemia was found, as well as moderate anisocytosis of red blood cells with the appearance in the blood of pathologically altered forms of red blood cells that occur in liver pathologies. When evaluating various treatment regimens, the greatest effectiveness is observed in the 3rd group, where by the 10th day all indicators of erythrocyte morphology are normalized, in contrast to the 1st and 2nd groups, where pathological forms of red blood cells are found in large quantities in blood smears. These changes, apparently, occur as a result of the rapid removal of intoxication due to water and the plasma content of additional components necessary for the body with liver damage. © 2020, Institute of Advanced Scientific Research, Inc.. All rights reserved