国民栄養調査に基づくビタミンK, B_6, B_<12>の摂取状況に関する研究

In this study, vitamin (K, B_6, B_) intakes per capita per day were calculated on the basis of the results of the National Nutrition Survey, using the Weighted Average Tables of vitamins in foods. The daily intake of vitamin K was 376μg. The major sources of vitamin K from foods were green, yellow vegetables, other vegetables, and pulses. The daily intake of vitamin B_6 was 1.62mg. It\u27s major sources were fishes and shellfishes, meats, and cereals. The daily intake of vitamin B_ was 10.9μg. The major sources of vitamin B_ were fishes and shellfishes, meats, and seaweeds. Therefore, these vitamin (K, B_6, B_) intakes were seemed to be sufficient for their adequate dietary intakes

日本人の糖尿病と微量元素に関する栄養学的研究

糖尿病外来患者87名を村象として,罹病期間・合併症発症の危険因子となる肥満・禁煙・飲酒,主な3大合併症である腎症・神経症・網膜症の分類による臨床検査所見の変動を比較した。(1)罹病期間が長くなるに従って,血糖コントロールは悪化し,マグネシウムも同様に減少がみられた。(2)肥満になるにつれ,血糖コントロールは不良となり,HDLコレステロールやマグネシウムも減少傾向を示した。(3)喫煙者に血糖コントロール不良が多くみられ,マグネシウムは非喫煙者よりも低値であった。(4)FBSでは毎日飲酒する群が最も高く1.5AGも同様に悪い結果を示し,HbA_は飲酒による変動はみられなかった。(5)腎症,単純網膜症,増殖性網膜症,神経症を併発した群はFBS,HbA_は,もたない群に対して高値であるため,コントロールが良好でないことが示された。さらに,血中マグネシウムは低値を示した。(6)骨減少症とうつ病を合併している群においても血中マグネシウム量の減少が見られた。(7)マグネシウム摂取量を計算した。最初に穀類中のマグネシウム摂取量の年次推移を計算した。これは穀類中に含まれるマグネシウムの量が圧倒的に多く,これの計算のみでマグネシウム摂取量の年次推移の傾向を知ることができるからである。その結果年を経るとともに,徐々に急速に減少している。最近では日本人の栄養推奨量300mgに不足してきたことが分かる。これらは主に,日本人が穀物を徐々に摂取しなくなったためである。糖尿病の有病者数と死亡者数も年々増加してきている。糖尿病とMgとの関係は大きく,そのため食事によるマグネシウムの摂取は極めて重要なことである。このことからマグネシウムの摂取について国民はもっと注意を払うべきだと考えられた。Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism characterized by hyperglycemia and glycosuria, and associated with a disturbance of the normal insulin mechanism. Moreover, diabetes mellitus occurs more often in patients with cardiovascular disease, arteriosclerosis, diabetic nephrosis, diabetic retinopathy, necrosis of lower limbs and at least the patients died from these complications. In Japan, a prevalence rate of diabetes was very low in 1920\u27s. But recently, its patients are increasing with satiation and unbalance of food intakes. The purpose of this research is to clarify the relationship between increasing diabetes mellitus and their food habits. For this reason, we examined the physical and nutritional status of about 100 diabetic patients and analyzed the relationship between their clinical findings and food habits. Eighty-seven of diabetic outpatients were examined clinically in relation to duration of disease and complications. The control of blood sugar in diabetic patients with complications were dull, and their blood magnesium levels were also deteriorated. The levels of HbA_, and 1.5AG in patients with diabetic nephropathy were high, and the blood magnesium level was low. In Japan, the consumption of rice as a staple food has declined sharply, from 358g/day in 1960 to only 216g/day in 1985, resulting in a low intake of magnesium. On the contrary, the intakes of animal foods such as milk and dairy products, egg and meat, are markedly increased. Changes of magnesium contents from cereals are decreased about half of 40 years ago. Changes in morbidity and mortality rates from diabetes mellitus were compared with changes of magnesium intake. The mortality rates increased about 10 times in past 40 years, and magnesium intake also decreased about half in past 40 years. This result suggests that increased magnesium intakes play an important role in prevention of diabetes mellitus

アジア諸国における栄養素等摂取状況と体位との関連に関する研究

アジア地域15カ国を対象として,FAO,WHOの資料を用いて,主にエネルギーと体位について比較検討した結果,次のことが明かになった。1)アジア諸国の中で,特に南アジアは,低エネルギーで,脂質エネルギー比率,たん白質エネルギー比率,動物性たん白質比率が低く,糖質エネルギー比率が高い。2)中央・北アジアはアジア諸国の中では,高エネルギーで,動物性たん白質の摂取量も多い。東南アジアは両者の中間的位置にある。3)総エネルギー,動物性食品エネルギーと低出生体重児,及び4才児の低体重児・低身長児は高い負の相関がある。特に南アジアの低体位の出現率は高い。The nutritional status in fifteen Asian countries are investigated using the data published by FAO and WHO. The high correlation coefficient is obtained between the total energy, total animal products energy and physique. The nutrition and physique of south Asian countries are inferior to those of the other Asian countries. It is concluded that many Asian countries still have undernutrition problems

日本人の無機質(リン,カリウム,マグネシウム,亜鉛,銅)の摂取量とその年次推移

国民栄養調査では,鉄,カルシウム,ナトリウムについては,摂取量が発表されているが,微量元素については,発表されていないため,今回,国民栄養調査の結果をもとに,「日本食品無機質成分表」,食品類別荷重平均表を用いて,微量元素のうち, P, K, Mg, Zn, Cuの国民1人1日あたりの摂取量を算出した。算出した結果,1989年では, P: 1205mg, K: 2872mg, Mg: 374mg, Zn: 10.1mg, Cu: 1.41mgとなり,全ての元素において,目標摂取量を上回っていた。Mineral intakes (P, K, Mg, Zn, Cu) per capita per day were calculated on the basis of the results of the National nutrition survey, using the Weighted average table of minerals in foods from 1960 to 1989. The mean daily phosphorus intake was approximately 1205mg/day. Major contributors of phosphorus were cereals, fishes and shellfishes, and milk and daily products. The mean potassium intake was 2872mg/day. The richest source was vegetables followed by fishes and shellfishes. Magnesium intake was 374mg/day, and zinc was 10.0mg/day. Main sources of them were plant products, especially cereals. The daily intake of copper was 1.41mg/day. The usual foods sources were cereals, fishes and shellfishes, and pulses. These mineral intakes were sufficient for their adequate dietary intakes

日本人の血中脂肪酸組成に及ぼす肥満および加齢の影響

1.健常日本人男性226名の内,肥満者159名,非肥満者67名を村象に,血漿および赤血球膜の脂肪酸組成平均値を測定し,加齢および肥満の影響について比較検討を行った。2.n-3系多価不飽和脂肪酸であるEPA, DHAは加齢に伴い増加傾向にあり,n-6系多価不飽和脂肪酸であるリノール酸には減少傾向が認められた。3.肥満者,非肥満者ともに,加齢に伴いn-3/n-6比が高くなる傾向が認められたが,いずれの年代においても肥満者のn-3/n-6比は非肥満者に比べ低値であることが認められた。4.以上の結果から,現在の日本人の食物油脂摂取状況はほぼ適当と考えられるが,今後の肥満者の増加や若年者の魚離れによりn-3/n-6比が低下することを憂慮し,心臓疾患等の予防のためにも早急なn-3/n-6適性比率を検討することが望まれる。The effect of obese and aging on the human plasma and red blood cells (RBC) membrane fatty acid compositions were examined. Blood samples were obtained from 159 obesity Japanese males and 67 normal weight Japanese males, from each decade of life from 20 to 50 years of age. At the aging effect, positive correlations between the levels of EPA, DHA and n-3/n-6 ratio and aging were obtained in both plasma and RBC membrane for each groups. On the other hand, negative correlations between Linoleic acid and aging was obtained for all of them. The n-3/n-6 ratio were higher for normal weight males than for obesity males in both of plasma and RBC