北海道に生息するアライグマにおけるコロナウイルス感染

Coronavirus infections in raccoons in Hokkaido, Japan, were identified by serological analysis of 379 serum samples. In the virus neutralization tests, the antibody for transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), a group I coronavirus, was detected in 11 (3%) serum samples, which were further tested for canine coronavirus (CCoV), and 5 sera showed positive results. The antibody for bovine coronavirus (BCoV), a group II coronavirus, was not detected in any of the serum samples. These results indicate an infection of group I coronaviruses in the feral raccoons in Hokkaido, Japan

Complete Nucleotide Sequences of Virulence-Resistance Plasmids Carried by Emerging Multidrug-Resistant <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Serovar Typhimurium Isolated from Cattle in Hokkaido, Japan

<div><p>In the present study, we have shown that virulence-resistance plasmids from emerging multidrug-resistant isolates of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Typhimurium were derived from a virulence-associated plasmid, essential for systematic invasiveness of <i>S</i>. Typhimurium in mice (pSLT), through acquisition of a large insert containing a resistance island flanked by IS<i>1294</i> elements. A <i>bla</i>_CMY-2-carrying plasmid from a cefotaxime-resistant isolate comprised a segment of <i>Escherichia coli</i> plasmid pAR060302 and the replication region (IncFIB) of a virulence-resistance plasmid. These results provide insights into the evolution of drug resistance in emerging clones of <i>S</i>. Typhimurium.</p> </div

Molecular Characterization of a Prophage of Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium DT104

Isolates of the Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium definitive phage type (DT104) were found to contain the same prophage (designated phage ST104). The complete sequence of the DNA genome of prophage ST104 was determined. The entire DNA sequence consisted of 41,391 bp, including 64 open reading frames, and exhibited high similarity to P22 and to phage type conversion phage ST64T

Schematic representation of the inserted segment in pYT1 (GenBank accession number, AB576781) and pYT2 (AB605179) compared with the respective related regions of pSal6919a (JF274991), pSal8934b (JF274992), pSD88 (JF267652), and pU302-L (NC 006816).

<p>Genes encoding antibiotic resistance (red), IS<i>1294</i> transposase functions (right blue), other transposase functions (navy), replication function (yellow), integrase functions (green), and other functions (gray) are shown. The black double-arrowheads above the diagram indicate mobile elements. The green and orange double-arrowheads above the schemes indicate the left and right region of pYT1 and pYT2, respectively. The regions similar to these are also indicated by the green and orange double-arrowheads above the diagrams. Pair-wise alignment of sequences was performed using a BLASTN similarity search and visualized using the ACT program. The red and blue bars between diagrams represent individual nucleotide matches in the forward or reverse directions, respectively.</p

Factors participating in recovery processes of eating disorders <Original Articles>

われわれは,摂食障害から回復した患者の臨床像,精神症状を検討した。対象は,摂食障害から回復し,1年以上よい状態が持続している患者10例(回復群)と治療継続中の摂食障害患者10例(対照群)である。回復群と対照群の,初診時と治療開始1年後のDSM-IV のGAF,EAT,BITE,CISS を比較した。さらに,回復者自身が回復に重要であったととらえている要因について面接調査した。その結果,回復群は,対照群と比較して,ソーシャルサポートを有する者が多かった。また,治療開始1年後で,EAT が有意に低く,GAF が有意に高く,CISS の情緒優先対処の得点が有意に低かった。さらに,回復群は,社会活動,友人のサポート,自己実現の体験,他者から評価される体験が回復に重要であったと述べていた。ソーシャルサポートやストレス対処への介入,社会活動への援助などが摂食障害の回復に重要であると思われた。Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and psychological features of patients who recovered from eating disorder. Subjects: Subjects were 10 patients who recovered from eating disorder and continued being in good condition for more than one year (recovery group). We chose 10 eating disorder patients who were under treatment as control group. Method: We compared clinical and psychological features of recovery group and control group. We used GAF (DSM-IV), Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE), and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation (CISS). Then we interviewed patients of recovery group and investigated what factors they thought influenced on recovery. Results: Recovery group had more social supports compared to control group. Recovery group showed significantly lower EAT scores, higher GAF scores and lower emotional oriented coping scores in CISS than control group after 1 year from starting treatment. And recovery group expressed social activity, supports of friends, experiences in achievement their purposes, and experiences in being appreciated were important for recovery. Conclusion: Social support, intervention in coping for stressful situations, and help to engage in social activity are important for recovery in eating disorder patients