11,579 research outputs found
Force-induced acoustic phonon transport across single-digit nanometre vacuum gaps
Heat transfer between bodies separated by nanoscale vacuum gap distances has
been extensively studied for potential applications in thermal management,
energy conversion and data storage. For vacuum gap distances down to 20 nm,
state-of-the-art experiments demonstrated that heat transport is mediated by
near-field thermal radiation, which can exceed Planck's blackbody limit due to
the tunneling of evanescent electromagnetic waves. However, at sub-10-nm vacuum
gap distances, current measurements are in disagreement on the mechanisms
driving thermal transport. While it has been hypothesized that acoustic phonon
transport across single-digit nanometre vacuum gaps (or acoustic phonon
tunneling) can dominate heat transfer, the underlying physics of this
phenomenon and its experimental demonstration are still unexplored. Here, we
use a custom-built high-vacuum shear force microscope (HV-SFM) to measure heat
transfer between a silicon (Si) tip and a feedback-controlled platinum (Pt)
nanoheater in the near-contact, asperity-contact, and bulk-contact regimes. We
demonstrate that in the near-contact regime (i.e., single-digit nanometre or
smaller vacuum gaps before making asperity contact), heat transfer between Si
and Pt surfaces is dominated by force-induced acoustic phonon transport that
exceeds near-field thermal radiation predictions by up to three orders of
magnitude. The measured thermal conductance shows a gap dependence of
in the near-contact regime, which is consistent with acoustic
phonon transport modelling based on the atomistic Green's function (AGF)
framework. Our work suggests the possibility of engineering heat transfer
across single-digit nanometre vacuum gaps with external force stimuli, which
can make transformative impacts to the development of emerging thermal
management technologies.Comment: 9 pages with 4 figures (Main text), 13 pages with 7 figures
(Methods), and 13 pages with 6 figures and 1 table (Supplementary
Information
Musical Robots For Children With ASD Using A Client-Server Architecture
Presented at the 22nd International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD-2016)People with Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are known to have difficulty recognizing and expressing emotions, which affects their social integration. Leveraging the recent advances in interactive robot and music therapy approaches, and integrating both, we have designed musical robots that can facilitate social and emotional interactions of children with ASD. Robots communicate with children with ASD while detecting their emotional states and physical activities and then, make real-time sonification based on the interaction data. Given that we envision the use of multiple robots with children, we have adopted a client-server architecture. Each robot and sensing device plays a role as a terminal, while the sonification server processes all the data and generates harmonized sonification. After describing our goals for the use of sonification, we detail the system architecture and on-going research scenarios. We believe that the present paper offers a new perspective on the sonification application for assistive technologies
Nonlinear Mapping of Gaussian Statistics: Theory and Applications to Spacecraft Trajectory Design
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76930/1/AIAA-20177-363.pd
Nonlinear Semi-Analytic Method for Spacecraft Navigation
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/77318/1/AIAA-2006-6399-190.pd
Three path interference using nuclear magnetic resonance: a test of the consistency of Born's rule
The Born rule is at the foundation of quantum mechanics and transforms our
classical way of understanding probabilities by predicting that interference
occurs between pairs of independent paths of a single object. One consequence
of the Born rule is that three way (or three paths) quantum interference does
not exist. In order to test the consistency of the Born rule, we examine
detection probabilities in three path intereference using an ensemble of
spin-1/2 quantum registers in liquid state nuclear magnetic resonance (LSNMR).
As a measure of the consistency, we evaluate the ratio of three way
interference to two way interference. Our experiment bounded the ratio to the
order of , and hence it is consistent with Born's rule.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures; Improved presentation of figures 1 and 4,
changes made in section 2 to better describe the experiment, minor changes
throughout, and added several reference
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Combinatorial Pharyngeal Taste Coding for Feeding Avoidance in Adult Drosophila.
Taste drives appropriate food preference and intake. In Drosophila, taste neurons are housed in both external and internal organs, but the latter have been relatively underexplored. Here, we report that Poxn mutants with a minimal taste system of pharyngeal neurons can avoid many aversive tastants, including bitter compounds, acid, and salt, suggesting that pharyngeal taste is sufficient for rejecting intake of aversive compounds. Optogenetic activation of selected pharyngeal bitter neurons during feeding events elicits changes in feeding parameters that can suppress intake. Functional dissection experiments indicate that multiple classes of pharyngeal neurons are involved in achieving behavioral avoidance, by virtue of being inhibited or activated by aversive tastants. Tracing second-order pharyngeal circuits reveals two main relay centers for processing pharyngeal taste inputs. Together, our results suggest that the pharynx can control the ingestion of harmful compounds by integrating taste input from different classes of pharyngeal neurons
Anti-Platelet Therapy in Acute Coronary Syndromes: Updates in Therapy After Stent Implantation
This home-study CPE activity has been developed to educate pharmacists on updates in anti-platelet therapy after stent implantation
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