6 research outputs found

    Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ спСцифичСской Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ особо опасных токсикоинфСкций

    Get PDF
    Category A select agents continue to be major threat to human population both as naturally occurring diseases and as potential weapon of bioterrorists. Anthrax and botulism are probably the most threatening agents as both have virtually uncontrolled natural reservoirs from which they can be isolated and propagated. Available specific antitoxin therapy of both diseases is outdated; its efficiency is questionable as well as safety of reactogenic or human-derived components used in treatment. Highly sensitive toxin detection techniques are still not as widespread as it needed for timely alerting medical services. There is urgent need of pre-exposure prophylaxis and postexposure specific antitoxin therapy for anthrax and botulism. Analysis of modern studies in the field suggests oligoclonal antibodies acting against receptor-binding toxin subunits and nucleic acid aptamers as allosteric inhibitors of metlloproteolytic toxin components as the most promising candidates for development of efficient antitoxin therapyОсобо опасныС токсикоинфСкции ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΡŒΡŽ насСлСния ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ обСспСчСния биологичСской бСзопасности. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ собой Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΈ сибирская язва, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ практичСски Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΡƒΠ°Ρ€Ρ‹, Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ биотСррористов. БпСцифичСская тСрапия этих Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ практичСски отсутствуСт, ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ возмоТности примСнСния ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ранняя диагностика Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»Π° ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ распространСния. НСобходима срочная Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° срСдств спСцифичСской Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ экстрСнной ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ сибирской язвы. Анализ соврСмСнных Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ развития этих Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π», Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚, вСроятно, Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ пСрспСктивными тСхнологиями для создания антитоксинов ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π° ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹, аллостСричСски ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ эффСкторных ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… токсинов β€” цинкзависимых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π°Π·

    АптамСры для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ: ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ пСрспСктивы

    Get PDF
    Aptamers are short single-stranded oligonucleotides which are selected via targeted chemical evolution in vitro to bind a molecular target of interest. The aptamer selection technology is designated as SELEX (Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment). SELEX enables isolation of oligonucleotide aptamers binding a wide range of targets of interest with little respect for their nature and molecular weight. A number of applications of aptamer selection were developed ranging from biosensor technologies to antitumor drug discovery. First aptamer-based pharmaceutical (Macugen) was approved by FDA for clinical use in 2004, and since then more than ten aptamer-based drugs undergo various phases of clinical trials. From the medicinal chemist’s point of view, aptamers represent a new class of molecules suitable for the development of new therapeutics. Due to the stability, relative synthesis simplicity, and development of advanced strategies of target specific molecular selection, aptamers attract increased attention of drug discovery community. Difficulties of the development of next-generation antibiotics basing on the conventional basis of combinatorial chemistry and high-throughput screening have also amplified the interest to aptamer-based therapeutic candidates. The present article reviews the investigations focused on the development of antibacterial aptamers and discusses the potential and current limitations of the use of this type of therapeutic molecules.АптамСры ― ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½ΡƒΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… кислот, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π² процСссС Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ химичСской Β«ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΠΊΠ΅Β» Π½Π° основС Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ SELEX ΠΎΡ‚Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ молСкулярной мишСни. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ SELEX ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½ΡƒΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π°ΠΉΡˆΠΈΠΉ спСктр высоко- ΠΈ низкомолСкулярных Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ², Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ простота Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ синтСза ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΊ созданию ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ спСктра ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ― ΠΎΡ‚ биосСнсоров Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π‘ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния мСдицинской Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ, Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ классом ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ», Π½Π° основС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ лСкарствСнныС ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ простоты синтСза ΠΈ создания всС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ эффСктивных стратСгий сСлСкции ΠΌΠΈΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ» Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² лСкарствСнных срСдств, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС ΠΈ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ ΠΊ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌ усиливаСтся ΠΈ Π² связи с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, возникшими ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… срСдств Π½Π° основС классичСских химичСских соСдинСний ― ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹Ρ… органичСских ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ», Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ синтСтичСских ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ извСстных Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². Π’ настоящСм ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° созданиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π», Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ этапС ограничСния, свойствСнныС этому классу тСрапСвтичСских ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ»

    How Much Can You Win When Your Adversary is Handicapped?

    No full text
    We consider infinite games where a gambler plays a coin-tossing game against an adversary. The gambler puts stakes on heads or tails, and the adversary tosses a fair coin, but has to choose his outcome according to a previously given law known to the gambler. In other words, the adversary is not allowed to play all infinite heads-tails-sequences, but only a certain subset F of them. We present an algorithm for the player which, depending on the structure of the set F , guarantees an optimal exponent of increase of the player's capital, independently on which one of the allowed heads-tails-sequences the adversary chooses. Using the known upper bound on the exponent provided by the maximum Kolmogorov complexity of sequences in F we show the optimality of our result
    corecore