МОДЕЛЬ РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ УДАРНОЙ ВОЛНЫ В КОММУНИКАЦИОННЫХ ПОМЕЩЕНИЯХ

The paper offers a physical model of the formation and propagation of a shock wave in the communication premise as in the channel with walls of different rigidity. The authors prove a need for the installation of blast relief panels in communication premises of buildings with increased explosion hazard.Запропоновано фізичну модель утворення й поширення ударної хвилі в комунікаційному приміщенні як у каналі зі стінками різної жорсткості. Обґрунтовано необхідність улаштування легкоскиданих конструкцій у комунікаційних приміщеннях будівель із підвищеною вибухонебезпекою

Development of DNA-Biochip for Identification of Influenza A Virus Subtypes

Developed was the DNA-biochip to identify subtypes of influenza A virus, pathogenic for humans. Microchip was capable of detecting H1, H3, H5-subtypes of hemagglutinin (including H1-subtype of pandemic A/H1N1(2009) influenza virus ) and neuraminidase subtypes N1,N2 of influenza virus. This microchip was successfully tested on the strains of A/H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, A/H1N1(2009) pandemic influenza virus, A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 seasonal influenza viruses

Urocortin-1 within the Centrally-Projecting Edinger-Westphal Nucleus Is Critical for Ethanol Preference

Converging lines of evidence point to the involvement of neurons of the centrally projecting Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EWcp) containing the neuropeptide Urocortin-1 (Ucn1) in excessive ethanol (EtOH) intake and EtOH sensitivity. Here, we expanded these previous findings by using a continuous-access, two-bottle choice drinking paradigm (3%, 6%, and 10% EtOH vs. tap water) to compare EtOH intake and EtOH preference in Ucn1 genetic knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Based on previous studies demonstrating that electrolytic lesion of the EWcp attenuated EtOH intake and preference in high-drinking C57BL/6J mice, we also set out to determine whether EWcp lesion would differentially alter EtOH consumption in Ucn1 KO and WT mice. Finally, we implemented well-established place conditioning procedures in KO and WT mice to determine whether Ucn1 and the corticotropin-releasing factor type-2 receptor (CRF-R2) were involved in the rewarding and aversive effects of EtOH (2 g/kg, i.p.). Results from these studies revealed that (1) genetic deletion of Ucn1 dampened EtOH preference only in mice with an intact EWcp, but not in mice that received lesion of the EWcp, (2) lesion of the EWcp dampened EtOH intake in Ucn1 KO and WT mice, but dampened EtOH preference only in WT mice expressing Ucn1, and (3) genetic deletion of Ucn1 or CRF-R2 abolished the conditioned rewarding effects of EtOH, but deletion of Ucn1 had no effect on the conditioned aversive effects of EtOH. The current findings provide strong support for the hypothesis that EWcp-Ucn1 neurons play an important role in EtOH intake, preference, and reward

Лапароскопическая радикальная нефрэктомия с тромбэктомией из нижней полой вены I - III уровня: опыт одного центра и обзор литературы.

Objective. Radical nephrectomy with thrombectomy of the inferior vena cava is the preferred treatment for renal cell carcinoma with an tumor thrombosis. We describe our experience and presentreview of the literature evaluating the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic nephrectomy with inferior vena cava thrombectomy.Materials and methods. The study included 37 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy with level I–III thrombectomy for renal cell carcinoma in our institution from 2018 to 2021. We analyzed the clinical, radiographic, intraoperative, pathological and postoperative parameters of the patients. The literature was reviewed by the Medline search engine, PubMed, with a review of publications on laparoscopic radical nephrectomy with inferior vena cava levelI–IIIthrombectomy.Results. The mean operation time was 275 ± 60.1 min, the median blood loss was 450 ± 81.6 ml (≥50 % of the circulating blood volume – 32.4 %). Intraoperative complications were observed during 10 (27.0 %) operations. Postoperative complications developed in 29.7 % of patients and reached gradesIII–IV according to the Clavien–Dindo scale on 13.0 % ill. All patients are activated according to the fast track rehabilitation program. The average hospital stay was 5 days. A literature review identified clinical cases and small series demonstrating the technical feasibility and safety of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy with thrombectomy in selected patients.Conclusion. Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy with thrombectomy is a technically feasible approach in carefully selected patients with level I–III tumor thrombosis. Optimal patient selection, extensive experience in laparoscopy and specialized centers are essential for the safe use of thistechnique.Цель исследования – представить непосредственные результаты выполнения лапароскопической радикальной нефрэктомии с тромбэктомией из нижней полой вены I–III уровней в условиях одного онкоурологического стационара.Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 37 пациентов, перенесших лапароскопическую радикальную нефрэктомию с тромбэктомией из нижней полой вены I–III уровней по поводу почечно-клеточного рака в НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова в период с 2018 по 2021 г. Проанализированы клинические, рентгенографические, интраоперационные, патоморфологические и послеоперационные параметры пациентов. В системах Medline и PubMed выполнен поиск публикаций, посвященных лапароскопической радикальной нефрэктомии с тромбэктомией из нижней полой вены I–III уровней за последние 10 лет.Результаты. Среднее время операции составило 275 ± 60,1 мин, медиана объема кровопотери – 450 ± 81,6 мл (≥50 % объема циркулирующей крови – 32,4 %). Интраоперационные осложнения отмечены в 10 (27,0 %) случаях. Послеоперационные осложнения развились у 29,7 % пациентов и достигли III–IV степеней тяжести по шкале Clavien–Dindo у 13,0 % больных. Все пациенты активизированы по программе ускоренной реабилитации fast track. Средняя продолжительность пребывания в стационаре составила 5 сут. Обзор литературы выявил клинические случаи и небольшие серии, демонстрирующие техническую осуществимость и безопасность лапароскопической радикальной нефрэктомии с тромбэктомией у отдельных пациентов.Заключение. Лапароскопическая радикальная нефрэктомия с тромбэктомией – технически осуществимый подход у тщательно отобранных пациентов с опухолевым тромбом I–III уровней. Оптимальный отбор пациентов, обширный опыт лапароскопии и специализированные центры являются принципиальными элементами для безопасного применения этого метода

Distinct glutaminyl cyclase expression in Edinger–Westphal nucleus, locus coeruleus and nucleus basalis Meynert contributes to pGlu-Aβ pathology in Alzheimer’s disease

Glutaminyl cyclase (QC) was discovered recently as the enzyme catalyzing the pyroglutamate (pGlu or pE) modification of N-terminally truncated Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Aβ peptides in vivo. This modification confers resistance to proteolysis, rapid aggregation and neurotoxicity and can be prevented by QC inhibitors in vitro and in vivo, as shown in transgenic animal models. However, in mouse brain QC is only expressed by a relatively low proportion of neurons in most neocortical and hippocampal subregions. Here, we demonstrate that QC is highly abundant in subcortical brain nuclei severely affected in AD. In particular, QC is expressed by virtually all urocortin-1-positive, but not by cholinergic neurons of the Edinger–Westphal nucleus, by noradrenergic locus coeruleus and by cholinergic nucleus basalis magnocellularis neurons in mouse brain. In human brain, QC is expressed by both, urocortin-1 and cholinergic Edinger–Westphal neurons and by locus coeruleus and nucleus basalis Meynert neurons. In brains from AD patients, these neuronal populations displayed intraneuronal pE-Aβ immunoreactivity and morphological signs of degeneration as well as extracellular pE-Aβ deposits. Adjacent AD brain structures lacking QC expression and brains from control subjects were devoid of such aggregates. This is the first demonstration of QC expression and pE-Aβ formation in subcortical brain regions affected in AD. Our results may explain the high vulnerability of defined subcortical neuronal populations and their central target areas in AD as a consequence of QC expression and pE-Aβ formation

EEG Biofeedback as a Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: Review, Rating of Efficacy, and Recommendations for Further Research

Electroencephalographic (EEG) biofeedback has been employed in substance use disorder (SUD) over the last three decades. The SUD is a complex series of disorders with frequent comorbidities and EEG abnormalities of several types. EEG biofeedback has been employed in conjunction with other therapies and may be useful in enhancing certain outcomes of therapy. Based on published clinical studies and employing efficacy criteria adapted by the Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback and the International Society for Neurofeedback and Research, alpha theta training—either alone for alcoholism or in combination with beta training for stimulant and mixed substance abuse and combined with residential treatment programs, is probably efficacious. Considerations of further research design taking these factors into account are discussed and descriptions of contemporary research are given

ARTHROSCOPIC RECONSTRUCTION OF THE KNEE POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT

In this article there were published diagnostic and surgery principles and the clinical results of arthroscopic single bundle posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction in patients with chronic PCL instability not responding to conservative treatment. There were treated 27 patients with PCL instability since 2006 till 2010. 10 of 27 patients were available for followup with an average elapsed time of 6,1 years between onset of injury and surgery and an average duration of 1,8 years between reconstruction and evaluation. Although there still is some controversy on the indication for treatment of PCL injury, we conclude on the basis of our findings that arthroscopic reconstruction of symptomatic chronic PCL instability can be greatly beneficial