VITAL-HISTORICAL AND ETERNAL THEMES IN KHALED HOSSEINI’S NOVELS

In the study of literature the themes of fiction are divided into vital-historical and eternal themes. Vital-historical themes refer to the conditions resulted in character upbringing in the socio-historical situation and they can’t exist outside of this certain time and place. The eternal themes indicate the repeated events in all the periods of all the nations. The combination of several themes in one work is expressed in literary studies with the concept of “thematic”. When faced with such a situation, one or two major themes may be separated, and the rest should be explored as secondary. The objective of this paper is to seek to remedy these problems by analyzing the novels “The Kite Runner” and “A Thousand Splendid Suns” by Afghan-American writer Khaled Hosseini in terms of vital-historical and eternal themes. The data collected from the detailed analysis of the texts of Hosseini’s novels mentioned above by applying biographic method. The research results in proving the fact that the writer’s talent lies on fastening the theme of Afghanistan equally in his all three books pre-in- post Taliban periods and in addition to this he can indicate his own personal perspective towards the issues stated in the events. Hosseini could fulfill his task in describing his desire and Afghan people in each part of the world for the blessed peace that the nation couldn’t witness for a long time. Moreover, the themes of children and childhood, women and womanhood or family traditions can be found regularly in all the novels indicated above to strengthen the core meaning of what is being Afghan and what is living in Afghanistan. This study is an effort to unfold the significance of literary characteristics of the novels those mentioned above. The study concludes that Khaled Hosseini applied the vital-historical and eternal themes in his three novels to illustrate the objective picture of Afghanistan pre-in-post Taliban period

CHILDHOOD, WOMANHOOD AND FAMILY PERSPECTIVES ON THE EXAMPLE OF KHALED HOISSEINI’S WORKS

The present research focuses on the analysis of the novels “The Kite Runner”, “A Thousand Splendid Suns”, “And the Mountains Echoed” by Afghan-born American writer Khaled Hosseini in line with the major characteristics of childhood, womanhood and family perspectives. Considering those perspectives found in this research, it is obvious that Hosseini globally demonstrates the real outlook of his nation and country, and moreover establishes that having peace and wealth is the life meaning for Afghan people the same as other, human beings. There are different literary perspectives in the studies of literature as archetypal, formalist, psychoanalytical, social-class, gender, feministic and historical. Hosseini’s works are interpreted, analyzed and criticized by using the historical perspective, which definitely show their contextual and discursive meaning in terms of diaspora literature. The childhood perspective is depicted in “The Kite Runner” via three personages of the novel Amir, Hassan and Sukhrob, moreover the writer describes the fate of Afghan people inside and outside of Afghanistan and can determine the problems of the people in diaspora. In “A Thousand Splendid Suns”, which deals with the problems of Afghan women, the author skillfully demonstrates the terrible conditions of females in pre-in-post Taliban periods on the example of two wives Mariam and Laila belonging to one man. The next work devoted to a family perspective “And the Mountains Echoed” gives the images of more than twenty various families from different parts of the world. Pariand Abdulla are the major characters of the novel and they are separated from each other in their childhood, yet reunited in their aged years when the value of memory and feelings lose their importance because of time and place correlation