Classification of <i>Earth & Environmental</i> journals.

<p>Classification of <i>Earth & Environmental</i> journals.</p

Time trend of female authorships on the global level.

<p>(<b>A</b>) The relative frequency of female authorships (FAP, bottom), the pattern of FAORs (with FAOR-triplet, top) and its associated <i>Prestige Index</i> (PI) are depicted by year and averaged over time. The very time-stable and unbalanced FAOR distribution is constantly characterized by the FAOR-pattern (+, +, -). The significantly negative PI points to a lack of prestigious authorships held by women. (<b>B</b>) The FAP exhibits a marginal increase as documented by its average annual growth rate (AAGR) of 0.7% per year with the highest rate for last authorships (1.5%).</p

Female authorships by journal category.

<p><b>(A)</b> The subject category <i>Earth & Environmental</i> has much favorable authorship odds for women than other categories. The number of considered male and female authorships is given in brackets. (B) In all categories, the FAP exhibits a positive annual growth with a relatively higher growth for first and last authorships and a relatively lower growth for co-authorships.</p

Map of the study areas.

<p>The map shows physiographic regions, development regions and study sites along an altitudinal transect from the lowlands (Birgunj; 80 m above sea level) to the High Mountain region (Dhunche; 2,100 m above sea level) in central Nepal.</p

Gender-specificity of citations & scholarly productivity.

<p>(<b>A</b>) The descendingly ordered citation rates shows that articles with male key authorships are more frequently cited than articles with female key authorships. The mean citation rate of 37.5 citations/article is depicted by a dotted line (Kruskal-Wallis test, (*): p < .05 (**): p < .01). (<b>B</b>) Average citation rates of both, ungrouped articles (bars) and articles that were grouped by the gender of their key authorships (lines), plotted as a function of the number of authors. Statistically, the citation rate of an article is higher the more authors are involved. The differences in citation rates between the two genders increase with the number of authors per article. (<b>C</b>) Gender-specific distribution of the number of articles per author. Women dominate the sub-groups 'author has 1 or 2 article(s)'. All other sub-groups are characterized by a relatively over-representation of male authors. This finding correlates with the higher productivity of male authors, as 61.0% male authors are responsible for 70.2% of all authorships.</p

Female authorships by continents.

<p>The continents were descendingly ordered by the <i>Prestige Index</i>.</p

Classification of countries descendingly ordered by the Prestige Index.

<p>Classification of countries descendingly ordered by the Prestige Index.</p

Classification of <i>Life science</i> journals.

<p>Classification of <i>Life science</i> journals.</p

Relative abundance of collected female <i>Aedes aegypti</i>, <i>Aedes albopictus</i> and <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i> in central Nepal.

<p>Each pie-chart represents positive traps for mosquitoes captured either by BG-Sentinel traps or CDC light traps.</p

Effect plots of meteorological factors for <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i> mean abundance in central Nepal.

<p>Panels A, B and C show the effects of adjusted mean temperature (°C), adjusted relative humidity (%) and adjusted rainfall (mm), respectively, on the number of female <i>Aedes aegypti</i> per BG-Sentinel trap. Panels D, E and F show the effects of adjusted mean temperature (°C), adjusted relative humidity (%) and adjusted rainfall (mm), respectively, on the number of female <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i> per CDC light trap. Mosquito numbers are displayed in log scale. The effect of adjusted rainfall on <i>C. quinquefasciatus</i> abundance was not significant but remained in the final model.</p