Anne conway’s exceptional vitalism:Material spirits and active matter

Anne Conway’s philosophy has been categorized as “vitalism,” “vital monism,” “spiri-tualism,” “monistic spiritualism,” “immaterial vitalism,” and “antimaterialism.” While there is no doubt that she is a monist and a vitalist, problems arise with the categories of “spir-itualism,” “immaterial vitalism,” and “antimaterialism.” Conway conceives of created substances as gross and fixed spirit, or rarefied and volatile matter. While interpreters agree that Conway’s “spirit” shares characteristics traditionally attributed to matter (e.g., extension, divisibility, impenetrability), and that she is critical of Henry More’s immaterial spirit, Conway’s spirit is still conceived as an immaterial soul-like or mind-like entity. I argue that Conway’s vitalism is material, and is best understood in the tradition of Renaissance vital naturalism. First, Conway does not criticize materialism per se, only mechanical materialism, which characterizes matter as lifeless. Her vitalism has to be materialistic in some sense, since only God is an immaterial substance. Second, Conway’s conceptions of matter and spirit, the language she uses, and the fact that she attributes thinking to extended, divisible, and impenetrable substances all place her within the tradition of Renaissance vital naturalism, wherein Bernardino Telesio, Tommaso Campanella, and Francis Bacon used “spirit” to account for all natural processes.</p

Contact videoendoscopy in the diagnosis of benign laryngeal patology

Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of Moldova, Congresul consacrat aniversării a 75-a de la fondarea Universității de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemițanu” din Republica Moldova, Ziua internațională a științei pentru pace și dezvoltareIntroduction Contact videoendoscopy is an optical, non-invasive method capable of providing real-time enlarged images of cell architecture in vivo and in situ of the superficial layers of the laryngeal mucosal epithelium comparable to histology without the need for biopsy. Purpose: To emphasize their importance, usefulness and informativeness as a diagnosis of vocal cord injuries. Material and methods: Study material-rigid endoscopes with different viewing angles.The basic technique is to stain the superficial cells of the laryngeal mucosa with a 1% methylene blue, after which it is placed in contact with the mucosal surface, rod-endoscope through the laryngoscope being introduced the contact endoscope with the recording and documentation of cytological images. Results The purpose of these technologies is: ❖ to provide valuable information for practitioners and patients, ❖ allowing images to be recorded on videos or other media formats, ❖ allowing examiners to review frame-by-frame images, ❖ capture still and close images, ❖ and re-examine images with care team members. Conclusions This is a method that allows us to: ➢ examine the difficult areas of the larynx, ➢ increasing the possibilities of evaluating premalignant or malignant laryngeal lesions, ➢ having a primary diagnostic value ➢ and an important role in the subsequent dispensary of patients

Contact videoendoscopy in the diagnosis of benign laryngeal pathology

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nicolae Testemitsanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, The 8th International Medical Congress for Students and Young Doctors, September 24-26, 2020Introduction. Laryngeal stroboscopy: this examination is a specialized viewing of vocal fold vibration.Laryngeal stroboscopy involves controlled high-speed flashes of light timed to the frequency of the patient’s voice.Images acquired during these flashes provide a slow motionlike view of vocal fold vibration during sound production. Aim of the study. To study it innovative approach to rigid endoscopy of the larynx. Results. For contact videoendoscopy, we start with a microcolpohysteroscope, 24 cm long, 4 mm in diameter, with an angle of 30°. When in contact with the tissues, it allows for magnifications of 60° and 150°. Presently, a prototype developed in collaboration with Karl Storz is being used. Contact endoscopy is performed after the assessment with the microscope and the telescopes. An autostatic device fixed to the operating table improves the manipulation of the contact endoscope, allowing for better control of movement along the superior surface of the vocal cord. Video and photographic documentation are obtained with the same equipment used in REMS procedure: With the contact endoscope close to the mucosal surface, allowing a panoramic view, the superior surface of the vocal cord is cleaned using Spongostan soaked in saline serum. After careful suction of the area, the vocal cords are stained with 1% methylene blue.The mucosa is gently touched with the tip of the contact endoscope, and the stained cells of the superficial layers of the epithelium become visible. The color lasts for approximately 4 to 5 minutes and gradually disappear, so staining is repeated periodically if longer assessment of the epithelium is needed. Later, contact videoendoscopic images are compared with histologic sections of the biopsied or excised lesions.Video recording allows for study and discussion of the images obtained by this in vivo and in situ study of the tissues. Laryngeal stroboscopy: Conclusions. These technologies provide valuable practitioner and patient information.It allows recording images, video or other media formats, permitting examiners to review the images of the voice box frame by frame, capture still and close-up images, and re-review images with members of the voice care team