Toleransi Beberapa Genotipe Padi Umur Pendek Terhadap Pasokan Air Terbatas

Field and screen house experiments were conducted in 2009 in Indramayu and Sukamandi. The field experiments was carried out at farmer\u27s field in the Cilandak village, Anjatan District, Indramayu Regency from May to October 2009. Nine rice genotypes (AS996, OM5240, BP5478-2F-KN-11-2-B, Inpari 10, Inpari 1, Silugonggo, dan Dodokan) were tested. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The treatments were: (a) fully irrigated (100% irrigated); (b) half-dry (75% irrigated), irrigation water was given until one month after planting, followed with weekly irrigation until crop harvest, and (c) dry (50% irrigated), irrigation water was given until one month after planting, then no more irrigation was given until harvest. The plant characters observed were: percentage of empty grain per panicle, grain weight per unit area, drought sensitivity index (S), and genotype superiority index (Pi). The screenhouse experiment was conducted in pots at the Rice Research Institute, Sukamandi, from July to October 2009, arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replications. The rice genotypes tested were the same as those in the field trial, The treatments wer three categories of water supply, namely minimum (4,000 m3/ha/season), optimal (5,500 m3/ha/season) and excessive (7,000 m3/ha/season). The plant characters observed were: grain weight (g/pot), percentage of filled grains/panicle, plant height, and age of flowering. The results showed that water stress during flowering stage increased percentage of empty grains from 25.6% to 34.3% and decreased grain yields from 11.3% to 23.2%. Genotypes AS996, OM5240, and BP5478-2F-KN-11-2-B were tolerant to drought, and gave higher yields than Inpari 10, Inpari 1, Silugonggo, and Dodokan. Under drought stress conditions, when the drought conditions were not extreme with soil moistures of 41.3% to 51.7%, yields of the three genotypes were not significantly tolerances from those under the normal condition (6.66 to 7.27 t/ha). Besides drought tolerant, genotypes AS996 and OM5240 were also efficient in using water during the crop growth

PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN CEKAMAN SALIN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL PADI

Management of the environment which is gripped by saline is very necessary to increase the yield of rice. The research was carried out in the farmers' land of Indramayu-West Java district in February - July 2019 using a split plot design with 3 replications. The variety used is Inpari 34. The treatment is gypsum dossage and organic matter. The results showed that the management of saline environmental stress by giving gypsum and organic matter did not affect plant growth including the number of tillers, leaf greenness value and yield on rice. Gypsum 1 ton/ha will provide maximum results 2,375 tons/ha dried grain if accompanied by the provision of 4 tons of organic matter/ha. Gypsum 1 ton/ha with organic matter more than 4 tons/ha will reduce rice yield. Gypsum application of 3 tons / ha reaches 2,6792 tons ha without the provision of organic matter