Lieb-Thirring inequalities for Schr\"odinger operators with complex-valued potentials

Inequalities are derived for power sums of the real part and the modulus of the eigenvalues of a Schr\"odinger operator with a complex-valued potential.Comment: 9 pages; typos correcte

Bi-Polaron and N-Polaron Binding Energies

The binding of polarons, or its absence, is an old and subtle topic. Here we prove two things rigorously. First, the transition from many-body collapse to the existence of a thermodynamic limit for N polarons occurs precisely at U=2\alpha, where U is the electronic Coulomb repulsion and \alpha is the polaron coupling constant. Second, if U is large enough, there is no multi-polaron binding of any kind. Considering the known fact that there is binding for some U>2\alpha, these conclusions are not obvious and their proof has been an open problem for some time.Comment: 4 page

Rethinking globalised resistance : feminist activism and critical theorising in international relations

This article argues that a feminist approach to the 'politics of resistance' offers a number of important empirical insights which, in turn, open up lines of theoretical inquiry which critical theorists in IR would do well to explore. Concretely, we draw on our ongoing research into feminist 'anti-globalisation' activism to rethink the nature of the subject of the politics of resistance, the conditions under which resistance emerges and how resistance is enacted and expressed. We begin by discussing the relationship of feminism to critical IR theory as a way of situating and explaining the focus and approach of our research project. We then summarise our key empirical arguments regarding the emergence, structure, beliefs, identities and practices of feminist 'anti-globalisation' activism before exploring the implications of these for a renewed critical theoretical agenda in IR

Effects of on-farm hatching on short term stress indicators, weight gain, and cognitive ability in layer chicks

Layer chicks are usually transported early in life, experiencing immediate post-hatch food and water deprivation and various transport-related stressors with potentially negative long-term consequences for learning, cognition and welfare. In contrast, as chicks are only temporarily exposed to these stressors, the experienced stress could be sub-chronic which may improve cognitive flexibility. The aim of this exploratory study was therefore to investigate the acute and long-term effects of on-farm hatching (OFH) compared to conventional hatching. Dekalb White layer chicks were subjected to either OFH (n = 47) with ad libitum access to feed and water or temporary post-hatch resource deprivation and eight hour transport (RDT; n = 42). Physical and behavioural measures were collected to examine short-term effects of the treatment procedures. To determine longer term effects, treatment differences in learning and cognitive flexibility were assessed in a Y-maze using several paradigms (reversal, attentional-shift, extinction) between 4 and 12 weeks of age (WOA). Compared to OFH chicks, RDT had: greater corticosterone levels after transport (F1,19 =8.15, p = 0.01, RDT (16.24 ± 1.20 ng/mL) vs. OFH (8.13 ± 1.20 ng/mL) and post-recovery (F1,19 =4.93, p = 0.04; RDT (11.69 ± 1.35 ng/mL) vs. OFH (5.31 ± 1.37)), and lower body mass after resource deprivation and transport (F2258 =9.7, p < 0.001, RDT (33.14 ± 0.33 g) vs. OFH (37.62 ± 0.28 g)). Performance of activity behaviours (foraging, drinking, resting, wing-assisted running) after transport exhibited treatment by time interactions. Additionally, a tendency for OFH being heavier than RDT chicks was observed up to 11 WOA. The majority of birds learned the initial association in the Y-maze between a reward and location (77% of n = 19 RDT and n = 29 OFH chicks) or light stimulus (91% of n = 12 RDT and n = 11 OFH chicks). Subsequently, a number of chicks reached the learning criterion in the location reversal (24% of n = 13 RDT and n = 24 OFH chicks) and the light-to-location attentional-shift (47% of n = 11 RDT and n = 10 OFH chicks), and most of these chicks succeeded in the following extinction paradigm (80% of n = 3 RDT and n = 7 OFH chicks). No treatment effects were detected in any phase of cognitive testing. In conclusion, treatment affected behaviour and health parameters suggesting RDT animals were recovering from resource deprivation and transport. Continued treatment differences in body mass throughout rearing demonstrated long term effects as well although no effects on initial learning and cognitive flexibility were identified. Future work is needed to determine what mechanisms are responsible for the observed health and behavioural differences

Milk somatic cell count, lactate dehydrogenase activity, and immunoglobulin G concentration associated with mastitis caused by different pathogens: a field study

The aim of this study is to analyze how somatic cell counts (SCC), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) interact dependent on the mastitis causing pathogen. Milk samples from 152 quarters were collected on 2 Swiss dairy farms equipped with automatic milking systems. Bacteriological culturing was performed and SCC, LDH activity and IgG concentrations were measured in each sample. Correlations and regressions among SCC, LHD, and IgG were calculated after grouping by the pathogen type (control, S. aureus, C. bovis, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and S. uberis). All the mastitis causing pathogens were gram-positive bacteria (except for 3 cases with E. coli). In this study, the SCC and LDH were affected by the pathogen group. However, only in the S. uberis group the IgG concentration was higher than in the controls. All studied variables were positively correlated among each other. SCC and LDH were the highest correlated parameters in the control, S. aureus, C. bovis and coagulase- negative Staphylococcus groups. Only in the S. uberis group the correlation between LDH and IgG was higher than the correlation between SCC and LDH. The regression coefficients for SCC and LDH differed between groups whereas regression coefficients for SCC and IgG, and for LDH and IgG were similar in all groups. Because cases with E. coli infection were so rare, we could not include these cases in the statistical evaluation. Based on these few cases E. coli (n=3) seemed to cause a much higher increase of IgG and LDH than the infection with gram-positive bacteria. This study shows that the suitability of LDH as a marker for IgG transfer is dependent on the pathogen. The use of LDH in combination with SCC may be used as a marker to differentiate between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but does not allow differentiating the immune response between different gram-positive bacteria

Human helminth co-infection: no evidence of common genetic control of hookworm and Schistosoma mansoni infection intensity in a Brazilian community.

Strong statistical associations between soil-transmitted helminths and schistosomes are frequently observed in co-endemic human populations, although the underlying explanations remain poorly understood. This study investigates the contribution of host genetics and domestic environment to hookworm and Schistosoma mansoni infection intensity and evaluates the role of genetic and non-genetic factors in co-variation of infection intensity. Detailed genealogical information allowed assignment of 1303 individuals living in the Brazilian community of Americaninhas, Minas Gerais state, to 25 pedigrees (containing between two and 1159 members) residing in 303 households. The prevalence of co-infection with both hookworms and schistosomes was high (38.5%), with significant correlation between Necator americanus and S. mansoni faecal egg counts. Bivariate variance component analysis demonstrated a modest but significant species-specific heritability for intensity of N. americanus (h(2)=0.196) and S. mansoni infection (h(2)=0.230). However, after accounting for demographic, socio-economic and household risk factors, no evidence for common genetic control of intensity of hookworm and schistosome infection was observed. There was some evidence for residual clustering within households but the majority (63%) of the covariance between N. americanus and S. mansoni infection intensity remained specific to the individual and could not be explained by shared genes, shared environment or other shared demographic, socio-economic or environmental risk factors. Our results emphasize the importance of exposure to hookworm and schistosome infection in driving the association between levels of infection with these species in hosts resident in areas of high transmission and suggest that much of this common exposure occurs outside the home

Eigenvalue Bounds for Perturbations of Schrodinger Operators and Jacobi Matrices With Regular Ground States

We prove general comparison theorems for eigenvalues of perturbed Schrodinger operators that allow proof of Lieb--Thirring bounds for suitable non-free Schrodinger operators and Jacobi matrices.Comment: 11 page

Zonation of Central U. S. Earthquake Sources

A variety of analyses are utilized in developing potential earthquake ground shaking at a specific location. Geological procedures for estimating causes of earthquakes are fundamental to the prediction of ground motions. Evaluations of geologic factors compliment mathematical assessments of seismological data. Earthquake potential in the Central United States is predicted using the concept of seismic source zones due to the difficulty of determining active faults. Resolution of these geographic source zones is dependent upon knowledge of historic seismicity, pertinent geologic features, and causative tectonics. Regardless of the method used to delineate source zones, these zones must be geologically and seismologically unique. Statistical testing of historic earthquake catalogues is required for reduction of the data base. The resolution of zones is an iterative process of bounding the zones and determining recurrence rates. Earthquake potential and risk assessment should be understood by the owner and the designer of a facility