The Significance of IDH1 Mutations in Tumor-Associated Seizure in 60 Chinese Patients with Low-Grade Gliomas

Background. Seizure is a common clinical presentation in patients suffering from primary brain tumors, especially from low-grade gliomas (LGGs). However, the genetic factors of tumor-associated seizure, at present, are still very poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential correlation between tumor-associated epilepsy and IDH1 mutations in a Chinese population with LGGs. Materials and Methods. This study reviewed 60 patients with histologically confirmed low-grade gliomas, and the status of IDH1 was detected after the operation at our institution. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the potential risk factors for tumor-related seizures. Results. IDH1 mutation was detected in 46 (76.7%) patients, among which 14 patients had no epilepsies and 32 patients had epilepsies (, chi-square test). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the mutation of IDH1 seems to be the strongest predictor for preoperative seizure (OR, 6.130; 95% CI, 1.523–24.669; ). Conclusions. IDH1 mutation was frequently detected in LGGs, and it may result in tumor-related seizures

Human I/O: Towards a Unified Approach to Detecting Situational Impairments

Situationally Induced Impairments and Disabilities (SIIDs) can significantly hinder user experience in contexts such as poor lighting, noise, and multi-tasking. While prior research has introduced algorithms and systems to address these impairments, they predominantly cater to specific tasks or environments and fail to accommodate the diverse and dynamic nature of SIIDs. We introduce Human I/O, a unified approach to detecting a wide range of SIIDs by gauging the availability of human input/output channels. Leveraging egocentric vision, multimodal sensing and reasoning with large language models, Human I/O achieves a 0.22 mean absolute error and a 82% accuracy in availability prediction across 60 in-the-wild egocentric video recordings in 32 different scenarios. Furthermore, while the core focus of our work is on the detection of SIIDs rather than the creation of adaptive user interfaces, we showcase the efficacy of our prototype via a user study with 10 participants. Findings suggest that Human I/O significantly reduces effort and improves user experience in the presence of SIIDs, paving the way for more adaptive and accessible interactive systems in the future

Next Steps for Human-Centered Generative AI: A Technical Perspective

Through iterative, cross-disciplinary discussions, we define and propose next-steps for Human-centered Generative AI (HGAI) from a technical perspective. We contribute a roadmap that lays out future directions of Generative AI spanning three levels: Aligning with human values; Accommodating humans' expression of intents; and Augmenting humans' abilities in a collaborative workflow. This roadmap intends to draw interdisciplinary research teams to a comprehensive list of emergent ideas in HGAI, identifying their interested topics while maintaining a coherent big picture of the future work landscape

Expression and clinical significance of RBBP4 gene in lower-grade glioma: An integrative analysis

This study investigated the expression pattern of retinoblastoma binding protein 4 (RBBP4) gene in glioma and explored its associations with clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of patients. Data retrieved from the GEPIA, CGGA, HPA and TIMER databases were processed to analyze RBBP4 expression in glioma and investigate its relationship with clinicopathologic characteristics, tumor immune infiltration and prognosis in glioma patients. Immunohistochemistry was applied to determine the expression of RBBP4 protein in glioma tissue. Additionally, the Coexpedia database was visited to identify co-expressed genes for RBBP4 gene, while the Cytoscape software was run to visualize the enriched GO entries and KEGG pathways of these co-expressed genes. The expression levels of RBBP4 in lower-grade glioma (LGG) and glioblastoma (GBM) tissues were markedly elevated when compared to normal tissues (both p < 0.05). The up-regulation of RBBP4 expression was associated with an increase in WHO grade (II-IV), wild-type IDH, and 1p/19q non-codeletion (all p < 0.05). Multi-variate Cox regression analysis showed that both increased abundance of infiltrating macrophages and up-regulated RBBP4 expression independently predicted poor survival outcomes in LGG patients (both p < 0.05). Furthermore, RBBP4 expression exhibited significant positive correlations with the abundance of infiltrating B cell, CD8+ T cell, CD4+ T cell, macrophage, neutrophil, and dendritic cell in LGG (all p < 0.05). Functional enrichment analyses indicated that the co-expressed genes associated with RBBP4 were highly involved in pathways such as the p53 signaling pathway, cell cycle, DNA replication, glutathione metabolism, as well as biological processes including cell cycle process, DNA replication, and DNA repair. High levels of RBBP4 are predictive for the poor survival outcome of LGG patients. RBBP4 gene, therefore, is expected to be a potential biomarker for prognosis of LGG and a target for immunotherapy

UV-emitting polyelectrolyte-modified MoS2 quantum dots for selective determination of nitrophenol in water samples based on inner filter effect

In this work, poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS)-modified molybdenum disulfide quantum dots (MoS2-PSS QDs) were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method using L-cysteine and anhydrous sodium molybdate as precursors and PSS as a modification reagent, and a selective and sensitive fluorescent sensing method for the determination of p-nitrophenol (p-NP) based on their UV emission was developed. The obtained MoS2-PSS QDs have an obvious UV emission peak (390 nm) with quantum yield of 5.13%. The strong absorption peak of p-NP at 400 nm has large spectral overlap with the UV emission peak (390 nm) of MoS2-PSS QDs. Because of this p-NP absorption, the fluorescence of MoS2-PSS QDs at 390 nm is quenched with the introduction of p-NP via inner filter effect (IFE) and the decreased fluorescence intensity was linearly proportional to the p-NP concentration in the range of 1-20 M, leading to a detection limit of 0.13 M for p-NP. The MoS2 QDs-based fluorescent probe for p-NP is sensitive and selective, was successfully applied in the determination of p-NP in the pond water samples with satisfactory results.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author