Additional file 1: of Distinct genetic alteration profiles of acute myeloid leukemia between Caucasian and Eastern Asian population

This file contains Tables S1–S7, including Table S1. CBF ratios in European, American, and Eastern Asian cohorts; Table S2. NPM1 mutation ratios in European and our cohorts; Table S3. FLT3-ITD mutation ratios in European and our cohorts; Table S4. FLT3-ITD mutation ratios in older patients from Chinese cohort against European and American cohorts; Table S5. CBF leukemia ratios in older patients from Japanese and Chinese cohorts against European and American cohorts; Table S6. NPM1 mutation ratios in older patients from Chinese cohort against European and American cohorts; and Table S7. Outcomes in European, American, and Eastern Asian cohorts. (PDF 568 kb

The number of CD34+CD38+CD117+HLA-DR+CD13+CD33+ cells indicates post-chemotherapy hematopoietic recovery in patients with acute myeloid leukemia

<div><p>Hematopoietic recovery is considered to be associated with the number of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, as observed in functional assays involving stem cell transplantation. However, there is little evidence related to hematopoietic recovery in non-transplantation settings, which is accomplished by endogenous hematopoietic cells. A recent study suggested that progenitors are the main contributors during this steady-state hematopoiesis, which differs from exogenous transplantation. We hypothesized that endogenous progenitor support post-chemotherapy hematopoietic recovery. To investigate the potential impact of these progenitor cell percentage on hematopoietic recovery, we retrospectively analyzed the percentage of CD34+CD38+CD117+HLA-DR+CD13+CD33+ cells (P cells) and hematopoietic recovery in 223 newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia patients during two courses of consolidation chemotherapy after complete remission. We found that a lower P cell percentage was significantly associated with prolonged neutropenia recovery time after the first and second courses of consolidation chemotherapy (p = 0.001; p = 0.045, respectively). We also observed similar results with regard to platelet recovery time after the first course of consolidation chemotherapy (p = 0.000). Univariate analysis showed that P cell percentage and consolidation chemotherapy regimens, and not gender, age, induction chemotherapy regimens, infection grade, WHO classification and NCCN risk category, were associated with neutrophil recovery after chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that P cell percentage is an independent factor affecting neutrophil recovery capacity for both the first and second courses (p = 0.008; p = 0.032, respectively). Our results indicate that CD34+CD38+CD117+HLA-DR+CD13+CD33+ cells before each course of chemotherapy is independently associated with chemotherapy-related hematopoietic reconstitution capacity. These findings may help modify future chemotherapy regimens based on progenitor cell percentages.</p></div

Multivariate analysis for ANC recovery in consolidation one.

<p>Multivariate analysis for ANC recovery in consolidation one.</p

Clinical characteristics of the 223 patients with AML.

<p>Clinical characteristics of the 223 patients with AML.</p

Chemotherapy-impaired hematopoietic recovery ability.

<p>Differences in bone marrow recovery capacity represented as time of neutropenia (A) and platelet recovery time (B) after the first and second course of chemotherapy.</p

Univariate analysis for ANC recovery.

<p>Univariate analysis for ANC recovery.</p

Multivariate analysis for ANC recovery in consolidation two.

<p>Multivariate analysis for ANC recovery in consolidation two.</p

Patients with higher P cell percentages possess better hematopoietic recovery.

<p>Evaluation of hematopoietic recovery in patients with different pre-chemotherapy P cell percentages (Q1groupor Q2-4 group) after consolidation chemotherapy. Times of neutropenia after the first (A) and the second (B) courses of chemotherapy were evaluated, as well as platelet (PLT) recovery time (C and D), G-CSF levels (E andF) and platelet transfusion amount (G and H). The data are shown as the means±SEM of the indicated number of patients.</p

P cell frequency declined with increasing rounds of chemotherapy.

<p>The percentage of P cells was evaluated in patients with AML before the first and second course of consolidation chemotherapy by flowcytometry. Each symbol represents a single patient, and the data are shown as the means±SEM of the indicated number of patients.1^st course: the first course of consolidation chemotherapy; 2^nd course: the second course of consolidation chemotherapy.</p