ISOLASI JAMUR SIMBION ASCIDIA Schizophyllum commune YANG MEMILIKI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI

Ascidian is a benthic invertebrate that produces secondary metabolites. The substances were produced by the ascidian as self-defense from many environmental factors. Several studies report the similar structure between the substances extracted from ascidian and symbiotic fungi with biological activities. This study aims to isolate fungi associated with ascidian Eudistoma sp., then observe its potency on inhibiting bacteria S. aureus dan A. hydrophila. PDA was used to isolate and culture fungal isolate, then extraction using solvent ethyl acetate. Antibacterial activity of this symbiotic fungi isolates extract was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Molecular identification of fungi results that the symbiotic fungi were Schizophyllum commune. The observing result showed that fungal extract has the ability on inhibiting the growth of S. aureus and with the inhibition zone 8 mm and A. hydrophila 8,5 mm.Keywords: Ascidian, Eudistoma sp., Schizophyllum commune, Symbiotic, Antibacteria

PENAMBATAN MOLEKUL GLUTATION FAUNA LAUT TERHADAP RESEPTOR DARI BEBERAPA PENYAKIT VIRUS

Glutathion is a tripeptides produced by almost all living creatures, including marine fauna such as rotifers and shrimps. Judging from the important molecular role of glutathion in living cell,  the ability of glutathion as antiviral compound, has been assed by application of the AutodockTools to predict the ability of glutathion as ligand to bind receptors of several viral diseases such as  covid-19, malaria, and hepatitis B. Docking results of glutathion toward target receptor were shown by the parameter, Gibbs energy value, and supported by other data such as the amount of hidrogen bond, amino acid residues, and bond distance. Evidently, the glutathion could bind to  each receptor of covid-19, malaria and hepatitis B, with values of  Gibbs energy (∆G), -7,9, 7,1 and -7,1 kcal/mol, respectively. This proves that glutathion has ability to bind covid-19 receptor, even stronger than its ability to bind receptors of other viral diseases, and to the remdesevir. Between glutathion and covid-19 receptor, there were 11 hidrogen bonds, with distance ranged from 2,76 to 3,25 Å. These were stronger than those between glutathion and receptors of malaria and hepatitis B, only  8 and 4 Å hidrogen bonds, respectively.  To develop glutathion as antiviral drug, it is necessary to carry out in vitro and in vivo analyses, prior to clinical test. Therefore, it requires to explore the marine fauna species that produce glutathion and their cultivation.Keywords: molecular docking, glutathion, marine fauna, autodock vina, viral diseases, binding affinit

Uji Potensi Ekstrak Kasar Teripang Laut Holothuria atra Untuk Anti Kanker Dengan Menggunakan Metode Brine Shirmp Lethality Test

The aim of this research is to test the potency of Sea cucumber crude extract Holothuria atra using the shrimp larvae Artemia salina Leach. The sample were take from waters of tateli at Minahasa District. Sample preparation and the potential test were done at biology moleculer and marien pharmacy laboratorium of Faculty of Fhiseries and Marine Science Sam Ratulangi University. The sample macerated once with ethanol for 24 hours. Extract of the sample were conentrated using rotary evaporator. Using the  Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method  with shrimp larvae Artemia salina, Leach. As the sample dry weight  of the sample is 420 g after macerated with ethanol then decreased to 18 g after evaporated. Probit analysis of larva mortalityt data as the indicator of anti-cancer potential shown the value LC5030.01 mg/l. Bioactive compounds of sea cucumber H. arta has potency to be develop as anti-cancer material. Keywords: Anti cancer, Sea cucumber, Holothuria atra, Artemia salina leach