La llegada del tren a Burgos y su desvío: transformación urbana (1831-2008). Siglo y medio después, Burgos desvía el tren

Se ha cumplido un siglo y medio de la llegada del primer tren a la ciudad de Burgos procedente de Valladolid, en 1860. Su presencia en el casco urbano condicionó y promocionó en ese tiempo el desarrollo urbano de la municipalidad. Y 148 años de la fecha de llegada del primer convoy, se produce el desvío del trazado del ferrocarril a la periferia de Burgos, dando paso a una profunda transformación urbana en el momento en el que se espera la llegada a Burgos para los próximos meses del Tren de Alta Velocidad: Todo ello encierra uno de los proyectos más trascendentes de la vida en la milenaria Cabeza de Castilla.One and a half century ago, in 1860, the arrival of the first train to Burgos city coming from Valladolid took place. Its pre - sence in the build-up area determined and promoted the urban deve - lopment of the municipality at that time. One hundred and forty years later, yhe diversion of the reilway route to the outskirts of Burgos ocurs, leading into a deep urban transformation at a moment in which the arrival of the high-speed train to Burgos is expected in the coming months. All of that involves one of the most significant projects in the life of the thousand-year-old Castille Heald

Subcutaneous anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin for prevention of disease in asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trialResearch in context

Summary: Background: Anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin (hIG) can provide standardized and controlled antibody content. Data from controlled clinical trials using hIG for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 outpatients have not been reported. We assessed the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin 20% (C19-IG20%) compared to placebo in preventing development of symptomatic COVID-19 in asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: We did a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, in asymptomatic unvaccinated adults (≥18 years of age) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection within 5 days between April 28 and December 27, 2021. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive a blinded subcutaneous infusion of 10 mL with 1 g or 2 g of C19-IG20%, or an equivalent volume of saline as placebo. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants who remained asymptomatic through day 14 after infusion. Secondary endpoints included the proportion of individuals who required oxygen supplementation, any medically attended visit, hospitalisation, or ICU, and viral load reduction and viral clearance in nasopharyngeal swabs. Safety was assessed as the proportion of patients with adverse events. The trial was terminated early due to a lack of potential benefit in the target population in a planned interim analysis conducted in December 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov registry: NCT04847141. Findings: 461 individuals (mean age 39.6 years [SD 12.8]) were randomized and received the intervention within a mean of 3.1 (SD 1.27) days from a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. In the prespecified modified intention-to-treat analysis that included only participants who received a subcutaneous infusion, the primary outcome occurred in 59.9% (91/152) of participants receiving 1 g C19-IG20%, 64.7% (99/153) receiving 2 g, and 63.5% (99/156) receiving placebo (difference in proportions 1 g C19-IG20% vs. placebo, −3.6%; 95% CI -14.6% to 7.3%, p = 0.53; 2 g C19-IG20% vs placebo, 1.1%; −9.6% to 11.9%, p = 0.85). None of the secondary clinical efficacy endpoints or virological endpoints were significantly different between study groups. Adverse event rate was similar between groups, and no severe or life-threatening adverse events related to investigational product infusion were reported. Interpretation: Our findings suggested that administration of subcutaneous human hyperimmune immunoglobulin C19-IG20% to asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection was safe but did not prevent development of symptomatic COVID-19. Funding: Grifols