56 research outputs found
Strong Anisotropy in Liquid Water upon Librational Excitation using Terahertz Laser Fields
Tracking the excitation of water molecules in the homogeneous liquid is
challenging due to the ultrafast dissipation of rotational excitation energy
through the hydrogen-bonded network. Here we demonstrate strong transient
anisotropy of liquid water through librational excitation using single-color
pump-probe experiments at 12.3 THz. We deduce a third order response of chi^3
exceeding previously reported values in the optical range by three orders of
magnitude. Using a theory that replaces the nonlinear response with a material
response property amenable to molecular dynamics simulation, we show that the
rotationally damped motion of water molecules in the librational band is
resonantly driven at this frequency, which could explain the enhancement of the
anisotropy in the liquid by the external Terahertz field. By addition of salt
(MgSO4), the hydration water is instead dominated by the local electric field
of the ions, resulting in reduction of water molecules that can be dynamically
perturbed by THz pulses
Use of the rVV10 Nonlocal Correlation Functional in the B97M-V Density Functional: Defining B97M-rV and Related Functionals
EuReCa ONE—27 Nations, ONE Europe, ONE Registry A prospective one month analysis of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes in 27 countries in Europe
AbstractIntroductionThe aim of the EuReCa ONE study was to determine the incidence, process, and outcome for out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) throughout Europe.MethodsThis was an international, prospective, multi-centre one-month study. Patients who suffered an OHCA during October 2014 who were attended and/or treated by an Emergency Medical Service (EMS) were eligible for inclusion in the study. Data were extracted from national, regional or local registries.ResultsData on 10,682 confirmed OHCAs from 248 regions in 27 countries, covering an estimated population of 174 million. In 7146 (66%) cases, CPR was started by a bystander or by the EMS. The incidence of CPR attempts ranged from 19.0 to 104.0 per 100,000 population per year. 1735 had ROSC on arrival at hospital (25.2%), Overall, 662/6414 (10.3%) in all cases with CPR attempted survived for at least 30 days or to hospital discharge.ConclusionThe results of EuReCa ONE highlight that OHCA is still a major public health problem accounting for a substantial number of deaths in Europe.EuReCa ONE very clearly demonstrates marked differences in the processes for data collection and reported outcomes following OHCA all over Europe. Using these data and analyses, different countries, regions, systems, and concepts can benchmark themselves and may learn from each other to further improve survival following one of our major health care events
Recommended from our members
Reaction kinetics of supplementary cementitious materials in reactivity tests
This work characterizes the reaction kinetics of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) with calcium hydroxide in the modified R3 test. The heat flow curves of 58 SCMs of varying reactivities were studied. Based on the heat flow curves, the SCMs were classified as more reactive, less reactive, and inert. Most of the heat flow curves in the modified R3 test exhibit, after the peak of heat flow, an initial slow decaying power-law regime that transitions into a longer and faster decaying power-law regime. The pre-exponent of the first regime depends on the initial SCM reactivity and correlates well with the 24-hour heat release in the modified R3 test, thus making it a useful metric for rapid classification of SCMs
Dynamical inversion of the energy landscape promotes non-equilibrium self-assembly of binary mixtures.
Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of liquid water using high quality meta-GGA functionals
Recommended from our members
Trials and Tribulations of a "Rookie'' Assistant Professor
Nobody chooses the academic life for the glamour and the pay. At the same time, an offer as an assistant professor at an R1 institute is statistically unlikely, and the road to tenure is tenuous at best. If you're one of the lucky few to start down this path, you may appreciate some tips for the journey
- …