Hsa-miR-125b suppresses bladder cancer development by down-regulating oncogene SIRT7 and oncogenic long non-coding RNA MALAT1

AbstractMicroRNAs mainly inhibit coding genes and long non-coding RNA expression. Here, we report that hsa-miR-125b and oncogene SIRT7/oncogenic long non-coding RNA MALAT1 were inversely expressed in bladder cancer. Hsa-miR-125b mimic down-regulated, whereas hsa-miR-125b inhibitor up-regulated the expression of SIRT7 and MALAT1. Binding sites were confirmed between hsa-miR-125b and SIRT7/MALAT1. Up-regulation of hsa-miR-125b or down-regulation of SIRT7 inhibited proliferation, motility and increased apoptosis. The effects of up-regulation of hsa-miR-125b were similar to that of silencing MALAT1 in bladder cancer as we had previously described. These data suggest that hsa-miR-125b suppresses bladder cancer development via inhibiting SIRT7 and MALAT1

Tracking nitrogen losses in a greenhouse crop rotation experiment in North China using the EU-Rotate_N simulation model

Vegetable production in China is associated with high inputs of nitrogen, posing a risk of losses to the environment. Organic matter mineralisation is a considerable source of nitrogen (N) which is hard to quantify. In a two-year greenhouse cucumber experiment with different N treatments in North China, non-observed pathways of the N cycle were estimated using the EU-Rotate_N simulation model. EU-Rotate_N was calibrated against crop dry matter and soil moisture data to predict crop N uptake, soil mineral N contents, N mineralisation and N loss. Crop N uptake (Modelling Efficiencies (ME) between 0.80 and 0.92) and soil mineral N contents in different soil layers (ME between 0.24 and 0.74) were satisfactorily simulated by the model for all N treatments except for the traditional N management. The model predicted high N mineralisation rates and N leaching losses, suggesting that previously published estimates of N leaching for these production systems strongly underestimated the mineralisation of N from organic matter

Antimicrobial peptide temporin derivatives inhibit biofilm formation and virulence factor expression of Streptococcus mutans

IntroductionTemporin-GHa obtained from the frog Hylarana guentheri showed bactericidal efficacy against Streptococcus mutans. To enhance its antibacterial activity, the derived peptides GHaR and GHa11R were designed, and their antibacterial performance, antibiofilm efficacy and potential in the inhibition of dental caries were evaluated.MethodsBacterial survival assay, fluorescent staining assay and transmission electron microscopy observation were applied to explore how the peptides inhibited and killed S. mutans. The antibiofilm efficacy was assayed by examining exopolysaccharide (EPS) and lactic acid production, bacterial adhesion and cell surface hydrophobicity. The gene expression level of virulence factors of S. mutans was detected by qRT-PCR. Finally, the impact of the peptides on the caries induced ability of S. mutans was measured using a rat caries model.ResultsIt has been shown that the peptides inhibited biofilm rapid accumulation by weakening the initial adhesion of S. mutans and reducing the production of EPS. Meanwhile, they also decreased bacterial acidogenicity and aciduricity, and ultimately prevented caries development in vivo.ConclusionGHaR and GHa11R might be promising candidates for controlling S. mutans infections

The impact of shared governance on the adverse mood of parturients with gestational hypertension and perinatal indicators of newborns

This study aimed to investigate the effect of shared governance on the adverse mood of parturients with gestational hypertension and perinatal indicators of newborns. A total of 318 patients with gestational hypertension treated in our hospital were enrolled as study subjects and were divided into a study group (200 cases) and a control group (118 cases) using double-blind, controlled and randomised methods. Before intervention, the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and Quality of Life Scale (SF-36) scores did not differ significantly between the two groups (p>.05). After intervention, the study group had lower SBP, DBP, HAMA and HAMD scores and higher SF-36 scores than the control group (p<.05). The neonates in the study group experienced a lower incidence of adverse outcomes than those in the control group (p<.05). Shared governance can regulate blood pressure and improve mood and quality of life in parturients with gestational hypertension. It can also reduce the incidence of adverse events in newborns during the perinatal period. Impact Statement What is already known on this subject? Gestational hypertension is the development of hypertension in pregnant women after 2 or 20 weeks of gestation and is characterised by headache, dizziness, nausea and swelling of the lower legs. Early intervention is key to improving maternal and neonatal prognosis. Shared governance is an emerging model of participatory decision-making in which nurses are empowered to make decisions about clinical practice standards, quality improvement, staff and professional development, and research, aiming to cultivate the patients' sense of responsibility for their health. What do the results of this study add? This study demonstrated that shared governance can regulate maternal blood pressure and improve maternal adverse mood, maternal quality of life and reduce the incidence of perinatal adverse events in the newborn, indicating the potential of shared governance and may promote the clinical application of shared governance. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? This study starts with adverse mood of parturients and perinatal outcomes of newborns, and demonstrates in detail the impact of shared governance in nursing interventions on parturients with gestational hypertension and neonates. The data are detailed and reliable, providing certain clinical references for follow-up research

Experimental Study on Wire Melting Control Ability of Twin-Body Plasma Arc

Abstract The twin-body plasma arc has the decoupling control ability of heat transfer and mass transfer, which is beneficial to shape and property control in wire arc additive manufacturing. In this paper, with the wire feeding speed as a characteristic quantity, the wire melting control ability of twin-body plasma arc was studied by adjusting the current separation ratio (under the condition of a constant total current), the wire current/main current and the position of the wire in the arc axial direction. The results showed that under the premise that the total current remains unchanged (100 A), as the current separation ratio increased, the middle and minimum melting amounts increased approximately synchronously under the effect of anode effect power, the first melting mass range remained constant; the maximum melting amount increased twice as fast as the middle melting amount under the effect of the wire feeding speed, and the second melting mass range was expanded. When the wire current increased, the anode effect power and the plasma arc power were both factors causing the increase in the wire melting amount; however, when the main current increased, the plasma arc power was the only factor causing the increase in the wire melting amount. The average wire melting increment caused by the anode effect power was approximately 2.7 times that caused by the plasma arc power. The minimum melting amount was not affected by the wire-torch distance under any current separation ratio tested. When the current separation ratio increased and reached a threshold, the middle melting amount remained constant with increasing wire-torch distance. When the current separation ratio continued to increase and reached the next threshold, the maximum melting amount remained constant with the increasing wire-torch distance. The effect of the wire-torch distance on the wire melting amount reduced with the increase in the current separation ratio. Through this study, the decoupling mechanism and ability of this innovative arc heat source is more clearly

Review of Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Large-Scale Metal Functionally Graded Materials

Functionally graded materials (FGMs), which constitute a new type of composite material, have received considerable attention in industry because of the spatial gradient of their composition and the microstructure-induced gradient in their material performance, which make them better suited for high-performance multifunctional applications. Additive manufacturing (AM) has become one of the most promising techniques for the manufacture of materials and structures because of its high flexibility. The combination of advanced materials (FGMs) and advanced manufacturing methods (AM) is expected to facilitate the further development of such engineering materials. In this paper, the definition, historical development and material gradient types of FGMs are introduced. The classification, process principle and typical research results of the AM of metal FGMs are summarized and discussed. In particular, the research status of wire and arc additive manufacture (WAAM), which is more suitable for the preparation of large-scale metal FGMs, is reviewed in detail according to the types of FGMs, and a double-wire bypass plasma arc additive manufacturing technique, which is suitable for inducing a gradient along the direction of single-pass cladding, is proposed. On the basis of this summary of the important achievements made to date, future research is proposed

Review of Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Large-Scale Metal Functionally Graded Materials

Functionally graded materials (FGMs), which constitute a new type of composite material, have received considerable attention in industry because of the spatial gradient of their composition and the microstructure-induced gradient in their material performance, which make them better suited for high-performance multifunctional applications. Additive manufacturing (AM) has become one of the most promising techniques for the manufacture of materials and structures because of its high flexibility. The combination of advanced materials (FGMs) and advanced manufacturing methods (AM) is expected to facilitate the further development of such engineering materials. In this paper, the definition, historical development and material gradient types of FGMs are introduced. The classification, process principle and typical research results of the AM of metal FGMs are summarized and discussed. In particular, the research status of wire and arc additive manufacture (WAAM), which is more suitable for the preparation of large-scale metal FGMs, is reviewed in detail according to the types of FGMs, and a double-wire bypass plasma arc additive manufacturing technique, which is suitable for inducing a gradient along the direction of single-pass cladding, is proposed. On the basis of this summary of the important achievements made to date, future research is proposed

Cross-country health inequalities of four common nutritional deficiencies among children, 1990 to 2019: data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Abstract Background Nutritional deficiencies remain serious medical and public health issues worldwide, especially in children. This study aims to analyze cross-country inequality in four common nutritional deficiencies (protein-energy malnutrition, dietary iron deficiency, vitamin A deficiency and iodine deficiency) among children from 1990 to 2019 based on Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 data. Methods Prevalence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) data as measures of four nutritional deficiency burdens in people aged 0 to 14 years were extracted from the GBD Results Tool. We analyzed temporal trends in prevalence by calculating the average annual percent change (AAPC) and quantified cross-country inequalities in disease burden using the slope index. Results Globally, the age-standardized prevalence rates of dietary iron deficiency, vitamin A deficiency and iodine deficiency decreased, with AAPCs of -0.14 (-0.15 to -0.12), -2.77 (-2.96 to -2.58), and -2.17 (-2.3 to -2.03) from 1999 to 2019, respectively. Significant reductions in socio-demographic index (SDI)-related inequality occurred in protein-energy malnutrition and vitamin A deficiency, while the health inequality for dietary iron deficiency and iodine deficiency remained basically unchanged. The age-standardized prevalence and DALY rates of the four nutritional deficiencies decreased as the SDI and healthcare access and quality index increased. Conclusions The global burden of nutritional deficiency has decreased since 1990, but cross-country health inequalities still exist. More efficient public health measures are needed to reduce disease burdens, particularly in low-SDI countries/territories