More converts into Rasmussen? Impact of a story-based animation on systems safety

More converts into Rasmussen? Impact of a story-based animation on systems safet

SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL

<p>Primer sequences used in “<b>Analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequence and copy number variation across five high-altitude species and their low-altitude relatives</b>” Rui Liu, Long Jin, Keren Long, Qianzi Tang, Jideng Ma, Xun Wang, Li Zhu, An’an Jiang, Guoqing Tang, Yanzhi Jiang, Xuewei Li, and Mingzhou Li</p

DRG neurons viability (compared with traditional method).

<p>Data are means ± SEM. (n = 5). No significantly difference was observed in cell viability between new method and traditional method. (Dunnett's test; P>0.05). At the end of 7 d culture period the vast majority of DRG neurons also remained viable, as evidenced by the high level of Trypan blue exclusion in all culture conditions.</p

The activity of urease (URE) and its influence on ∑8PAHs degradation by five plant species over different time periods.

<p>The error bars indicate the standard deviation of the means (<i>n</i> = 3). Symbols *, ** and *** indicate significant differences at <i>p</i> levels < 0.1, 0.05 and 0.01, respectively. (Different letters denote different periods: 60 days (a), 120 days (b) and 150 days (c).)</p

Phase contrast images of DRG purification and myelination.

<p>(A) DRG cultures at 24 h before adding antimitotic reagents cocktail, black arrow show DRG neurons, white arrowhead show non-neurons cells; (B) DRG cultures 72 h without high dose antimitotic reagent cocktail treatment, Schwann cell associated with neuritis (arrow) and other big flat non-neuron cells migrated out and grew between neuritis (arrowhead); (C) DRG cultures at 7 day without cocktail treatment, Schwann cell and other non-neuron cell formed a cellular lawn (white star) with DRG neurons sitting on them; (D) DRG cultures 72 h after cocktail treatment, abundant neurites and neurons were observed, dead non-neuron cell debris (black arrow) floating in the medium; (E) DRG cultures at 7 day after cocktail treatment, a pure DRG population without dead non-neuron cells established, single or small cluster of DRG neurons showed typical morphologies with no signs of damage, clean neurites without non-neuron cells (black star); (F) Cocktail treated DRG cultures 14 days after seeding Schwann cells and initiating myelination with ascorbic acid, abundant mature myelin had formed (arrow). Scale bar 50 µm.</p

The removal rate of PAHs after 60 days, 120 days, and 150 days.

<p>The error bars indicate the standard deviation of the means (<i>n</i> = 3).</p

Rapid Chromatographic Separation of Dissoluble Ag(I) and Silver-Containing Nanoparticles of 1–100 Nanometer in Antibacterial Products and Environmental Waters

Sensitive and rapid methods for speciation analysis of nanoparticulate Ag (NAg) and Ag­(I) in complex matrices are urgently needed for understanding the environmental effects and biological toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Herein we report the development of a universal liquid chromatography (LC) method for rapid and high resolution separation of dissoluble Ag­(I) from nanoparticles covering the entire range of 1–100 nm in 5 min. By using a 500 Å poresize amino column, and an aqueous mobile phase containing 0.1% (v/v) FL-70 (a surfactant) and 2 mM Na₂S₂O₃ at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min, all the nanoparticles of various species such as Ag and Ag₂S were eluted in one fraction, while dissoluble Ag­(I) was eluted as a baseline separated peak. The dissoluble Ag­(I) was quantified by the online coupled ICP-MS with a detection limit of 0.019 μg/L. The NAg was quantified by subtracting the dissoluble Ag­(I) from the total Ag content, which was determined by ICP-MS after digestion of the sample without LC separation. While the addition of FL-70 and Na₂S₂O₃ into the mobile phase is essential to elute NAg and Ag­(I) from the column, the use of 500 Å poresize column is the key to baseline separation of Ag­(I) from ∼1 nm AgNPs. The feasibility of the proposed method was demonstrated in speciation analysis of dissoluble Ag­(I) and NAg in antibacterial products and environmental waters, with very good chromatographic repeatability (relative standard deviations) in both peak area (<2%) and retention time (<0.6%), excellent spiked recoveries in the range of 84.7–102.7% for Ag­(I) and 81.3–106.3% for NAg. Our work offers a novel approach to rapid and baseline separation of dissoluble metal ions from their nanoparticulate counterparts covering the whole range of 1–100 nm

The activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and its influence on ∑8PAHs degradation by five plant species over different time periods.

<p>The error bars indicate the standard deviation of the means (<i>n</i> = 3). Symbols *, ** and *** indicate significant differences at <i>p</i> levels < 0.1, 0.05 and 0.01, respectively. (Different letters denote different periods: 60 days (a), 120 days (b) and 150 days (c).)</p

The activity of dehydrogenase (DHO) and its influence on ∑8PAHs degradation by five plant species over different time periods.

<p>The error bars indicate the standard deviation of the means (<i>n</i> = 3). Symbols *, ** and *** indicate significant differences at <i>p</i> levels < 0.1, 0.05 and 0.01, respectively. (Different letters denote different periods: 60 days (a), 120 days (b) and 150 days (c).)</p

The survival of DRG neurons and non-neuronal cells after cocktail treatment.

<p>(A–F) The immunocytochemistry for DRG neurons and non-neuron cells (on day 4). A–C: non-neuron cells (include all the S100⁺, P75 NRT⁺ and fibronect⁺ cells); Scale bar 10 µm; D–E: DRG neurons (include the NF-100⁺ and tuj 1⁺ cells); Scale bar 50 µm. F. The survival of DRG neurons and non-neuronal cells after cocktail treatment. Cell survival assessed as mean cells counts per well after 1, 7, 10 days culture. Data are means ± SEM. (n = 3). (Dunnett's test; P>0.05).</p