2 research outputs found
Thickness-Dependent Binding Energy Shift in Few-Layer MoS<sub>2</sub> Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition
The thickness-dependent
surface states of MoS<sub>2</sub> thin films grown by the chemical
vapor deposition process on the SiO<sub>2</sub>–Si substrates
are investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Raman and high-resolution
transmission electron microscopy suggest the thicknesses of MoS<sub>2</sub> films to be ranging from 3 to 10 layers. Both the core levels
and valence band edges of MoS<sub>2</sub> shift downward ∼0.2
eV as the film thickness increases, which can be ascribed to the Fermi
level variations resulting from the surface states and bulk defects.
Grainy features observed from the atomic force microscopy topographies,
and sulfur-vacancy-induced defect states illustrated at the valence
band spectra imply the generation of surface states that causes the
downward band bending at the n-type MoS<sub>2</sub> surface. Bulk
defects in thick MoS<sub>2</sub> may also influence the Fermi level
oppositely compared to the surface states. When Au contacts with our
MoS<sub>2</sub> thin films, the Fermi level downshifts and the binding
energy reduces due to the hole-doping characteristics of Au and easy
charge transfer from the surface defect sites of MoS<sub>2</sub>.
The shift of the onset potentials in hydrogen evolution reaction and
the evolution of charge-transfer resistances extracted from the impedance
measurement also indicate the Fermi level varies with MoS<sub>2</sub> film thickness. The tunable Fermi level and the high chemical stability
make our MoS<sub>2</sub> a potential catalyst. The observed thickness-dependent
properties can also be applied to other transition-metal dichalcogenides
(TMDs), and facilitates the development in the low-dimensional electronic
devices and catalysts
Ultraefficient Ultraviolet and Visible Light Sensing and Ohmic Contacts in High-Mobility InSe Nanoflake Photodetectors Fabricated by the Focused Ion Beam Technique
A photodetector
using a two-dimensional (2D) low-direct band gap
indium selenide (InSe) nanostructure fabricated by the focused ion
beam (FIB) technique has been investigated. The FIB-fabricated InSe
photodetectors with a low contact resistance exhibit record high responsivity
and detectivity to the ultraviolet and visible lights. The optimal
responsivity and detectivity up to 1.8 × 10<sup>7</sup> A W<sup>–1</sup> and 1.1 × 10<sup>15</sup> Jones, respectively,
are much higher than those of the other 2D material-based photoconductors
and phototransistors. Moreover, the inherent photoconductivity (PC)
quantified by the value of normalized gain has also been discussed
and compared. By excluding the contribution of artificial parameters,
the InSe nanoflakes exhibit an ultrahigh normalized gain of 3.2 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>–1</sup>, which is several orders of magnitude
higher than those of MoS<sub>2</sub>, GaS, and other layer material
nanostructures. A high electron mobility at room temperature reaching
450 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>–1</sup> s<sup>–1</sup> has
been confirmed to be one of the major causes of the inherent superior
PC in the InSe nanoflakes. The oxygen-sensitized PC mechanism that
enhances carrier lifetime and carrier collection efficiency has also
been proposed. This work demonstrates the devices fabricated by the
FIB technique using InSe nanostructures for highly efficient broad-band
optical sensing and light harvesting, which is critical for development
of the 2D material-based ultrathin flexible optoelectronics