Co-agglutination of different leptospiral serogroups in cattle, goats, humans and rodents in the Katavi region, Tanzania.

<p>Co-agglutination of different leptospiral serogroups in cattle, goats, humans and rodents in the Katavi region, Tanzania.</p

Additional file 2: of Human leptospirosis in Tanzania: sequencing and phylogenetic analysis confirm that pathogenic Leptospira species circulate among agro-pastoralists living in Katavi-Rukwa ecosystem

DNA sequences of pathgenic species identified from this study. (DOCX 14 kb

Prevalence of leptospiral antibodies in different species of rodents and shrews in the Katavi region, Tanzania.

<p>Prevalence of leptospiral antibodies in different species of rodents and shrews in the Katavi region, Tanzania.</p

Seroprevalence of different leptospiral serogroups in cattle, goats, humans and rodents in the Katavi region, Tanzania.

<p>Seroprevalence of different leptospiral serogroups in cattle, goats, humans and rodents in the Katavi region, Tanzania.</p

Map of the Katavi region showing the distribution of leptospiral serogroups in humans, domestic and wild animals and rodents.

<p>The inset is a map of Tanzania showing the study area.</p

Map of the Katavi region showing the geographical distribution of leptospiral antibodies based on MAT results.

<p>The inset is a map of Tanzania showing the study area.</p

Men's and women's disease risks from livestock likely differ: men have occasional, but intense contact with sick animals (left), while women have regular, close contact with animals, particularly poultry and lactating cows and goats (right).

<p>(Photo credit: M. Kock-Wildlife Conservation Society).</p

The local and global influences impacting human health, including the interdependence of people, animals, plants, and the environment, and the associated food and water availability, safety, and security.

<p>(Graphic artist credit: A. Kent).</p

Map of the HALI Project study site in the Ruaha ecosystem, Tanzania.

<p>(Graphic artist credit: A. Kent).</p

Case definitions for study inclusion: Acute human leptospirosis and confirmed animal carrier hosts.

<p>Footnotes</p><p>* Culture in any of the following media: Ellinghausen-McCullough-Johnson-Harris (+/- 5’Fluorouracil), Fletcher, Korthoff, Stuart, Vervoot or Noguchi culture media.</p><p>Case definitions for study inclusion: Acute human leptospirosis and confirmed animal carrier hosts.</p