Gesundheitspolitik heute - Paradigma und Paradoxon?

Das österreichische Gesundheitssystem ist seit einem halben Jahrhundert einem permanenten Wandel ausgesetzt, der sowohl gesundheitspolitische Paradigmen aber auch das Verständnis für Gesundheitspolitik transformiert hat. So mutierte das Gesundheitswesen von einer allgemeinen Krankenversorgung zu einem enorm komplexen und auch in transparenten Wirtschaftsfaktor, dessen Netzwerk an Akteuren immer dichter wird. Sowohl auf staatlicher als auch auf nicht-staatlicher Ebene heißt die Devise: Thesen konstruieren, eruieren und politische Reformen korrigieren. Sowohl sozioökonomische und auch soziodemographische Einflüsse werden statistisch verwendet um zu verifizieren, ob gesundheitspolitische Agenden erfolgreich greifen. Mittels einer vergleichenden Politikfeldanalyse, beeinflusst von „health impact assessment“ Kriterien wurde analysiert

The Taylor-Couette Disc Contactor, a novel gas-liquid multiphase contactor

Industrial separation and reaction processes mostly require more than one phase. Defined phase contact of solids (S), liquids (L), and gases (G) forms the physical backbone regarding process intensification and optimization. Novel reactor and contactor design for liquid-liquid operations in the Taylor-Couette Disc Contactor (TCDC) serve in optimizing the contact of two phases as for example in bubble columns or liquid-liquid extraction columns [1]. The Taylor-Couette Disc Contactor combines the advantages of a Taylor-Couette reactor (TCR) and a Rotating disc contactor (RDC). The toroidal Taylor vortexes are stabilized with rotor discs. This geometric design was optimized by CFD simulation and resulted in TCDC design recommendations [2]. The main differences between the RDC and the TCDC are that the TCDC does not need stator rings. The increased rotor disc and shaft diameter combined with optimal compartment height is sufficient to decrease axial backmixing in a stable flow regime without the presence of stator rings. The prevention of hydraulic deadzones due to missing static internals provides ideal conditions to process additional phases like solids or gases. In this work, stable and continuous operation up to four phases has been performed in a TCDC column and proofs the suitability for defined, stable multiphase contact in the TCDC.DiV4-(04) page 1DiV4-(04) page 4

Gas/Liquid Operations in the Taylor-Couette Disc Contactor: Continuous Chemisorption of CO₂

Gas/liquid contactors are widely used in chemical and biotechnological applications. The selection and design of bubble-column-type gas/liquid contactors requires knowledge about the gas distributor design to provide appropriate gas flow patterns. This study presents the continuous chemisorption of CO2 in 0.1 molar sodium hydroxide solution in a counter currently operated gas/liquid Taylor-Couette disc contactor (TCDC). This vertical-column-type contactor is a multi-stage agitated gas/liquid contactor. The performance of a lab-size TCDC contactor in gas/liquid mass transfer operations was investigated. The apparatus design was adjusted for gas/liquid operations by installing perforated rotor discs to provide a rotational-speed-dependent dispersed gas phase holdup in the column. The parameters of dispersed gas phase holdup, volumetric mass transfer coefficient and residence time distribution were measured. In the first step, hydraulic characterization was performed. Then, the efficiency in gas/liquid operations was investigated by continuous neutralization of 0.1 molar sodium hydroxide with a gas mixture of 30 vol% CO2 and 70 vol% N2. Temperature, rotational speed and gas flow rate were varied. The desired pH value of pH 9 at the column outlet was kept constant by adjusting the sodium hydroxide feed. From the experimental results, the volume-based liquid-side mass transfer coefficient kLa was deduced in order to model the reaction according to the two-film theory over the column height. The CSTR cascade model fitted the experimental data best. The experimental results confirm stable and efficient reactive gas/liquid contact in the Taylor-Couette disc contactor