National Debt Management and the Lengthening of Debt Maturities in the 1970s of the U.S.A. (I)

© MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. The current economic growth rate in the Republic of Tatarstan cannot serve as the only progress and welfare index of the region. This can be due to the fact that the continual economic growth of public welfare caused a number of adverse effects, such as environmental disorder, social strain intensification, etc. that is why it is necessary to reinforce another measure of our further well-being. This article specificates a particular criterion, forming part of the integral “life quality” rate, i.e. the expected life expectancy at birth. To complete this task a profound scientific research at a regional level is required. This article presents results of an analysis of life expectancy rate at birth as a way to evaluate life quality in the Republic of Tatarstan. The research results show that there is a territorial and gender disparity. The authors make this fact conditional on job distinctive features, unhealthy lifestyle, carelessness which leads to disregard one’s own health. So, they suggest including this rate as an indicative one while assessing the heads of the Republic of Tatarstan municipal units. This research aims to assess life quality from the perspective of life expectancy at birth. This work presents a monitoring of expected lifespan for the Republic of Tatarstan population as compared to other regions of the Volga Region Federal District. It also considers the situation within the republic at a municipal level. Practical implementation of the recommendations drawn up in the course of the research will promote development of a reasonable regional programme to maintain and improve public welfare. This research is based on traditional methods: cartographical (methodologically founded on subject and complex mapping and advances in geoinformation technologies), comparative and descriptive, spatial analysis method and the statistical one. Processing and analysis of fact sheets was carried out with the help of special geoinformation, cartographic and statistic software

Geodemographic polarization processes: Municipal level (The case of the Kukmorsky municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan)

The global population and settlement processes have recently had a significant impact on the social and economic development of the region and its competitiveness. Therefore the areas of the concurrent use of the cartographic and mathematical methods to describe the settlement processes continue attracting attention. The gravity model of settlement, which reflects the polarization processes at the municipal level has been built and presented in this article. © IDOSI Publications, 2014

Complexity of positioning in tourism as the basis of its sustainable development

© Medwell Journals, 2016.In this study, the difficulties of positioning of tourist potential and the creation of positive tourist image reveal. The main problems of positioning are allocated and also the need of creation of positive image for a sustainable development of the sphere of tourism is shown

Differentiation of the territory of tatarstan republic into zones due to their significance for domestic and national and international tourism

© MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. Tourism has an advantageous multiplier effect and severs as an accelerator of the social-economic development. Using a method of a component analysis the most significant indexes for differentiation of territory of Republic Tatarstan with purposes of recreation and tourism were detected. Map - models were constructed and by their superposition the integrated map of a recreational potential of Tatar Republic was obtained and the attractive areas for rest and tourism were detected

The historic city of the tatarstan republic as the basis for regional tourism cluster

Authors offered a hypothesis that influence of a tourist cluster on regional economy will depend, first of all, on efficiency of its organization and functioning. Layout and spatial (territorial) organization and placement of a cluster objects becomes a key factor. Use of such approach to the territorial organization of a tourist cluster allows solving problems of the tourist cluster spatial and territorial design, as well as optimizing placement of the cluster enterprises. The most numerous group of city settlements in a pattern are small cities. In turn it is the steady category which is also a necessary element of domestic "city frame". In article the city is considered by authors as object of possible tourist and recreational activities, studying it is performed in the model in which the urban environment appears in the form of the "polarized landscape" diagram by B. B. Rodoman. As a result of the conducted research were selected: Prikazansky complex tourist cluster (Arsk, Kazan, Laishevo, Sviyazhsk), Kama tourist cluster (Yelabuga, Mendeleevsk, Menzelinsk, Mamadysh, Chistopol), Zakamsky tourist cluster (Bugulma, Leninogorsk, Almetyevsk), Bulgarian tourist cluster (Bulgar, Tetyusha)

Cluster analysis in tourism development

© Medwell Journals, 2016.The concepts of an image, state, region and cities turned out to be an effective instrument in the tourist industry since it handles these concepts. Tourism has an advantageous multiplier effect and serves as an accelerator of the social-economic development. As the social development is taking place within the territory and the change of the functional status of territories and cities' image is an all-around and continuous process, the evaluation of cities' role in the touristic attraction of the region is an urgent task. Holding the 27th World Summer Universiade in Kazan in 2013, the decision to hold the World Aquatics Championships in 2015, the football World Cup in 2018 raised an event attraction of tourist and recreational complex in the republic of Tatarstan as evidenced by the statistics and the increasing tourist interest in our republic. However, spatial differentiation is observed within the country, the evaluation of which is the subject of this research

Prospects for the use of natural monuments with the development of new tourism destinations in the region (On the republic tatarstan example)

Today, there are problems associated with the need to preserve the natural and geographical landscape of the Republic of Tatarstan, with the disclosure and promotion of the tourism and recreational potential, as well as of the development of environmental education among all segments of the population. In this regard, there arose an urgent need to develop and to pay particular attention to the promotion of the unique nature of Tatarstan. Among the methods used in the study a comparative analytical and scientific synthesis occupies an important place. This paper shows the diversity and characteristics of natural monuments of the Republic of Tatarstan. We have determined the tourist and recreational potential (Gabdrakhmanov N.K., Vladimir, Rubtzov; Marat, Mustafin, 2014, p.247-253; Gabdrakhmanov N.K., Roshko, Mikhail, 2014, p.267-271) of the natural monuments of an individual region of Russia. We have assessed the prospects for the use of natural monuments with the development of new tourism destinations in the republic. In this paper, we have conducted a spatial analysis of the distribution and development of natural monuments in the region, identified natural monuments with the greatest tourist potential, analyzed some of the historical events that had contributed to the creation of natural monuments and determined their diversity. Unlocking the potential of natural monuments allows achieving a significant growth of tourist flows into the country and implementing various activities aimed at preservation of natural and landscaped areas. This development will enable a vast multilingual audience to read and join in the project of conservation of the native nature, to look from the new position at one of the economically emerging and well-known in the international arena huge republic. The development of this area will be also relevant for the youth of the Republic of Tatarstan in the implementation of the Republican target environmental education strengthening programme

Ethnic peculiarities of the development of the birth rate in the republic of Tatarstan

© Medwell Journals, 2016.The study shows the main factors affecting the birth rate of the population. It demonstrates the birth rate effect on the formation of a new demographic situation in the republic. The research devoted to the description of birth rate difference between the most numerous nationalities presented in Tatarstan, Russians and Tatars. Analysis of data of ethnic origin born in the second half of the 20th century has shown an annual excess of the share of newly born Tatars in the total number of newly born. This indirectly confirms the traditionaly higher birth rate of Tatars until the end of the 20th century. This difference is especially noticeable in rural areas. Based on the results of the 2010 census, we analyzed the ethnic composition of population in the Republic of Tatarstan. The birth rate of the population was studied, not only at the republic level, in total but also at the level of municipal districts within Tatarstan. The current trends of demographic development of the population of Tatarstan were defined. Among the most important ones, it is necessary to highlight the convergence of demographic behavior of the population of different nationalities (especially, Russians and Tatars). In study, we have demonstrated the dynamics of births on the national composition of population as in the region in general as separately for urban and rural areas. The schedule allows to reveal the dynamics of the natural increase of the population of the Republic of Tatarstan

Determination of the development potential of urban territories on the basis of integrated assessment of the social-ecomomic zoning by the example of the city of Kazan

© 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved. State city-planning policy and management should provide favorable conditions of human life and society through, in particular, integrated programs (projects) of development that determine the problems and priorities of the area under study. Functional zoning scheme is the starting point of design and planning decisions. In this work the potential of urban areas is considered on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of the city of Kazan

Methodological issues of monetary valuation of natural resources

© Medwell Journals, 2016.In conditions of formation of market relations the active application of economic methods of influence on the use of natural resources and the environment becomes an important issue. This activity is the part of the state regulation of the economy. And the task of environmental economics is not reduced to the preparation and maximization of economic benefits in this area. Natural environment is an independent value and in modern conditions the society must use natural resources rationally and efficiently and protect the environment (the so-called existence value)