Applying FRAM to the construction of concrete frame structures

So far the FRAM has been applied to different sectors of high risk and complexity such as aviation, including air traffic control, health care, nuclear power plants, chemical and petrochemical industry, railways, maritime sector... obtaining very positive results, which have led to an improvement in safety management in them. However, its application to the construction sector has not yet been developed in depth. In the European Union, the construction sector is the sector with the highest number of accidents, so safety in construction is a priority. Structures construction is one of the most hazardous construction phases or activities. For this reason, the project "Composite Leading Indicators for the improvement of the resilience of occupational safety, in the activities of design and execution of structures" (BIA2016-79270-P) aims to improve the management and monitoring of occupational safety in these activities using novel vision of Safety II developed by the Resilience Engineering. In this way, the FRAM approach has been applied to know the work-as-done, that is, to identify the adjustments and variability of daily performance. For this purpose, observations and interviews at the place of work have been carried out. With the information collected and the help of the FRAM Model Visualiser (FMV) the functions of the FRAM model have been defined. Thus, the FRAM analysis for the construction of concrete frame structures is presented. Based on these results, leading indicators will be designed to monitor and control these activities adequately in the next phase of the project.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.We wish to thank the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for financing the project BIA2016-79270-P, of which this study is part. It is also important to acknowledge the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports of the Government of Spain for it support through the predoctoral program (FPU 2016/03298)

Co-operation between projects: Improving resilience in waste transports (FIOH)-ASSESS-RE-TOOL (LIMASA-UMA_UDSDNFII)

This is a proposal of co-operation between two studies funded by SAF€RA. The objectives and methods of both studies are briefly presented here. FIOH study focuses the preparedness of workers and organizations in waste transportation to the possible unwanted events and about the ability to maintain the preparedness. Being prepared for disruptions and changes helps reacting and continuing working without causing any extra delays and this preparedness increases safety, health and wellbeing of workers, which also improves the profitability of the company. When workers are able to react already for weak signals which may cause unwanted events in their work, this improves their ability in concentrating their actual task which improves their health, safety and empowering, as well as ability of continuing their operations regardless of the outcomes of unwanted events. FIOH study will be performed in co-operation with two waste transportation organizations. The study consists of three different phases: 1) present state analysis which will be performed by analyzing data of unwanted events, and observation and interviews, and 2) questionnaire and interviews which will focus on waste transport workers’ reaction for sudden changes and outcomes, and 3) further developing a tool for workplaces. The tool aims to increase the ability of identifying possible future threats by noticing weak signals for unwanted events. ASSESS-RE-TOOL aims to develop a model to simulate prior to decision making, the impact of management actions on health and safety in the potential of the Resilience Engineering for solid waste treatment SME’s, to promote a Health and Safety culture change process. To do so, RE assessment methods from the literature will be identified and previously analyzed and in any case the quantitative method developed by Shirali et al (2013) will be applied, in order to design an improved method adapted to a SME in the field of MSW, and then permitting the users to design a safety culture change process. Afterwards, this tool will be developed in computer programming support for ease of use. ASSESS-RE-TOOL will be developed in LIMASA, through questionnaires filling. This project will include several phases: 1) Present state analysis will be run in relation to the identification in depth of assessment methods of occupational health safety management systems. 2) Checklists filling in LIMASA and in Living Lab in Italy by Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Environmental Center, in waste treatment tasks, included data analysis. 3) Simulation method validation and software tool programming to implement model in waste management SME´s.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Occupational Health and safety management in Olive Oil Mills

This paper aims at examining the occupational accident rate, and OHS Management, in the olive oil mill industry in Spain. Our study analyses all occupational accidents which occurred during 2004-2009, with or without sick leave, at 90 Andalusian olive oil mills. Besides, after visits, inspections and interviews carried out in three olive oil mills, we design a pilot questionnaire, and interview 34 olive oil mills, then we drew up a questionnaire to 150 more with the collaboration of the Labor Authority, during the two-year research period, 2009–2010. Regarding the results, according to the Specific Physical Activity (onwards SPA), 33.78% took place when the worker was walking, running, going up or down, etc. In relation to the material agent associated with SPA, highlights the stairs and surfaces in general (20%). Regard to the deviation from the normal performance of the SPA we obtained: fall from height (12.16%) and fall (15%). The most frequent injuries were sprains, twists, luxations and subluxations (29%). As for the description of the circumstances of the injury or wound, we obtained overexertion and excessive physical effort (25%), crashing onto or against something as a result of a fall on the part of the worker (22%). The main characteristic of this industry are: fluctuations in activity and staff throughout the year, changes in shifts work, the widespread use of extraction systems continuous and the high level of noise generated and the lack of order and cleaning. Three quarters of the companies have someone in charge of liaising with the outsourced prevention services, in most cases an administrative clerk. Most of the olive oil mills have an Occupational Risk Prevention Plan. However, management policies fail to meet some important requirements adequately, such as those concerning noise exposure risk, emergency measures, etc.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

¿Está Safety I agotado? Hacia Safety II, aprendiendo de lo que hacemos bien

Tradicionalmente la seguridad laboral ha tenido un carácter reactivo y se ha centrado en las "cosas que salen mal" como son accidentes, incidentes o fallos. Además, los modelos de accidentes que han servido de base a la gestión de la seguridad y tenían un enfoque lineal y causal, ya fuera simple o complejo. Sin embargo, hoy día las organizaciones han incrementado notablemente su complejidad convirtiéndose en sistemas socio-técnicos complejos donde las relaciones ya no son lineales. En este contexto, nace la Ingeniería de la Resiliencia como un nuevo paradigma de la gestión de la seguridad que redefine el concepto de seguridad tradicional conocido como Safety-I y apuesta por un enfoque proactivo de la seguridad, denominado como Safety-II. La Safety-II se centra en las "cosas que salen bien", es decir, en el éxito diario y pretende ayudar a las organizaciones y los trabajadores a fortalecer su resiliencia en el desempeño para ser capaces de responder tanto a eventos esperados como inesperados.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Evaluation and comparison of selected methodologies to investigate occupational accidents.

Este artículo se desarrolló en el contexto del Plan Nacional de I+D+i, de referencia PID2020-114502GB-I00 denominado “Complejidad y resiliencia: un enfoque sistémico para la monitorización y mejora de la gestión de la seguridad en la construcción” financiado por el MINECO MINECO (Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital), desde el 1 de septiembre de 2021 hasta la actualidad, cuyo investigador principal es Juan Carlos Rubio Romero, siendo yo investigador en este proyecto. He liderado la elaboración del artículo como primer autor y autor de correspondencia participando en todas sus tareasANTECEDENTES: La elección de la metodología "adecuada" para llevar a cabo el proceso de investigación de accidentes laborales no es una tarea fácil. Cada metodología tiene unas características conceptuales y prácticas diferentes. La elección dependerá en gran medida del modelo conceptual de accidente que se utilice. OBJETIVO: El objetivo de este estudio ha sido evaluar y comparar un conjunto de nueve metodologías reconocidas como las más utilizadas en el campo de la investigación de accidentes laborales. MÉTODOS: Para ello, se utilizan seis criterios de evaluación ya aplicados y validados por la comunidad científica, con un claro énfasis en el carácter holístico de estas metodologías. RESULTADOS: Los resultados muestran un análisis detallado de las características conceptuales, metodológicas y prácticas de las nueve metodologías de investigación de accidentes laborales seleccionadas. Se presenta el marco conceptual de cada una de las metodologías, sus características holísticas en cuanto a si cubren el ciclo completo de la información y su posible interrelación, la fiabilidad y validez de las metodologías, la experiencia requerida para su aplicación, la flexibilidad en cuanto a poder ser utilizadas en diferentes entornos de trabajo y finalmente la capacidad de la metodología para motivar la mejora organizativa. CONCLUSIONES: De este estudio se desprende que el análisis de la investigación de accidentes de trabajo se hace cada vez más necesario emplear metodologías científicas con un claro enfoque proactivo para hacer frente a los retos de los cambiantes sistemas socio-técnico

A comparison of occupational accidents in the manufacturing and construction sector through data mining techniques

This study tries to analyze the most common causes and the variables with the greatest influence on the occurrence of occupational accidents in Spain. Specifically, it focuses on the two sectors with the highest incidence rate in oc- cupational accidents in our country, the construction and the manufacturing sec- tors. The objective of this study is to find out what relationships exist between the accidents that occur in both sectors, trying to find similarities and differences. These relationships may be useful to understand them and to be able to take more effective actions in order to prevent accidents in the future. To address the mentioned objective, a database provided by the Ministry of Labor and Social Economy, which contains all the accidents registered in the Delt@ system of the ministry from 2009 to 2018 has been used. After exploring the database, several variables have been analyzed with the data mining technique of decision trees. Throughout the study, obtained results provide useful information for both sectors and might be useful for decision-makers when making decisions

Analysis of Required Investigations of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Spain

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are the most common source of occupational health problems in Western countries. In Spain, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) can be reported either as accidents or occupational diseases. When reported as an occupational disease, a full diagnosis is performed, as the compensation system needs the approval of the social security authority and a mandatory investigation has to be performed. Although many methods are available for investigating the causes of occupational accidents, occupational diseases have not been analysed with the same depth, and there is a lack of investigation methods. This paper aims to analyse the role of 43 occupational investigations of causes of musculoskeletal diseases in the prevention cycle. This study is based on the occupational investigations performed by workplaces’ occupational health and safety specialists when musculoskeletal diseases are reported. The analysis of the data involves descriptive statistics and the Φ coeffcient. Based on administrative data, 68 workplaces employing 15,260 workers were surveyed and 41 workplaces with 13,201 workers submitted valid questionnaires to be analysed. The most frequent cause of reported musculoskeletal disease, in terms of primary risk, is repetitive movement. The only proposed measure with a significant association to the exposure by repetitive movements is job rotation (alternating workers between tasks within a job or between activities as a means to vary different levels of exposure). The investigation of occupational diseases has been useful in most of the cases for proposing preventive measures. Most of the workplaces surveyed have performed investigations and adopted preventive measures, but the managers of some workplaces were not aware of any disease notification regarding their workers when surveyed. More research is needed to provide tools for this important task

El Técnico de Prevención como profesión regulada (I)

Permiso del editor al autor para publicar la versión pdf editorial. Revista no contenida en Dulcinea ni en Sherpa/RomeoCon la aprobación del Real Decreto 1837/2008, se incluyeron entre las profesiones reguladas en España dos nuevas profesiones para el desempeño de las funciones preventivas de nivel intermedio y superior. En la primera parte de este artículo se pretende aclarar el concepto de profe sión regulada y las condiciones que habrían de darse para que éstas sean reconocidas a todos los efectos, en la segunda parte se propondrá las alternativas para la creación de una titulación oficial universitaria “habilitante” para el desempeño de las funciones correspondiente a la nueva profesión de Técnico de Prevención (Nivel Superior)

Overall Introduction to the Framework of BIM-based Digital Twinning in Decision- making in Safety Management in Building Construction Industry

There is a growing impact of digitalization on the management processes in the construction industry. This trend enhances changes in decision-making related to the Occupational Health and Safety. This paper aims to study the Building Information Modelling (BIM) and digital twin technology integration within the decision-making processes related to safety management in building construction industry. Considering the complexity of the occupational health and safety management, the decision- making processes and operational performance in this field requires special emphasis on communication, data gathering and feedback organization-wide. As technologies advanced and flexible enough, the BIM-based digital twinning provides an opportunity to give decision-making support in the scope of complex situations and comprehensive data management of construction projects. Through the real-time interfaces and the users´ information sharing BIM-based digital twinning is a big step in the direction of safety management based on predictive analysis, all users/workers inclusion and smart assets optimization and assessment of the decision-making processes at all operational levels. As the application of BIM methods is widely spread along the whole cycle of building construction from the project definition till the post-execution inspection, the correct and predictive data collection from BIM and its´ 3D visualization through digital twins stand out as a significative progress in prevention of risks through the safety planning and simulation. This collaborative safety planning and predictive risk awareness within construction the projects are to become the starting points to combining general technical planning with novel safety management functions. Through scoping literature review the study of emergent technologies application for the occupational health and safety in BIM- related construction projects has been carried out

El Técnico de Prevención (Nivel Superior) ¿profesión regulada? ¿grado o posgrado?

Congreso ORP 2014 celebrado en Zaragoza, 21 a 23 de Mayo de 2014Con la entrada en vigor del Real Decreto 39/1997, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de los Servicios de Prevención podría decirse que irrumpió con fuerza en el mercado laboral una nueva profesión, denominada de técnico de prevención y con las funciones de nivel intermedio y superior asignadas por los artículos 36 y 37 del citado reglamento, respectivamente. Requiriéndose, para el desempeño de las funciones de nivel superior, contar con una titulación universitaria y acreditar haber recibido una formación, con la duración y programación contenidas en el Anexo VI de la citada norma. Contemplándose en su disposición transitoria tercera (actualmente derogada) que esta formación podría ser impartida, de forma transitoria y hasta que la administración competente en materia educativa estableciese la correspondiente titulación académica, por una entidad formativa, pública o privada, reconocida por la Autoridad Laboral. En este trabajo se pone de manifiesto la actual situación y los importantes cambios normativos producidos desde la aparición de la citada norma tanto en la legislación laboral, derivada de los cambios producidos en el citado reglamento, como en la educativa especialmente derivada del Real Decreto 1393/2007, relativo a la ordenación de las enseñanzas universitarias oficiales. Disposiciones a las que habría que añadir, por una parte la Estrategia Española, para el periodo 2007-2012, en materia de seguridad y salud, elaborada por el Gobierno, en la que se contemplaba entre sus objetivos, la promoción de la formación universitaria de posgrado en materia de prevención de riesgos laborales en el marco del proceso de Bolonia, como forma exclusiva de capacitar profesionales para el desempeño de funciones de nivel superior y por otra el Real Decreto 1837/2008, por el que se incorporaron al ordenamiento jurídico español las Directivas 2005/36/CE y 2006/100/CE, incluyendo entre las profesiones reguladas, las nuevas profesiones de Técnico de Prevención (Nivel Superior), con nivel de cualificación 4, y de Técnico Superior de Prevención de Riesgos Profesionales (Nivel Intermedio), con nivel de cualificación 3. Una vez resuelto el tema de la formación de nivel intermedio con la creación por el Gobierno de la titulación de Técnico Superior de Prevención de Riesgos Profesionales, en el presente trabajo se abordan soluciones, dentro del vigente marco normativo, a la necesaria creación de una o varias titulaciones oficiales que habiliten para el desempeño de la nueva profesión regulada de Técnico de Prevención (Nivel Superior) que no, necesariamente, debería pasar por la creación de un Master Universitario, de forma exclusiva. Contemplándose el Grado como la mejor de las posibles opciones