Comparação do Lean Construction no Brasil e em Portugal

A presente dissertação foi elaborada no âmbito da unidade curricular de DIPRE (Dissertação/Projeto/Estágio), que se encontra no plano de estudos do 2º semestre do 2º ano do Mestrado em Engenharia Civil, no ramo de Infraestruturas do Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto. Atualmente o mundo se encontra em uma época de recessão econômica que traz grandes entraves a investimentos, o que tem gerado na indústria civil a necessidade de diminuir custos e reduzir os desperdícios. Em função disto, o conceito Lean Manufacturing utilizado amplamente na indústria automobilística está sendo adaptado para aplicação na indústria civil, com o nome de Lean Construction. Diante da dificuldade da adaptação para a indústria civil, e da possibilidade de intercâmbio, surgiu a oportunidade de comparar um grupo de indústrias da construção civil do Brasil e de Portugal. Para isto esse trabalho foi elaborado por meio de uma revisão literária acerca da filosofia Lean Construction, buscando basear-se nos princípios do Lean, com métodos e ferramentas que tem a capacidade de melhorar as empresas da construção civil. A comparação se deu por um questionário aplicado em um grupo de empresas de construção no Brasil e em Portugal. Os resultados possibilitaram mensurar em termos percentuais o nível de aplicação do Lean Construction pelas empresas entrevistadas dos diversos portes e segmentos de atuação e assim comparar a diferença de aplicação do método entre os dois países.This dissertation was prepared in the context of curricular unit of DIPRE (Dissertation/Project/Internship), which is the 2nd semester of the 2nd year of the master’s degree in Civil Engineering, in the infrastructure field of the Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto. Nowadays the world finds itself in an economic recession that brings majors obstacles to investments, which brings into civil industry the needs to lower the costs and reduce waste. With that in mind, the concept of Lean Manufacturing, widely used in the automobile industry, is being adapted to suit in civil industry, with the name of Lean Construction. Given the difficulty of adapting to civil industry, and the possibility of exchange, the opportunity to compare a group of construction industries in Brazil and Portugal has appeared. For this parallel, this work was done through a literature review about the philosophy Lean Construction, seeking to be based on Lean principles, with methods and tools that give the ability to improve business construction. The comparison was made by survey made with a group of construction companies in Brazil and Portugal. The results made it possible to measure in percentage terms the level of implementation of Lean Construction by the companies interviewed of different sizes and market segments and thus compare the difference in application of the method between the two countries

Unsupervised Feature Based Algorithms for Time Series Extrinsic Regression

Time Series Extrinsic Regression (TSER) involves using a set of training time series to form a predictive model of a continuous response variable that is not directly related to the regressor series. The TSER archive for comparing algorithms was released in 2022 with 19 problems. We increase the size of this archive to 63 problems and reproduce the previous comparison of baseline algorithms. We then extend the comparison to include a wider range of standard regressors and the latest versions of TSER models used in the previous study. We show that none of the previously evaluated regressors can outperform a regression adaptation of a standard classifier, rotation forest. We introduce two new TSER algorithms developed from related work in time series classification. FreshPRINCE is a pipeline estimator consisting of a transform into a wide range of summary features followed by a rotation forest regressor. DrCIF is a tree ensemble that creates features from summary statistics over random intervals. Our study demonstrates that both algorithms, along with InceptionTime, exhibit significantly better performance compared to the other 18 regressors tested. More importantly, these two proposals (DrCIF and FreshPRINCE) models are the only ones that significantly outperform the standard rotation forest regressor.Comment: 19 pages, 21 figures, 6 tables. Appendix include

Guaranteed Quadrotor Position Estimation Based on GPS Refreshing Measurements

The application of two guaranteed estimation methods on the estimation of a quadrotor position is presented in this paper. A discrete time system model used for the position estimation is supposed, whereas GPS measurement is performed with greater sampling time. Firstly, guaranteed algorithms are applied in order to compute the feasible set of positions where the quadrotor is likely to be found. Subsequently, the estimation is corrected and improved by using the GPS sensor measurement

Fatores associados ao nível de dor na admissão e na alta em vítimas de trauma

Introduction: Different factors may be associated with the genesis and maintenance of pain symptoms in trauma. the underevaluation and undertreatment of acute pain in emergency units have called in an unqualified care, increasing morbidity and length of hospital stay. the objective of this investigation was to determine the factors associated with the level of pain on admission and at discharge in trauma. Methodology: Cross-sectional study with 92 trauma victims treated at an emergency unit in southern Brazil. the intensity and location of pain were assessed, respectively, through the numerical pain scale and body diagram. data were analyzed with the aid of non-parametric statistics. Results: The results showed that were associated with more severe pain on admission or discharge characteristics like being male, younger age, non-white skin color, companion presence, burn-like lesions, presence of drug prescription, analgesic administration intravenously and longer than 30 minutes for pain relief with pharmacotherapy. Conclusion: The imposition of protocols or algorithms of measurement and treatment of pain by health professionals in emergency units should consider these characteristics in order to provide a resolutive and quality care  Introducción: Diferentes factores pueden estar asociados a la génesis y mantenimiento del cuadro de dolor en víctimas de trauma. La baja evaluación y el bajo tratamiento del dolor agudo en las unidades de urgencia han llevado a una atención descalificada, aumentando la morbilidad y el tiempo de internación. El objetivo de esta investigación fue verificar los factores asociados al nivel de dolor en la admisión y en el alta en víctimas de trauma. Metodología: Estudio transversal, realizado con 92 víctimas de trauma atendidas en una unidad de urgencia en el Sur de Brasil. La intensidad y ubicación del dolor fueron evaluadas, respectivamente, por medio de la escala numérica de dolor y diagrama corporal. Los datos fueron analizados con ayuda de la estadística no paramétrica. Resultados: Los hallazgos indicaron asociación del dolor más intenso en la admisión o en el alta a características como: sexo masculino, edad más joven, color de la piel no blanca, presencia de compañero, heridas ocasionadas por quemadura, presencia de prescripción medicamentosa, administración analgésica por vía endovenosa y tiempo superior a 30 minutos para mejora del dolor con la farmacoterapia. Conclusión: La institución de protocolos o algoritmos de medición y tratamiento del dolor por los profesionales de salud en las unidades de urgencia debe considerar tales características a fin de prestar una asistencia resolutiva y de calidad.Introdução: Diferentes fatores podem estar associados à gênese e manutenção do quadro álgico em vítimas de trauma. A subavaliação e o subtratamento da dor aguda nas unidades emergenciais têm acarretado em um atendimento desqualificado, aumentando a morbidade e o tempo de internação. O objetivo desta investigação foi verificar os fatores associados ao nível de dor na admissão e na alta em vítimas de trauma. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, realizado com 92 vítimas de trauma atendidas em uma unidade emergencial no Sul do Brasil. A intensidade e localização da dor foram avaliadas, respectivamente, por meio da escala numérica de dor e diagrama corporal. Os dados foram analisados com o auxílio de estatística não paramétrica. Resultados: Os achados demonstraram que estiveram associadas à dor mais intensa na admissão ou na alta características como: sexo masculino, idade mais jovem, cor da pele não branca, presença de companheiro, lesões do tipo queimadura, presença de prescrição medicamentosa, administração analgésica por via endovenosa e tempo superior a 30 minutos para melhora da dor com a farmacoterapia. Conclusão: A instituição de protocolos ou algoritmos de mensuração e tratamento da dor pelos profissionais de saúde nas unidades emergenciais deve considerar tais características a fim de se prestar uma assistência resolutiva e de qualidade

The dimensionality of alcohol use disorders and alcohol consumption in a cross‐national perspective

Aims: To replicate the finding that there is a single dimension trait in alcohol use disorders and to test whether usual 5+ drinks for men and /4+ drinks for women and other measures of alcohol consumption help to improve alcohol use disorder criteria in a series of diverse patients from Emergency Departments (EDs) in four countries. Design: Cross-sectional surveys of patient 18 and older that reflected consecutive arrival at the ED. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview Core was used to obtain a diagnosis of DSM-IV alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse. Quantity and frequency of drinking and drunkenness as well as usual number of drinks consumed during the last year. Setting: Participants were 5,195 injured and non-injured patients attending 7 EDs in 4 countries, Argentina, Mexico, Poland the U.S., (between 1995-2001). Findings: Using exploratory factor analyses alcohol use disorders can be described as a single, unidimensional continuum without any clear cut distinction between the criterions for dependence and abuse in all sites. Results from item response theory analyses showed that the current DSM-IV criterions tap people in the middle-upper end of the alcohol use disorder continuum. Alcohol consumption (amount and frequency of use) can be used in all EDs with the current DSM-IV diagnostic criterions to help tap the middle-lower part of this continuum. Even though some specific diagnostic criterions and some alcohol consumption variables showed differential item function across sites, test response curves were invariant for ED sites and their inclusion would not impact the final (total) performance of the diagnostic system. Conclusions: DSM-IV abuse and dependence form a unidimensional continuum in ED patients regardless of country of survey. Alcohol consumption variables, if added, would help to tap patients with more moderate severity. DSM diagnostic system for alcohol use disorders showed invariance and performed extremely well in these sampleFil: Borges, Guilherme. No especifíca;Fil: Ye, Yu. No especifíca;Fil: Cherpitel, Cheryl. No especifíca;Fil: Bond, Jason. No especifíca;Fil: Cremonte, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Moskalewicz, Jacek. No especifíca;Fil: Swiatkiewickz, Grzyna. No especifíca;Fil: Rubio-Stipec, Maritza. No especifíca

Design guidelines towards compact litho-friendly regular cells

Preprin

Control predictivo de la dinámica de un vehículo autónomo

XXVIII Jornadas de Automática 5-7 de septiembre de 2007 Universidad de HuelvaEste trabajo presenta el diseño de un controlador predictivo basado en modelo para las dinámicas lateral y longitudinal de un vehículo autónomo. El controlador propuesto se implementa mediante una estructura en cascada con el control de la cinemática del vehículo para obtener las prestaciones deseadas a altas velocidades para el problema de seguimiento de trayectoria. Se utiliza un controlador predictivo descentralizado basado en el modelo dinámico linealizado del vehículo. Los resultados de simulación utilizando el controlador de la dinámica del vehículo en una estructura en cascada confirman que la estrategia propuesta es un solución prometedoraMinisterio de Ciencia y Tecnología DPI2004- 0641

On the mobility of dialkyl adipates by PFGSE NMR, computer simulations and other property measurement methods

Encontro realizado em Alacalá de Henares (Madrid), de 22 a 25 de Setembro de 2014Dialkyl adipates are a class of esters materials used as components of lubricants and plasticizers. Diffusion of plasticizers in polymers is a complex process that is difficult to study [1]. As a contribution to understand this phenomenon, the self-diffusion coefficients of five dialkyl adipates (dimethyl, diethyl, dipropyl, dibuthyl and bis(2-ethylhexyl)) were measured by the PFGSTE method in the temperature range 20 to 60ºC. It was shown that these compounds follow the Stokes-Einstein equation [2]. In effect, the self-diffusion coefficients change linearly with T.η-1(η is the viscosity). The dependence of the activation energies for self-diffusion is discussed in terms of size and branching of the alkyl chains of the adipates. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were done for these sytems in order to predict the diffusion coefficients as a function of temperature [3]. Acknolwedgements: This work was supported by the Strategic Projects PEst-OE/QUI/UI0100/2011 and PEst-OE/QUI/ UI0100/2013, both funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal). We thank also FCT for funding the NMR facility through Project RECI/QEQ-QIN/0189/2012. References: [1] Rahman M.; Brazel C. S., Prog. Polym. Sci. 2004, 29, 1223–1248. [2] Price W.S, NMR Studies of Translation Motion, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2009. [3] Pereira, L. A. M.; Martins, L. F. G.; Ascenso, J. R; Morgado, P.; Ramalho, J. P. P.; Filipe, E. J. M., J. Chem. Eng. Data 2014, accepted for publication

Projeto ExPOSE: criação de protocolos para avaliação da exposição ocupacional ao microbiota em ambientes clínicos

FCT - 02/SAICT/2016 – Project nº 23222Nas últimas décadas, tem sido enfatizada a importância dos bioaerossóis em ambientes interiores, pelos efeitos adversos que causam na saúde humana e consequente impacto na saúde pública. Os hospitais e restantes unidades de saúde, pelas caraterísticas inerentes aos mesmos podem potenciar a contaminação microbiana, pelo que requerem uma atenção e intervenção especial para proteger, não só os pacientes mas também os profissionais de saúde, das infeções associadas aos cuidados de saúde e das doenças profissionais. O projeto ExPOSE tem como objetivo avaliar a exposição dos trabalhadores ao microbiota em unidades de cuidados de saúde e consequente elaboração de orientações para a redução dessa exposição.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

FSP27 Promotes Lipid Droplet Clustering and Then Fusion to Regulate Triglyceride Accumulation

Fat Specific Protein 27 (FSP27), a lipid droplet (LD) associated protein in adipocytes, regulates triglyceride (TG) storage. In the present study we demonstrate that FSP27 plays a key role in LD morphology to accumulate TGs. We show here that FSP27 promotes clustering of the LDs which is followed by their fusion into fewer and enlarged droplets. To map the domains of FSP27 responsible for these events, we generated GFP-fusion constructs of deletion mutants of FSP27. Microscopic analysis revealed that amino acids 173–220 of FSP27 are necessary and sufficient for both the targeting of FSP27 to LDs and the initial clustering of the droplets. Amino acids 120–140 are essential but not sufficient for LD enlargement, whereas amino acids 120–210 are necessary and sufficient for both clustering and fusion of LDs to form enlarged droplets. In addition, we found that FSP27-mediated enlargement of LDs, but not their clustering, is associated with triglyceride accumulation. These results suggest a model in which FSP27 facilitates LD clustering and then promotes their fusion to form enlarged droplets in two discrete, sequential steps, and a subsequent triglyceride accumulation