Winnie： a Lonely Fighter against Nothingness

In his play Happy Days, Samuel Beckett portrays against a wilderness of modern world an optimistic woman—Winnie, who has strong nerves and fights against overwhelming nothingness in various forms on her own. Arguing that she is a lonely fighter against nothingness, this essay is dedicated to Winnie and focuses itself on answering following questions: Since the world in Happy Days is surrounded and incessantly eroded by nothingness, what forms are they in and how do they work.; as an extremely deprived person, why could Winnie be called nothingness-fighter and in what ways does she succeed in struggling along. Key words: Winnie, nothingness, fighter, fighting means, identity Résumé: Dans le théatre Oh les beaux jours, Samuel Beckett a campé une femme dynamique et optimiste luttant contre le monde moderne désert— Winnie. Douée d’un courage exceptionnel, elle lutte seul contre le néant irrésistible sous de diverses formes. L’essai présent analyse le personnage de Winnie et répond aux questions suivantes. Puisque le monde dans la pièce est entouré et dévoré par le néant, le néant apparît sous quelle forme ? quel est son rôle ? Puisque privée de tout, pouquoi elle peut encore etre considérée comme « lutteuse contre le néant » ? comment survit-elle difficilement dans l’interstice d’avec le néant ? Mots-Clés: Winnie, néant, lutteuse, moyen de lutte, statu

Gromov-Witten invariants of blow-ups along submanifolds with convex normal bundles

Given a submanifold Z inside X, let Y be the blow-up of X along Z. When the normal bundle of Z in X is convex with a minor assumption, we prove that genus-zero GW-invariants of Y with cohomology insertions from X, are identical to GW-invariants of X. Under the same hypothesis, a vanishing theorem is also proved. An example to which these two theorems apply is when the normal bundle is generated by global sections. These two main theorems do not hold for arbitrary blow-ups, and counter-examples are included.Comment: 34 page

Confusion noise from Galactic binaries for Taiji

Gravitational waves (GWs) from tens of millions of compact binaries in our Milky Way enter the milli-Hertz band of space-based detection. The majority of them cannot be resolved individually, resulting in a foreground confusion noise for Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). The concept of Taiji mission is similar to LISA's with slightly better sensitivity, which means that the galactic GW signals will also affect the detection with Taiji. Here we generate the GW signals from 29.8 million galactic binaries for Taiji and subtract the `resolvable' sources. The confusion noise is estimated and fitted in an analytic form with 6-month, 1-year, 2-year and 4-year observation time. We find that the full sensitivity curve is slightly lower for Taiji than for LISA at frequencies of $\leq 0.8$ mHz and around 2~mHz. For a 4-year lifetime, more than 29 thousand sources are resolvable with Taiji. Compared to LISA, Taiji can subtract $\sim 20 \%$ more sources and the distribution of them in our Milky Way is consistent with that of the resolvable sources with LISA. At frequencies around 2~mHz or with the chirp masses ranging from $0.2 M_\odot$ to $0.4 M_\odot$, more sources become resolvable with Taiji.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures. Version accepted by PR

Research on electron and positron spectrum in the high-energy region based on the gluon condensation model

Electron(positron), proton and nuclei can be accelerated to very high energy by local supernova remnants (SNR). The famous excesses of electron and proton (nuclei) potentially come from such kind of local sources. Recently, the DAMPE experiment measured the electron spectrum (including both electrons and positrons) of cosmic rays with high-accuracy. It provides an opportunity to further explore the excess of electrons. According to the gluon condensation (GC) theory, once GC occurs, huge number of gluons condense at a critical momentum, and the production spectrum of electron and proton showing typical GC characteristics. There are exact correlations between the electron and proton spectrum from a same GC process. It is possible to interpret the power-law break of cosmic rays in view of GC phenomenon, and predict one from another based on the relations between electron and proton spectrum. In this work, we point out the potential existence of a second excess in the electron spectrum, the characteristics of this excess is derived from experimental data of proton. We hope that the future DAMPE experiments will confirm the existence of this second excess and support the result of GC model