401 research outputs found
Majorana fermions in pinned vortices
Exploiting the peculiar properties of proximity-induced superconductivity on
the surface of a topological insulator, we propose a device which allows the
creation of a Majorana fermion inside the core of a pinned Abrikosov vortex.
The relevant Bogolyubov-de Gennes equations are studied analytically. We
demonstrate that in this system the zero-energy Majorana fermion state is
separated by a large energy gap, of the order of the zero-temperature
superconducting gap , from a band of single-particle non-topological
excitations. In other words, the Majorana fermion remains robust against
thermal fluctuations, as long as the temperature remains substantially lower
than the critical superconducting temperature. Experimentally, the Majorana
state may be detected by measuring the tunneling differential conductance at
the center of the Abrikosov vortex. In such an experiment, the Majorana state
manifests itself as a zero-bias anomaly separated by a gap, of the order of
, from the contributions of the nontopological excitations.Comment: 9 pages, 2 eps figures, new references are added, several typos are
correcte
Density-density propagator for one-dimensional interacting spinless fermions with non-linear dispersion and calculation of the Coulomb drag resistivity
Using bosonization-fermionization transformation we map the
Tomonaga-Luttinger model of spinless fermions with non-linear dispersion on the
model of fermionic quasiparticles whose interaction is irrelevant in the
renormalization group sense. Such mapping allows us to set up an expansion for
the density-density propagator of the original Tomonaga-Luttinger Hamiltonian
in orders of the (irrelevant) quasiparticle interaction. The lowest order term
in such an expansion is proportional to the propagator for free fermions. The
next term is also evaluated. The propagator found is used for calculation of
the Coulomb drug resistivity in a system of two capacitively coupled
one-dimensional conductors. It is shown that is proportional to for
both free and interacting fermions. The marginal repulsive in-chain interaction
acts to reduce as compared to the non-interacting result. The correction to
due to the quasiparticle interaction is found as well. It scales as
at low temperature.Comment: 5 pages, 1 eps figure; the new version of the e-print corrects an
error, which exists in the original submission; fortunately, all important
conclusions of the study remain vali
Significance of Operative Legal Investigation as the Criterion of Reasonable Term Definition
The article is devoted to the problem of tardiness of criminal procedure which can lead to breaches of human rights self-dependently
Ballistic dynamics of a convex smooth-wall billiard with finite escape rate along the boundary
We focus on the problem of an impurity-free billiard with a random
position-dependent boundary coupling to the environment. The response functions
of such an open system can be obtained non-perturbatively from a supersymmetric
generating functional. The derivation of this functional is based on averaging
over the escape rates and results in a non-linear ballistic -model,
characterized by system-specific parameters. Particular emphasis is placed on
the {}``whispering gallery modes'' as the origin of surface diffusion modes in
the limit of large dimensionless conductance.Comment: 12 pages, no figure
Tkachenko modes and quantum melting of Josephson junction type of vortex array in rotating Bose-Einstein condensate
Using path integral formalism, we show that the Abrikosov-Tkachenko vortex
lattice may equivalently be understood as an array of Josephson junctions. The
Tkachenko modes are found to be basically equivalent to the low energy
excitations (Goldstone modes) of an ordered state. The calculated frequencies
are in very good agreement with recent experimental data. Calculations of the
fluctuations of the relative displacements of the vortices show that vortex
melting is a result of quantum fluctuations around the ordered state due to the
low energy excitations (Tkachenko modes)and occurs when the ratio of the
kinectic energy to the potential energy of the vortex lattice is 0.001.Comment: revised paper 11 pages with 2 figures, all in Pdf forma
Feasibility of a Small, Rapid Optical-to-IR Response, Next Generation Gamma Ray Burst Mission
We present motivations for and study feasibility of a small, rapid optical to
IR response gamma ray burst (GRB) space observatory. By analyzing existing GRB
data, we give realistic detection rates for X-ray and optical/IR instruments of
modest size under actual flight conditions. Given new capabilities of fast
optical/IR response (about 1 s to target) and simultaneous multi-band imaging,
such an observatory can have a reasonable event rate, likely leading to new
science. Requiring a Swift-like orbit, duty cycle, and observing constraints, a
Swift-BAT scaled down to 190 square cm of detector area would still detect and
locate about 27 GRB per yr. for a trigger threshold of 6.5 sigma. About 23
percent of X-ray located GRB would be detected optically for a 10 cm diameter
instrument (about 6 per yr. for the 6.5 sigma X-ray trigger).Comment: Elaborated text version of a poster presented at 2012 Malaga/Marbella
symposiu
Strong quantum fluctuation of vortices in the new superconductor
By using transport and magnetic measurement, the upper critical field
and the irreversibility line has been determined. A
big separation between and has been found showing the
existence of a quantum vortex liquid state induced by quantum fluctuation of
vortices in the new superconductor . Further investigation on the
magnetic relaxation shows that both the quantum tunneling and the thermally
activated flux creep weakly depends on temperature. But when the melting field
is approached, a drastic rising of the relaxation rate is observed.
This may imply that the melting of the vortex matter at a finite temperature is
also induced by the quantum fluctuation of vortices.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Π’Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
Purpose: the main purpose of the article is study the current prerequisites and trends of the economic development of the Perm Region to formulate proposals and recommendations within the framework of the program for the long-term development of regional social and economic systems. The main hypothesis of the article is that the social and economic development of the Perm Region requires the creation of innovative ways to develop promising areas of business based on relevant trends and assumptions.Methods: the methodology of solving the tasks is based on the use of the method of dialectical research, methods of economic analysis, forecasting, situational and system analysis, expert assessments and analysis of empirical data.Results: the results of the work are to study the economic processes in the region, including indicators and indicators of the region's social and economic development, and further develop recommendations and proposals for the development of priority areas in project management and selection of optimal project planning models to ensure sustainable development of the region and its competitiveness.Conclusions and Relevance: priority goals for solving the current economic problems of the Perm Region are to increase the income of the population and increase the revenue of the regional budget. To increase the pace and ensure the stability of economic growth, increase the real income of citizens, achieve technological leadership, a consistent solution to a number of specific tasks is necessary. It is important that the implementation of economic policy should be based on building partnerships between public authorities and entrepreneurship, aimed at increasing the efficiency of companies and the development of the economy of the region.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Π°Ρ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π² ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ: ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ.ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°, ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½, Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π°, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ. ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° Π²ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
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