Insulin effect on glucose transport in thymocytes and splenocytes from rats with metabolic syndrome

Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MS) may comprise several clinical conditions such as obesity, diabetes and inflammatory disorders, which are characterized by metabolic imbalances. The study of glucose transport and regulation by insulin in lymphocytes is important, since the way they increase inflammation and susceptibility to infections are common in MS. We studied glucose internalization in isolated thymocytes and splenocytes, its regulation by insulin, and the role of three glucose transporters (Gluts) in control and in MS rats. Control glucose internalization and insulin responses were lower in splenocytes than in thymocytes. Control and insulin-induced glucose internalization in thymocytes declined with age, while transport by splenocyte continued to respond to insulin. Control thymocyte glucose internalization was blocked by antibodies against Glut 1 and 4, while the insulin response also was blocked by an anti-Glut 3 antibody. On four month old control and insulin-induced response, splenocyte transport was only blocked by Glut 1 and 4 antibodies. At six months splenocyte glucose internalization depended on Glut 1 and was less sensitive to the effects of an anti-Glut 4 antibody. In MS splenocytes the capacity of anti-Glut 1 antibodies to inhibit control and insulin-dependent glucose transport was less significant, and we found that in MS rats, glucose internalization was dependent on Glut 3 and Glut 4. In summary, the altered metabolic state present in MS rats shows signs of modulation of glucose internalization by the Glut1, Glut 3 and Glut 4 transporters, compared with its own age control.</p

Manual de actividades extensionistas para favorecer la identidad profesional pedagógica en las estudiantes de quinto año de la carrera preescolar (Original)

The model of the professional of the race Bachelor's Degree in Educación. The kindergarten pursues to achieve a correct vocational guidance of the students in order that they provide evidence of identity with the pedagogic profession. For that present it investigation comes into question like problem of investigation: ¿How do we favor the pedagogic vocational guidance of the students of the fifth diurnal year of the race Bachelor's Degree in Preschool Educación? It is determined like objective for the solution of this problems: Elaborating a manual of activities extensionists to favor the pedagogic vocational guidance of the students in the running Bachelor's Degree in Preschool Educación. They used theoretic methods, empiricists and statisticians for his realization. Effectiveness and feasibility of the proposal comes to light in the theoretic conception and methodological once the one that conceives the pedagogic vocational guidance in three essential dimensions was established by the author: Professional interests, motivation for the profession and professional intentions. &nbsp;El modelo del profesional de la carrera Licenciatura en Educación. Preescolar persigue lograr una correcta orientación profesional de las estudiantes para que se identifiquen con la profesión pedagógica. Por lo que la presente investigación se plantea como problema de investigación: ¿Cómo favorecer la orientación profesional pedagógica de las estudiantes del quinto año diurno de la carrera Licenciatura en Educación Preescolar? Para la solución de esta problemática se determina como objetivo: elaborar un manual de actividades extensionistas para favorecer la orientación profesional pedagógica de las estudiantes en la carrera Licenciatura en Educación Preescolar. Para su realización se emplearon métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos. La efectividad y factibilidad de la propuesta se revela en la concepción teórica y metodológica establecida por la autora la que concibe la orientación profesional pedagógica en tres dimensiones esenciales: intereses profesionales, motivación por la profesión e intenciones profesionales.&nbsp; &nbsp

Manual de actividades extensionistas para favorecer la identidad profesional pedagógica en las estudiantes de quinto año de la carrera preescolar (Original)

The model of the professional of the race Bachelor's Degree in Educación. The kindergarten pursues to achieve a correct vocational guidance of the students in order that they provide evidence of identity with the pedagogic profession. For that present it investigation comes into question like problem of investigation: ¿How do we favor the pedagogic vocational guidance of the students of the fifth diurnal year of the race Bachelor's Degree in Preschool Educación? It is determined like objective for the solution of this problems: Elaborating a manual of activities extensionists to favor the pedagogic vocational guidance of the students in the running Bachelor's Degree in Preschool Educación. They used theoretic methods, empiricists and statisticians for his realization. Effectiveness and feasibility of the proposal comes to light in the theoretic conception and methodological once the one that conceives the pedagogic vocational guidance in three essential dimensions was established by the author: Professional interests, motivation for the profession and professional intentions. &nbsp;El modelo del profesional de la carrera Licenciatura en Educación. Preescolar persigue lograr una correcta orientación profesional de las estudiantes para que se identifiquen con la profesión pedagógica. Por lo que la presente investigación se plantea como problema de investigación: ¿Cómo favorecer la orientación profesional pedagógica de las estudiantes del quinto año diurno de la carrera Licenciatura en Educación Preescolar? Para la solución de esta problemática se determina como objetivo: elaborar un manual de actividades extensionistas para favorecer la orientación profesional pedagógica de las estudiantes en la carrera Licenciatura en Educación Preescolar. Para su realización se emplearon métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos. La efectividad y factibilidad de la propuesta se revela en la concepción teórica y metodológica establecida por la autora la que concibe la orientación profesional pedagógica en tres dimensiones esenciales: intereses profesionales, motivación por la profesión e intenciones profesionales.&nbsp; &nbsp

Cambios en el metabolismo cardíaco y su posible aprovechamiento en la terapéutica (Parte II)

En esta segunda parte de nuestra revisión se propone a la solución polarizante como una alternativa más, además de otras ya existentes, para el mantenimiento de las células cardíacas durante un infarto, apoyado en el cambio metabólico cardíaco durante la hipoxia

Maitotoxin Is a Potential Selective Activator of the Endogenous Transient Receptor Potential Canonical Type 1 Channel in Xenopus laevis Oocytes

Maitotoxin (MTX) is the most potent marine toxin known to date. It is responsible for a particular human intoxication syndrome called ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP). Several reports indicate that MTX is an activator of non-selective cation channels (NSCC) in different cell types. The molecular identity of these channels is still an unresolved topic, and it has been proposed that the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are involved in this effect. In Xenopus laevis oocytes, MTX at picomolar (pM) concentrations induces the activation of NSCC with functional and pharmacological properties that resemble the activity of TRP channels. The purpose of this study was to characterize the molecular identity of the TRP channel involved in the MTX response, using the small interference RNA (siRNA) approach and the two-electrode voltage-clamp technique (TEVC). The injection of a specifically designed siRNA to silence the transient receptor potential canonical type 1 (TRPC1) protein expression abolished the MTX response. MTX had no effect on oocytes, even at doses 20-fold higher compared to cells without injection. Total mRNA and protein levels of TRPC1 were notably diminished. The TRPC4 siRNA did not change the MTX effect, even though it was important to note that the protein level was reduced by the silencing of TRPC4. Our results suggest that MTX could be a selective activator of TRPC1 channels in X. laevis oocytes and a useful pharmacological tool for further studies on these TRP channels

Nutraceuticals in the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe disease characterized by the loss and obstructive remodeling of the pulmonary arterial wall, causing a rise in pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance, which is responsible for right heart failure, functional decline, and death. Although many drugs are available for the treatment of this condition, it continues to be life-threatening, and its long-term treatment is expensive. On the other hand, many natural compounds present in food have beneficial effects on several cardiovascular conditions. Several studies have explored many of the potential beneficial effects of natural plant products on PAH. However, the mechanisms by which natural products, such as nutraceuticals, exert protective and therapeutic effects on PAH are not fully understood. In this review, we analyze the current knowledge on nutraceuticals and their potential use in the protection and treatment of PAH, as well as whether nutraceuticals could enhance the effects of drugs used in PAH through similar mechanisms