The MicroJansky Radio Galaxy Population

We use highly spectroscopically complete observations of the radio sources from the VLA 1.4 GHz survey of the HDF-N region to study the faint radio galaxy population and its evolution. We spectrally classify the sources into four spectral types: absorbers, star formers, Seyfert galaxies, and broad-line AGNs, and we analyze their properties by type. We supplement the spectroscopic redshifts with photometric redshifts measured from the rest-frame UV to MIR spectral energy distributions. Using deep X-ray observations of the field, we do not confirm the existence of an X-ray-radio correlation for star-forming galaxies. We also do not observe any correlations between 1.4 GHz flux and R magnitude or redshift. We find that the radio powers of the host galaxies rise dramatically with increasing redshift, while the optical properties of the host galaxies show at most small changes. Assuming that the locally determined FIR-radio correlation holds at high redshifts, we estimate total FIR luminosities for the radio sources. We note that the FIR luminosity estimates for any radio-loud AGNs will be overestimates. Considering only the radio sources with quasar-like bolometric luminosities, we find a maximum ratio of candidate highly-obscured AGNs to X-ray-luminous (>10^42 ergs/s) sources of about 1.9. We use source-stacking analyses to measure the X-ray surface brightnesses of various X-ray and radio populations. We find the contributions to the 4-8 keV light from our candidate highly-obscured AGNs to be very small, and hence these sources are unable to account for the light that has been suggested may be missing at these energies.Comment: 20 pages, Accepted by The Astrophysical Journal (scheduled for 1 Jan 2007), color figures 2 and 3 can be found at http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~barger/radiopaper.htm

Rapid Communication: Assignment of Porcine Serotonin Receptor Subtype 2 Alpha and Endothelin-B Receptor to Chromosome 11 by Linkage Analysis

Genus and Species. Sus scrofa. Locus. Pig serotonin receptor subtype 2 alpha ( HTR2A) and pig endothelin-B receptor ( EDNRB) . Source and Description of Primers. Heterologous primers for EDNRB were obtained from Leslie Lyons through the CATS project (Lyons et al., 1997) and primers for HTR2A were designed from highly conserved human (M86841) and mouse sequences (X72222). Primers ( EDNRB forward: 5¢-AATTGTTTTAATTTGGGTGGTCTC- 3¢ and EDNRB reverse: 5¢-AGCCACCAGTCTTTAGCTGTC-3¢; HTR2A forward: 5¢-CCCTAGAGAAAAAGCTGCAGA-3¢ and HTR2A reverse: 5¢-GACACGGGCATGACAAGGA-3¢) were used to amplify pig homologous fragments by standard PCR. Pig genomic fragments amplified with heterologous primers were sequenced to confirm homology. An 81% similarity over 125 bp was found in the exon 3 region of the EDNRB gene between human and the new pig sequence-tagged sites ( STS) . A 100% sequence similarity was found for 115 bases of the exon 1 region of HTR2A gene between our STS and a pig HTR2A cDNA sequence (accession no. S78208). Pig-specific primers were designed from the pig STS obtained in this study ( HTR2A forward: 5¢- CCCTAGAGAAAAAGCTG CAGA-3¢ and HTR2A reverse: 5¢-GCAGAGGCCACCGGTA-3¢) to increase the PCR efficiency

Genetic Control of Immune Response to Pseudorabies and Atrophic Rhinitis Vaccines: I. Heterosis, General Combining Ability and Relationship to Growth and Backfat

Data from 988 pigs from 119 litters farrowed in two seasons of a three-breed diallel crossbreeding experiment were analyzed to estimate general combining abilities of breeds and heterosis for humoral immune response to pseudorabies virus and atrophic rhinitis vaccines. Twenty purebred boars and 85 sows of the Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire breeds were mated to provide the nine breed-of-sire and breed-of-dam combinations. Immune response was measured after vaccination. A modified-live pseudorabies virus (PR) vaccine was administered to piglets at 28 d of age and response measured as log2 serum neutralization titers at 56 d. An inactivated B. bronchiseptica bacterin was administered at 28, 42 and 112 d. Antibody levels were measured relative to positive and negative controls at 28, 56 and 119 d by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results of this study showed that ranking by breed of sire and breed of dam did not differ for general combining ability, and no evidence of significant heterosis for any immune responses was observed. Higher immune response at 56 d to B. bronchiseptica vaccine was associated with lower weaning weight (r = −.09, P\u3c.01). Correlations of days to 100 kg with 56-d and 119-d B. bronchiseptica antibody levels were .15 (P\u3c.01) and .12 (P\u3c.01). The relationship between humoral immune response to PR vaccine and growth traits was similar to that observed for B. bronchiseptica vaccine. Immune response to both antigens was not associated with backfat thickness. Further research using more specifically defined antigens and homogeneous populations of animals is needed to examine nonadditive gene action on the humoral immune response in swine

Genetic Control of Immune Response to Pseudorabies and Atrophic Rhinitis Vaccines: II: Comparison of Additive Direct and Maternal Genetic Effects

Data from 52 litters farrowed in two seasons of a cross-fostering experiment were analyzed to estimate variances and covariances for additive direct and maternal genetic effects on immune response to pseudorabies virus and B. bronchiseptica vaccine. Twenty purebred boars and 44 sows of the Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire breeds were used. Immune response was measured after vaccine challenge. A modified-live pseudorabies (PR) vaccine was administered to piglets at 28 d of age; response was measured by log, serum neutralization titers at 56 d. An inactivated B. bronchiseptica bacterin was administered at 28, 42 and 112 d. Antibody levels were measured relative to positive and negative controls at 28, 56 and 119 d by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results from this study for heritability were .18 ± .09 for PR titer and .15 ± .07 and .52 ± .15 for 56- and 119-d ELISA values, respectively. The variability due to nurse environment (maternal genetic variance and common environmental variance) as a percentage of phenotypic variance was 11.1% for PR titers and 29.6 and 8.8% for 56- and 119-d ELISA values, respectively. The heritabilities estimated in this study indicate that, if improved immune response to vaccines is desired, selection may be useful. However, the importance of maternal environment would make early selections less accurate than selections based on immune response measured later in life

Revised Approaches to Estimate Lean of Pork Carcasses of Known Age or Days on Test

Carcass measurements for 185 market hogs representing two sexes and four body types, slaughtered at 91 to 132 kg, were examined as predictors of carcass composition. Dependent variables included weight of fat-standardized lean (FSL), percentage FSL in the standardized side, weight of FSL gained/day on test, and weight of FSL produced/day of age. The greatest degree of predictive accuracy in each equation occurred when longissimus muscle area and fat depth at the three-fourths location at the 10th rib were included as independent variables. Other important variables were hot carcass weight in the three equations predicting weight for FSL, age in the equation for FSL produced/ day of age, and initial weight on test and days on test for the prediction of FSL gained/day on test. Less accuracy was found when other back-fat thickness measurements or subjective scores of muscling or fatness were used as independent variables

Validity and equivalence of the SF-12v2 Health Survey for a Chinese Population

Poster Session 3: no. 124/1264Conference Theme: Integrating HRQOL in Health Care Policy, Research, and Practic

Breed and Swine Lymphocyte Antigen Haplotype Differences in Agglutination Titers Following Vaccination with B. Bronchiseptica

Genetic differences in immune response to B. bronchiseptica after vaccination with a commercial B. bronchiseptica bacterin were investigated in 1,069 8-wk-old pigs. These pigs were from 65 litters born in the spring and 66 litters born in the fall of 1982 and were purebreds from the Chester White (n = 128), Duroc (n = 281), Hampshire (n = 143), Landrace (n = 309) and Yorkshire (n = 208) breeds. Each litter was raised separately. Individual pigs were vaccinated im at 4 and 6 wk of age with 2 ml of B. bronchiseptica bacterin. At 8 wk of age, 8 ml of blood were collected from each animal and serum prepared to determine agglutinating antibody titers against B. bronchiseptica bacterin by a bacterial agglutination method. In addition, lymphocytes were separated from 1 ml of heparinized blood and used to determine Swine Lymphocyte Antigen (SLA) haplotypes by using cytotoxic antibodies against the SLA complex. Antisera for 3 SLA haplotypes were made available by the National Institutes of Health. Results indicated that breed of pig (P\u3c.01) and dam of pig (P\u3c.01) affected the immune response of the pig after B. bronchiseptica vaccination. Higher immune response was also associated (P\u3c.05) with one of the SLA haplotypes tested. Heritability estimates for immune response following vaccination were .10 ± .12 (half-sib) and .42 ± .19 (full-sib). Results suggest that the relationship of the SLA complex to immune response in the pig and nonadditive genetic and maternal effects on immune response should be further investigated

Observations of the transient X-ray source 4U0115+63

Results of HEAO-2 pointed observations and Ariel 5 All Sky Monitor observations of the X-ray transient 4U0115+63 are presented. The transient source pulses with a period of 3.6136 s + or - .0004 s, has a hard spectrum typical of an X-ray binary pulsar, and has a broad iron line emission feature. A discussion of the transient behavior is given and inferences are made concerning the nature of the X-ray source based on the pointed data

A whole genome scan for quantitative trait loci for leg weakness and its related traits in a large F2 intercross population between White Duroc and Erhualian

To detect QTL for leg weakness and its related traits in pigs, a total of 1,484 F2 pigs were recorded for leg (at 76 and 213 d) and gait scores (at 153 and 223 d) in a White Duroc × Erhualian intercross. The length and weight of the biceps brachii muscle were measured after slaughter at 240 d. A genome scan was performed with 183 microsatellite markers in the population. A total of 42 QTL were detected, including 16 at the 1% genome-wide significant level and 6 at the 5% genome-wide significant level. Thirty-eight of the 42 QTL showed significant additive effects, and 14 had significant dominance effects. At least 2 QTL were detected for each trait except for leg score at 76 d, for which no QTL was identified. Some of the QTL for leg and gait scores confirmed previous findings. Eighteen QTL were detected for weight and length of the biceps brachii muscle. To our knowledge, this was the first report about QTL for weight and length of the biceps brachii muscle in pigs. Two chromosome regions each on SSC4 and SSC7 showed significant and multiple associations with both leg weakness and growth of the biceps brachii muscle, which are worthwhile for further investigation

The Galactic black hole transient H1743-322 during outburst decay: connections between timing noise, state transitions and radio emission

Multi-wavelength observations of Galactic black hole transients during outburst decay are instrumental for our understanding of the accretion geometry and the formation of outflows around black hole systems. H1743-322, a black hole transient observed intensely in X-rays and also covered in the radio band during its 2003 decay, provides clues about the changes in accretion geometry during state transitions and also the general properties of X-ray emission during the intermediate and the low-hard states. In this work, we report on the evolution of spectral and temporal properties in X-rays and the flux in the radio band with the goal of understanding the nature of state transitions observed in this source. We concentrate on the transition from the thermal dominant state to the intermediate state that occurs on a timescale of one day. We show that the state transition is associated with a sudden increase in power-law flux. We determine that the ratio of the power-law flux to the overall flux in the 3--25 keV band must exceed 0.6 to observe strong timing noise. Even after the state transition, once this ratio was below 0.6, the system transited back to the thermal dominant state for a day. We show that the emission from the compact radio core does not turn on during the transition from the thermal dominant state to the intermediate state but does turn on when the source reaches the low-hard state, as seen in 4U 1543-47 and GX 339-4. We find that the photon index correlates strongly with the QPO frequency and anti-correlates with the rms amplitude of variability. We also show that the variability is more likely to be associated with the power-law emission than the disk emission.Comment: 23 pages, 5 Figures, 1 Table, accepted for publication in Ap