The Role of Parents' Social Background in Home Language Practices: A Family Language Policy Perspective

Departing from Indonesia’s unique and complex multilingual environment, our study sought to investigate the role of the social background of multilingual parents in implementing home language use. Specifically, we ask whether home language practice is shaped by parents’ education level, ethnicity, and occupation, particularly in parent-child interaction. Our analysis draws from an online survey of 1.344 multilingual parents from different parts of Indonesia, with the survey being mainly distributed to over 28 provinces, including NAD, North Sumatra (North & West), Lampung, Bangka Belitung, Jambi, Bengkulu, Jakarta, West Java, Central, and East Java, Yogyakarta, Maluku, Kalimantan (North, South, West, East, and Central), Riau, Sulawesi (North, South, and Southeast), Bali, Nusa Tenggara (West and East), West Papua, and Papua. A single paragraph of 200 words maximum. Our findings indicate that education, ethnicity, and occupation significantly shape parents’ decisions to manage home language practice with their children. Keywords: social background, multilingual parents, home language practice

THE EXPLORATION OF TONGKAT TUNGGAL PANALUAN AS READING MATERIALS FOR STUDENTS IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

The goal of this review is to look into “Exploration of the Folklore Tongkat Tunggal Panaluan” as reading materials for high school students. The researcher used a qualitative descriptive method in this study, which aims to describe systematically, actually, and factually using words and sentences. From January to October 2022, the research will be conducted. Interview techniques and data documentations were used to collect data.. Techniques for data analysis that use interactive analysis, such as reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research strategy consists Because of the mystical element in the stick, research from folklore “Tongkat Tunggal Panaluan” was formed, the stick contained the face carvings of seven humans and several animal carvings. The datu-datu typically employs the stick. The stick measures approximately 150-200 cm in lengt

STUDENTS’ SELF ESTEEM IN SPEAKING ABILITY

One of principle of communicative competence is the students know how to uselanguage according to the setting and the participants. Actually, to be able to speaktarget language, the students ar not only expected to have a great ability in grammar,vocabulary, or writing, but how brave they express their idea and use target languageto others. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate students’ self esteem to theirspeaking ability This study was carried out at Hadist major at the fourth semester ofIAIN Raden Intan Lampung. The researcher used questionnaire, test, and interview.The data collected were analyzed quantitatively, and described to know clearly theprocess which was occurred during the research. The results indicate that students’self esteem influence their speaking ability.Key Words: speaking, self esteem, communicative competence</p

esigning English Reading Text Based on Dalihan Na Tolu Batak Culture

Dalihan Na Tolu system is one element in the culture of Batak Toba. Dalihan Na Tolu is a system of kinship that is used as a basis and reference for the Batak Toba community within their social life. The Dalihan Na Tolu system contains statuses and roles. In determining social status, Batak Toba people first consider their lineage and clan. Outlined by Dalihan Na Tolu and established specific guidelines and laws for different social relationships such as those between a husband and wife, parents, and siblings from each party, additionally each party performed boru and hula-hula. Dalihan Na Tolu becomes the ideal form of kinship for the Batak people of Toba only if implemented in accordance with its principles. This research is descriptive qualitative research obtained through literature study, interview and observation data collection techniques. The material object of this study is the kinship system of the Batak Toba community. Based on the study is findings , it is known that dalihan na tolu dalam culture is the key in the implementation of marriage ceremonies. boru duties as part of the pretext na tolu in every marriage ceremony and other traditional ceremonies have been arranged. The Batak community has clear rules, who does what, who receives and gives what. Perfection of a traditional ceremony for the Batak people is measured by the completeness of the elements of the pretext na tolu to attend the ceremony women and her husband's group (boru) occupy a lower position while the giver of women (hula- hula) occupy a higher position. In this case, women become the object while men become the determining subject of one's position in the structure of dalihan na tol