Models of Dissertation Defense: From Post-Reform University to Soviet Era (Case of Saint Petersburg University)

This study explores the issue of obtaining academic degrees in prerevolutionary Russia, a process that was an integral part of scientific initiation, allowing individuals to enter the ranks of the country’s intellectual elite. The aim of this paper is to determine the interplay between socio-political, corporate, and scientific elements in shaping the discourse of academic disputation. The analysis presented herein draws upon data primarily concerning Saint Petersburg University, which was a leading center for Russian scholarly activity. Specifically, this research utilizes unpublished materials from the minutes of the University Council meetings, journals of public assemblies of various faculties, and archives managed by the Saint Petersburg educational district, containing information on planned disputes. The authors conclude that there were eight formal obstacles a candidate had to overcome in the pursuit of a degree. The key hurdle was access to the public defense, which was a closed affair, being an internal corporate matter that excluded not only the degree candidate but also external authorities and society at large. The public defense of a thesis served more as a socially significant rite of corporate initiation, demonstrating the public importance of the corporation

Microstructure and crystallographic texture of silicon iron modified by torsion under quasihydrostatic pressure

The electron backscatter diffraction, X-ray diffraction analysis, electromotive force instantaneous measurement, microhardness and coercive force measurement techniques are used to explore the development of the microstructure, crystallographic texture and physico-mechanical properties of silicon iron (Fe-3% Si) alloy under quasi-hydrostatic pressure in a Bridgman anvil. It is found that the alloy deformation is accompanied by its significant hardenin

Anomalous behavior of pion production in high energy particle collisions

A shape of invariant differential cross section for charged hadron production as function of transverse momentum measured in various collider experiments is analyzed. Contrary to the behavior of produced charged kaons, protons and antiprotons, the pion spectra require an anomalously high contribution of an exponential term to describe the shape.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure

Buffer-gas induced absorption resonances in Rb vapor

We observe transformation of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance into the absorption resonance in a $\Lambda$ interaction configuration in a cell filled with $^{87}$Rb and a buffer gas. This transformation occurs as a one-photon detuning of the coupling fields is varied from the atomic transition. No such absorption resonance is found in the absence of a buffer gas. The width of the absorption resonance is several times smaller than the width of the EIT resonance, and the changes of absorption near these resonances are about the same. Similar absorption resonances are detected in the Hanle configuration in a buffered cell.Comment: 11 pages, 15 figures; 13 pages, 17 figures, added numerical simulatio

Phenomenological description of the gamma* p cross section at low Q2

Low Q2 photon-proton cross sections are analysed using a simple, QCD-motivated parametrisation $\sigma_{\gamma^\star p}\propto 1/(Q^2+Q_0^2)$, which gives a good description of the data. The Q2 dependence of the gamma* p cross section is discussed in terms of the partonic transverse momenta of the hadronic state the photon fluctuates into.Comment: 14 pages, revtex, epsfig, 2 figure

Анатомическое обоснование транспозиции грудоспинного нерва при невротизации поврежденных нервов плечевого сплетения

 The goal is to identify topographic, anatomic, and constitutional features of thoracodorsal and musculocutaneous nerves of brachial plexus.Materials and methods. Anthropometry of 45 corpses was carried out to determine growth; length of the trunk and upper extremities; circumference of neck, thoracic cage, shoulder and forearm; lateral dimensions of shoulders, thoracic cage and pelvis; anteroposterior size of thoracic cage; neck circumference. Morphometry of all brachial plexus components (length, thickness of nerves and angles of their origin) was performed after its  anatomic preparation.Results. The cephalic type of brachial plexus with participation of C4 spinal nerve was found in 7% of cases. The caudal type with inclusion of Th2 spinal nerve was found in 4% of cases. In 4% of cases, there was no musculocutaneous nerve, at the same time shoulder biceps innervates median nerve. In 93% of cases, the thoracodorsal nerve originates from posterior secondary bundle along lower posterior surface, in 7% it is an axillary nerve branch. Neck circumference is directly correlated with thoracodorsal nerve length: the larger the neck circumference is, the greater is the nerve length. In females, linear regression equations were derived, which allow estimating thoracodorsal nerve length knowing the thoracic cage width.Conclusion. The length of the thoracodorsal nerve determines the possibility of its transplantation into the musculocutaneous position. The size of neck circumference and, in females, the width of the thoracic cage, for reliability, should be used as external size biomarkers for donor and recipient nerves.  Цель. Выявление топографо-анатомических и  конституциональных особенностей грудоспинного и  мышечно-кожного нервов плечевого сплетения. Материалы и методы. Проведена антропометрия 45 трупов с определением роста, длины туловища и верхней конечности, окружности шеи, грудной клетки, плеча и предплечья, поперечных размеров плеч, грудной клетки и таза, переднезаднего размера грудной клетки, обхвата шеи.  После анатомического препарирования плечевого  сплетения проведена морфометрия всех его компонентов  (длины, толщины нервов и углов их отхождения).Результаты. Цефалический тип плечевого сплетения с  участием спинального нерва С4 установлен в 7%, каудальный тип с включением спинального нерва Th2 – в 4%  случаев. В 4% случаев отсутствует мышечно-кожный  нерв, двуглавую мышцу плеча при этом иннервирует  срединный нерв. В 93% случаев грудоспинной нерв отходит  от заднего вторичного пучка по задненижней поверхности,  в 7% это ветвь подмышечного нерва. Обхват шеи имеет  прямые значимые корреляции с длиной грудоспинного  нерва – чем больше обхват шеи, тем больше длина нерва. У женщин выведены уравнения линейной регрессии, на  основании которых можно вычислить предположительную  длину грудоспинного нерва при известном значении  ширины грудной клетки. Заключение. Длина грудоспинного нерва является  определяющей детерминантой возможности его пересадки  в позицию мышечно-кожного. В качестве внешнего  биомаркера размеров нерва-донора и нерва-реципиента  целесообразно использовать размеры обхвата шеи и для  достоверности у женщин – ширину грудной клетки.

Observation of narrow Autler-Townes components in the resonant response of a dense atomic gas

We have experimentally studied the reflection of a weak probe beam from a dense atomic potassium vapor in the presence of a strong laser field tuned to the atomic resonance transition. We have observed an Autler-Townes doublet under hitherto unexplored conditions, namely that the Rabi frequency induced by the strong laser field is much smaller than the self-broadened width of the resonance transition of the unexcited vapor. We attribute our observation to a reduction of the atomic decoherence by the strong drive field. We present a theoretical model of nonlinear processes in a dense atomic gas to explain the observed results

Projeto gráfico-editorial de manual de entrega de originais na Imprensa Universitária da UFSC

PCC(graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Design.Este trabalho apresenta a elaboração do projeto gráfico-editorial do manual de entrega de arquivos da Imprensa Universitária da UFSC. O projeto foi desenvolvido com base na metodologia de design proposta por Bruce Archer e na metodologia de estruturação de projeto gráfico-editorial proposta por Castro e Sousa (2013). Cada etapa, do planejamento a execução, foi descrita de forma detalhada expondo a pesquisa, análise, definições e justificativas para a obtenção de um produto gráfico-editorial funcional, atraente e que atende às necessidades do público e da própria Imprensa Universitária.This paper presents the development graphic-editorial project of a guide for files delivery in the Imprensa Universitária of UFSC. The project was developed based on design methodology proposed by Bruce Archer and on the graphic-editorial methodology proposed by Castro and Sousa (2013). Each stage, from planning to execution, has been described in detail, exposing the research, analysis, definitions and justifications to the conception of a functional and attractive graphic-editorial product, that meets the needs of the public and the Imprensa Universitária itself