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Examination of the āTheory of Guidanceā in the View of āAli ibn Abi Talib (a): An Exploration into the Nahj Al-Balaghah
ABSTRACT
This study examines the āTheory of Guidanceā according to āAli
ibn Abi Talib (a). This theory is based on three divine covenants
or fundamentals in guidance including the divine Prophet, the
divine Book, and the divine human nature (fitrat). Research in
this regard seems essential because this theory has not been
previously considered or researched in the discipline of
education. Research findings indicate that all three of the
pedagogic fundamentalsānamely the teacher, the student, and
the subject matterāare essential elements in guidance. Education
can be properly realized through the interaction of these
constituents enabling attainment of a status worthy of
humankind. It is important to note that the teacher, the student,
and the subject matter each have their own place, and none can
take the place of another. In this relationship, the teacher begins
the educational process. It is the teacher who must understand
the role of each of these elements and guide them wisely. In
order to fulfill the process of education, the teacher must be
prepared to receive guidance, understand the position and
character of the student, and have a good command of the topic
in a way that matches the nature and needs of the student