303 research outputs found
Surface plasma resonance in small rare gas clusters by mixing IR and VUV laser pulses
The ionization dynamics of a Xenon cluster with 40 atoms is analyzed under a
pum p probe scenario of laser pulses where an infrared laser pulse of 50 fs
length follows with a well defined time delay a VUV pulse of the same length
and peak intensity. The mechanism of resonant energy absorption due to the
coinc idence of the IR laser frequency with the frequency of collective motion
of quasi free electrons in the cluster is mapped out by varying the time delay
between the pulses
Ionization and charge migration through strong internal fields in clusters exposed to intense X-ray pulses
A general scenario for electronic charge migration in finite samples
illuminated by an intense laser pulse is given. Microscopic calculations for
neon clusters under strong short pulses as produced by X-ray free-electron
laser sources confirm this scenario and point to the prominent role of field
ionization by strong internal fields. The latter leads to the fast formation of
a core-shell system with an almost static core of screened ions while the outer
shell explodes. Substituting the shell ions with a different material such as
helium as a sacrificial layer leads to a substantial improvement of the
diffraction image for the embedded cluster thus reducing the consequences of
radiation damage for coherent diffractive imaging.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Dynamics of photo-activated Coulomb complexes
Intense light with frequencies above typical atomic or molecular ionization
potentials as provided by free-electron lasers couples many photons into
extended targets such as clusters and biomolecules. This implies, in contrast
to traditional multi-photon ionization, multiple single-photon absorption.
Thereby, many electrons are removed from their bound states and either released
or trapped if the target charge has become sufficiently large. We develop a
simple model for this photo activation to study electron migration and
interaction. It satisfies scaling relations which help to relate quite
different scenarios. To understand this type of multi-electron dynamics on very
short time scales is vital for assessing the radiation damage inflicted by that
type of radiation and to pave the way for coherent diffraction imaging of
single molecules.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl
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The fatal outcome of an individual with anorexia nervosa and Sheehan's syndrome as a result of acute enterocolitis: A case report
Objectives: To illustrate the close association between a disturbed psychosocial up-bringing, frequent physical illness, and medical interventions. Method: We report a case of a 44-year-old woman with anorexia nervosa (AN) and Sheehan's syndrome who died as a result of a toxic cardiac arrest. Results: The patient presented with a BMI of 13.6 kg/m2. She refused any intensive-care treatment and died from toxic cardiac arrest. Postmortem examination revealed an acute gastroenterocolitis. Discussion: The history of this patient illustrates how psychological deprivation led to eating disturbances, early pregnancy, and the life-threatening delivery of twins. This resulted in a diagnosis of Sheehan's syndrome, hepatitis C, and a ventricular ulcer. A psychosocial event triggered a late exacerbation of her AN. A helpful alliance between patient and staff did not occur as she rejected it
Electron release of rare gas atom clusters under an intense laser pulse
Calculating the energy absorption of atomic clusters as a function of the
laser pulse length we find a maximum for a critical . We show that
can be linked to an optimal cluster radius . The existence of this
radius can be attributed to the enhanced ionization mechanism originally
discovered for diatomic molecules. Our findings indicate that enhanced
ionization should be operative for a wide class of rare gas clusters. From a
simple Coulomb explosion ansatz, we derive an analytical expression relating
the maximum energy release to a suitably scaled expansion time which can be
expressed with the pulse length .Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
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