Hazard ratios for breast cancer-specific mortality risk in Māori compared with NZ European women with stepwise adjustment for screening status, cancer stage, biological characteristics, comorbidity and treatment factors.

<p>Hazard ratios for breast cancer-specific mortality risk in Māori compared with NZ European women with stepwise adjustment for screening status, cancer stage, biological characteristics, comorbidity and treatment factors.</p

Cox regression model for factors associated with breast cancer specific mortality in the Waikato, New Zealand 1999–2012.

<p>HR—hazard ratios, 95% CI—95% confidence intervals,</p><p>^a—adjusted for age and socio-economic deprivation.</p><p>Cox regression model for factors associated with breast cancer specific mortality in the Waikato, New Zealand 1999–2012.</p

Differences in Breast Cancer Survival between Public and Private Care in New Zealand: Which Factors Contribute?

<div><p>Background</p><p>Patients who received private health care appear to have better survival from breast cancer compared to those who received public care. This study investigated if this applied to New Zealand women and identified factors that could explain such disparities.</p><p>Methods</p><p>This study involved all women who were diagnosed with primary breast cancer in two health regions in New Zealand, covering about 40% of the national population, between June 2000 and May 2013. Patients who received public care for primary treatment, mostly surgical treatment, were compared with those who received private care in terms of demographics, mode of presentation, disease factors, comorbidity index and treatment factors. Cox regression modelling was performed with stepwise adjustments, and hazards of breast cancer specific mortality associated with the type of health care received was assessed.</p><p>Results</p><p>Of the 14,468 patients, 8,916 (61.6%) received public care. Compared to patients treated in private care facilities, they were older, more likely to be Māori, Pacifika or Asian and to reside in deprived neighbourhoods and rural areas, and less likely to be diagnosed with early staged cancer and to receive timely cancer treatments. They had a higher risk of mortality from breast cancer (hazard ratio: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.75, 2.17), of which 80% (95% CI: 63%, 100%) was explained by baseline differences, particularly related to ethnicity, stage at diagnosis and type of loco-regional therapy. After controlling for these demographic, disease and treatment factors, the risk of mortality was still 14% higher in the public sector patients.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Ethnicity, stage at diagnosis and type of loco-regional therapy were the three key contributors to survival disparities between patients treated in public and private health care facilities in New Zealand. The findings underscore the need for more efforts to improve the quality, timeliness and equitability of public cancer care services.</p></div

Breast cancer specific survival by health care facility type.

<p>Breast cancer specific survival by health care facility type.</p

Baseline characteristics by health care facility type.

<p>Baseline characteristics by health care facility type.</p

Additional file 1: of The cost-effectiveness of active surveillance compared to watchful waiting and radical prostatectomy for low risk localised prostate cancer

Supporting tables and figures for the cost-effectiveness of active surveillance. (DOCX 889 kb

Hazards of death from breast cancer by health care facility type with stepwise adjustments.

<p>Hazards of death from breast cancer by health care facility type with stepwise adjustments.</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Ethnic disparities in breast cancer survival in New Zealand: which factors contribute?

Hazards of death from breast cancer in Māori and Pacific women in comparison with non-Māori non-Pacific women by tumour stage at diagnosis. Table S2. Hazards of death from breast cancer in Māori and Pacific women in comparison with non-Māori non-Pacific women by mode of diagnosis. Table S3. Hazards of death from breast cancer in Māori and Pacific women in comparison with non-Māori non-Pacific women who were diagnosed from 2006 onward. Table S4.. Hazards of death from all causes in Māori and Pacific women in comparison with non-Māori non-Pacific women (DOCX 22 kb