Long distance effects and strangeness in the nucleon

We discuss the calculation of the strange magnetic radius of the proton in chiral perturbation theory. In particular, we investigate the low-energy component of the loop integrals involving kaons. We separate the chiral calculation into a low-energy part and a high-energy component through use of a momentum space separation scale. This separation shows that most of the chiral calculation comes from high energies where the effective field theory treatment is not valid. The resulting low-energy prediction is in better agreement with dispersive treatments. Finally, we briefly discuss magnetic moments and show how our techniques can help resolve an old puzzle in understanding the magnetic moments of the proton and S

Circular Choosability

In this paper, we study the notion of circular choosability recently introduced by Mohar and Zhu. First, we provide a negative answer to a question of Zhu about circular cliques. We next prove that, for every graph G, cch(G) = O( ch(G) + ln |V(G)| ). We investigate a generalisation of circular choosability, circular f-choosability, when f is a function of the degrees. We also consider the circular choice number of planar graphs. Mohar asked for the value of tau := sup{ cch(G) : G is planar }, and we prove that 6 <= tau <= 8, thereby providing a negative answer to another question of Mohar. Finally, we study the circular choice number of planar and outerplanar graphs with prescribed girth, and graphs with bounded density

Endoscopic laser-ablation for the treatment of orthotopic and ectopic ureteroceles in dogs: 13 cases (2008-2017).

BACKGROUND: Ureteroceles are a rare condition in dogs in which conventional treatments can result in substantial morbidity. Cystoscopic and fluoroscopic-guided laser ablation (CLA) of ureteroceles can successfully relieve obstruction. OBJECTIVES: To describe the technique and outcomes of attempting CLA for treatment of ureteroceles in dogs. ANIMALS: Thirteen client-owned dogs that underwent CLA for treatment of ureteroceles. METHODS: Retrospective multicentered study. Medical records were reviewed in all dogs that underwent CLA for ureterocele(s). A laser was used to extend the opening of the ureteral orifice (UO) unless surgical conversion was necessary. Data collected included signalment, clinicopathologic data, imaging, procedural findings, complications, and short- and long-term outcome. RESULTS: Thirteen dogs with 13 ureteroceles associated with 14 UOs resulting in ureteral obstruction were included. One ureterocele extended bilaterally. Treatment was initiated via retrograde cystoscopy (7 females), percutaneous perineal urethrocystoscopy (4 males), or percutaneous antegrade cystoscopy (2 males). Surgical conversion was necessary in 2 males. Ten of 14 (71%) UOs associated with the ureteroceles were ectopic. Thirteen of 14 had stenotic or imperforate UOs. No postoperative complications were noted. Preoperative incontinence or pollakiuria was present in 9 of 13 and 3 of 13 dogs and resolved in 8 of 9 and 3 of 3 dogs, respectively. Follow-up imaging showed resolution of all ureteroceles and improved ureteral/renal pelvic dilatation. Median follow-up time was 27 months (range, 3-96 months). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Cystoscopic-guided laser ablation was effective for the treatment of ureteroceles(s) in 11 of 13 dogs

Dugodosežzni učinci i stranost u nukleonu

We discuss the calculation of the strange magnetic radius of the proton in chiral perturbation theory. In particular, we investigate the low-energy component of the loop integrals involving kaons. We separate the chiral calculation into a low-energy part and a high-energy component through use of a momentum space separation scale. This separation shows that most of the chiral calculation comes from high energies where the effective field theory treatment is not valid. The resulting lowenergy prediction is in better agreement with dispersive treatments. Finally, we briefly discuss magnetic moments and show how our techniques can help resolve an old puzzle in understanding the magnetic moments of the proton and Σ+.Raspravljamo o računanju stranog magnetskog polumjera protona u kiralnoj teoriji smetnje. Posebice, istražujemo niskoenergijsku sastavnicu kaonskih petljanih integrala. Razdvajamo kiralni račun u niskoenergijski dio i visokoenergijsku sastavnicu primjenom razdvajajuće ljestvice impulsnog prostora. To razdvajanje pokazuje da kiralni račun većim dijelom daje doprinos na visokim energijama za koje efektivna teorija polja nije dobra. Predviđanje za niske energije je u boljem skladu s disperzivnim računom. Na kraju, kratko raspravljamo magnetske momente i pokazujemo kako naše metode mogu riješiti stari problem razumijevanja magnetskih momenata protona i Σ+

Image Labels Are All You Need for Coarse Seagrass Segmentation

Seagrass meadows serve as critical carbon sinks, but estimating the amount of carbon they store requires knowledge of the seagrass species present. Underwater and surface vehicles equipped with machine learning algorithms can help to accurately estimate the composition and extent of seagrass meadows at scale. However, previous approaches for seagrass detection and classification have required supervision from patch-level labels. In this paper, we reframe seagrass classification as a weakly supervised coarse segmentation problem where image-level labels are used during training (25 times fewer labels compared to patch-level labeling) and patch-level outputs are obtained at inference time. To this end, we introduce SeaFeats, an architecture that uses unsupervised contrastive pre-training and feature similarity, and SeaCLIP, a model that showcases the effectiveness of large language models as a supervisory signal in domain-specific applications. We demonstrate that an ensemble of SeaFeats and SeaCLIP leads to highly robust performance. Our method outperforms previous approaches that require patch-level labels on the multi-species 'DeepSeagrass' dataset by 6.8% (absolute) for the class-weighted F1 score, and by 12.1% (absolute) for the seagrass presence/absence F1 score on the 'Global Wetlands' dataset. We also present two case studies for real-world deployment: outlier detection on the Global Wetlands dataset, and application of our method on imagery collected by the FloatyBoat autonomous surface vehicle.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, additional 3 pages of supplementary materia

Dugodosežzni učinci i stranost u nukleonu

We discuss the calculation of the strange magnetic radius of the proton in chiral perturbation theory. In particular, we investigate the low-energy component of the loop integrals involving kaons. We separate the chiral calculation into a low-energy part and a high-energy component through use of a momentum space separation scale. This separation shows that most of the chiral calculation comes from high energies where the effective field theory treatment is not valid. The resulting lowenergy prediction is in better agreement with dispersive treatments. Finally, we briefly discuss magnetic moments and show how our techniques can help resolve an old puzzle in understanding the magnetic moments of the proton and Σ+.Raspravljamo o računanju stranog magnetskog polumjera protona u kiralnoj teoriji smetnje. Posebice, istražujemo niskoenergijsku sastavnicu kaonskih petljanih integrala. Razdvajamo kiralni račun u niskoenergijski dio i visokoenergijsku sastavnicu primjenom razdvajajuće ljestvice impulsnog prostora. To razdvajanje pokazuje da kiralni račun većim dijelom daje doprinos na visokim energijama za koje efektivna teorija polja nije dobra. Predviđanje za niske energije je u boljem skladu s disperzivnim računom. Na kraju, kratko raspravljamo magnetske momente i pokazujemo kako naše metode mogu riješiti stari problem razumijevanja magnetskih momenata protona i Σ+

Minimizing the stochasticity of halos in large-scale structure surveys

In recent work (Seljak, Hamaus and Desjacques 2009) it was found that weighting central halo galaxies by halo mass can significantly suppress their stochasticity relative to the dark matter, well below the Poisson model expectation. In this paper we extend this study with the goal of finding the optimal mass-dependent halo weighting and use $N$-body simulations to perform a general analysis of halo stochasticity and its dependence on halo mass. We investigate the stochasticity matrix, defined as $C_{ij}\equiv<(\delta_i -b_i\delta_m)(\delta_j-b_j\delta_m)>$, where $\delta_m$ is the dark matter overdensity in Fourier space, $\delta_i$ the halo overdensity of the $i$-th halo mass bin and $b_i$ the halo bias. In contrast to the Poisson model predictions we detect nonvanishing correlations between different mass bins. We also find the diagonal terms to be sub-Poissonian for the highest-mass halos. The diagonalization of this matrix results in one large and one low eigenvalue, with the remaining eigenvalues close to the Poisson prediction $1/\bar{n}$, where $\bar{n}$ is the mean halo number density. The eigenmode with the lowest eigenvalue contains most of the information and the corresponding eigenvector provides an optimal weighting function to minimize the stochasticity between halos and dark matter. We find this optimal weighting function to match linear mass weighting at high masses, while at the low-mass end the weights approach a constant whose value depends on the low-mass cut in the halo mass function. Finally, we employ the halo model to derive the stochasticity matrix and the scale-dependent bias from an analytical perspective. It is remarkably successful in reproducing our numerical results and predicts that the stochasticity between halos and the dark matter can be reduced further when going to halo masses lower than we can resolve in current simulations.Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures, matched the published version in Phys. Rev. D including one new figur