Lively data: discover, browse and access ocean altimetry data on internet

International audienceThe Products and Services (P&S) department in the Space Oceanography Division at CLS (Collecte, Localisation, Satellites) is in charge of distributing and promoting altimetry and operational oceanography data. The department is thus involved in the Aviso satellite altimetry project (the French service which distributes altimetry products since 1992), in the Mercator ocean operational forecasting system, and in the European Godae/Mersea ocean portal. Aiming to a standardisation and a common vision and management of all these ocean data, all these projects, led to the implementation of several Opendap/LAS Internet servers (Baudel et al., 2004). Some of the possibilities of the tools, as well as how-to information will be highlighted, as they are in the "Lively data'' section of Aviso website (see http://www.aviso.oceanobs.com/html/donnees/las/). Moreover, with a two-year experience we now have some feedback and analysis of how people – users, would-be users and students alike – are using this tool, some ideas for possible enhancements, etc

Diagnostic performance of FibroTest, SteatoTest and ActiTest in patients with NAFLD using the SAF score as histological reference

BACKGROUND: Blood tests of liver injury are less well validated in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) than in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. AIMS: To improve the validation of three blood tests used in NAFLD patients, FibroTest for fibrosis staging, SteatoTest for steatosis grading and ActiTest for inflammation activity grading. METHODS: We pre‐included new NAFLD patients with biopsy and blood tests from a single‐centre cohort (FibroFrance) and from the multicentre FLIP consortium. Contemporaneous biopsies were blindly assessed using the new steatosis, activity and fibrosis (SAF) score, which provides a reliable and reproducible diagnosis and grading/staging of the three elementary features of NAFLD (steatosis, inflammatory activity) and fibrosis with reduced interobserver variability. We used nonbinary‐ROC (NonBinAUROC) as the main endpoint to prevent spectrum effect and multiple testing. RESULTS: A total of 600 patients with reliable tests and biopsies were included. The mean NonBinAUROCs (95% CI) of tests were all significant (P < 0.0001): 0.878 (0.864–0.892) for FibroTest and fibrosis stages, 0.846 (0.830–0.862) for ActiTest and activity grades, and 0.822 (0.804–0.840) for SteatoTest and steatosis grades. FibroTest had a higher NonBinAUROC than BARD (0.836; 0.820–0.852; P = 0.0001), FIB4 (0.845; 0.829–0.861; P = 0.007) but not significantly different than the NAFLD score (0.866; 0.850–0.882; P = 0.26). FibroTest had a significant difference in median values between adjacent stage F2 and stage F1 contrarily to BARD, FIB4 and NAFLD scores (Bonferroni test P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with NAFLD, SteatoTest, ActiTest and FibroTest are non‐invasive tests that offer an alternative to biopsy, and they correlate with the simple grading/staging of the SAF scoring system across the three elementary features of NAFLD: steatosis, inflammatory activity and fibrosis

AVISO user service, at the crossroads between user information, outreach and education

Initially set up to distribute Topex/Poseidon ocean altimetry satellite data, AVISO user service has been the link between the Topex/Poseidon and Jason-1 projects, users and the general public. The service has continually broadened the scope of its activities, forging close ties with users to achieve efficient dissemination of general, technical, and scientific information. Such a synergy between user services and outreach has many advantages, both for users and for public outreach, including educational ones

The ESA LEARNEO! project for stimulating earth observation education

LeanEO! is a 2-year Earth Observation education project funded by the European Space Agency (ESA) and developed by different European Institutions. Its main aim is to increase the understanding and knowledge of satellite data obtained from ESA missions and demonstrate how these can be used when faced with environmental problems in the real world. The project has developed hands-on training resources for use primarily (but not exclusively) by teachers and students at upper high school to university level. Each lesson comes complete with data, analysis tools and exhaustive background information necessary for the completion of the suggested activities and provides answers to the various study questions. Model answers are supplied for users working on their own or with limited specialist support. In this paper the aims and the opportunities provided by the project will be described in detail

The ESA LEARNEO! project for stimulating earth observation education

LeanEO! is a 2-year Earth Observation education project funded by the European Space Agency (ESA) and developed by different European Institutions. Its main aim is to increase the understanding and knowledge of satellite data obtained from ESA missions and demonstrate how these can be used when faced with environmental problems in the real world. The project has developed hands-on training resources for use primarily (but not exclusively) by teachers and students at upper high school to university level. Each lesson comes complete with data, analysis tools and exhaustive background information necessary for the completion of the suggested activities and provides answers to the various study questions. Model answers are supplied for users working on their own or with limited specialist support. In this paper the aims and the opportunities provided by the project will be described in detail