Pengaruh Kondisi Proses Ekstraksi Batang Brotowali (Tinospora Crispa (L) Hook.f & Thomson) terhadap Aktivitas Hambatan Enzim Alfa Glukosidase

Brotowali (Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook.f. &Thomson) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang telah banyak digunakan untuk pengobatan tradisional dan memiliki aktivitas sebagai antidiabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kondisi proses ekstraksi batang brotowali terhadap aktivitas hambatan enzim alfa glukosidase, kadar total fenol dan Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). Simplisia batang brotowali yang digunakan memiliki kadar susut pengeringan sebesar 11,59%; kadar air 9,11%; kadar abu total 7,62%; kadar abu tidak larut asam 5,00%; kadar sari larut air 2,24%; kadar sari larut etanol 0,53% dan kadar total fenol 2,90 mg Ekivalen Asam Galat (EAG)/g simplisia. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel tetap yaitu metode ekstraksi perkolasi, konsentrasi etanol kualitas pangan 70% dan laju alir pelarut 250 mL/menit. Sedangkan variabel peubahnya adalah delapan waktu ekstraksi (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210 dan 240 menit) dan tiga perbandingan simplisia-pelarut (1:10, 1:15 dan 1:20). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai aktivitas hambatan enzim alfa glukosidase dan TDS tertinggi diperoleh pada perbandingan simplisia-pelarut 1:10 dan berbeda signifikan (P<0,05) dengan perbandingan simplisia-pelarut 1:15 dan 1:20. Kadar total fenol berbeda signifikan (P< 0,05) antara ketiga perbandingan simplisia-pelarut 1:10, 1:15 dan 1:20. Proses waktu ekstraksi menunjukkan perbandingan nisbah simplisia-pelarut 1:10 memiliki aktivitas hambatan enzim alfa glukosidase tertinggi 81,31%, kadar total fenol 40,52 mg EAG/g ekstrak pada180 menit. Perbandingan simplisia-pelarut 1:15 diperoleh hambatan enzim alfa glukosidase tertinggi 74,79%, kadar total fenol 22,74 mg EAG/g ekstrak pada 30 menit. Sedangkan perbandingan simplisia-pelarut 1:20 diperoleh hambatan enzim alfa glukosidase tertinggi 65,00%, kadar total fenol 30,69 mg EAG/g ekstrak pada 210 menit.Kata kunci : Ekstraksi, Tinospora crispa, alfa glukosidase AbstractBrotowali (Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook.f. &Thomson) is one of medicinal plants, which is widely used as traditional medicine and has been using as an antidiabetic activity. The aims of study were to investigate the influence of extraction process of T.crispa on alpha-glucosidase inhibitoryactivity, total phenols content and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) content. T.crispa used content of loss on drying, water content, total ash, acid insoluble ash, compound soluble in water, soluble in ethanol and total phenols were found to be 11.59%, 9.11%, 7.62%, 5.00%, 2.24%, 0.53% and 2.90 mg Gallic Acide Equivalent (GAE)/g respectively. This study used dependent variables those were method of extraction using percolation, 70% ethanol food grade as solvent and 250 mL/min flow rate of extraction. There were eight extraction times (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210 and 240 minutes) and three ratios of T.crispa-solvent (1:10, 1:15 and 1:20) as nondependent variable. The results of extraction process showed that alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity and TDS content of the highest in ratio T.crispa solvent of 1:10 and significantly difference (P<0.05) than 1:15 and 1:20. The total phenols content of all ratios of T.crispa-solvents 1:10, 1:15 and 1:20 having a significantly difference (P<0.05). The process of extraction time in ratio T.crispa-solven 1:10 with the best alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity 8.13%, phenol total content 40.52 mg GAE/g was on 180 minutes. Extraction time in ratio T.crispa-solven 1:15 with alpha glucosidase inhibitory activity 74.79% and phenol total content 22.74 mg GAE/g was on 30 minutes. Extraction time in ratio T.crispa-solven 1:20 with alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity 65.00%, phenol total content 30.69mg GAE/g was on 210 minutes.Keywords : Extraction, Tinospora crispa, alpha-glucosidas

Optimasi Kondisi Ekstraksi Senyawa Total Fenolik Buah Labu Siam (Sechium Edule (Jacq.) Sw.) Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology

Chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq). Sw.) is one of the vegetable plants that can be used for traditional medicine and has activity as an antioxidant. The objective of the research is to know aims the optimum condition of fruit of chayote extract to total phenolic compound. The method for determining the optimum condition is by using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was selected as a research design with three factors parameters and three levels. The three variabels used are the extraction times (2, 3 and 4 hours), chayote-solvents ratio (1:5, 1:10 and 1:15) and solvent concentration (food quality ethanol 30, 50 and 70%). The total phenolic content and yield extraction were obtained as the non-dependent variables. The extraction was done by percolation method and total phenolic content was analyzed by using ELISA reader. The simplicis used is fresh fruit of chayote with dried up shrink rate of 90.47%, water content 93.69%, total ash content of 0.44%, 0.02% acid soluble ash content, 0.52% for soluble compound in water, 0.52% soluble in ethanol, and total phenol content of 4.75 mg EAG/g dry simplicia. The results showed that the optimum condition of extraction for fresh fruit of chayote was obtained at 2 hours extraction with 1:14.35 chayote-solvent ratios and ethanol concentration 66.22% with total phenol value 2.50 mg EAG/g extract and 2.20% extraction yields. In conclusion, the total phenolic compounds of fruit chayote has been successfully optimized using the Response Surface Methodology technique. The optimum condition of total phenolic compound of fruit chayote is in the range of factors determined

Pengujian Stabilitas Sediaan Antiacne Berbahan Baku Aktif Nanopartikel Kitosan/ Ekstrak Manggis - Pegagan

Acne vulgaris is a common human skin disease and commonly was treatment by antiacne formula with antibiotics substances as active compounds. As alternative formula for treatment acne vulgaris and dicrease of antibiotics resistance effect, the new formula antiacne with chitosan/Garcinia mangostana-Centella asiatica extracts nanoparticles as active compound has been developed. For the evaluation of formula quality, the stability testing of antiacne formula with active substance chitosan/G. mangostana-C.asiatica extracts nanoparticles after storage at room temperature for 24 weeks and 40oC/75% RH for 12 weeks have been examined. The stability testing was evaluated including therapeutical, physical, chemical and microbiologicaltests. The therapeutical test of samples was observed by inhibition growth of Propionicbacterium acnes while the physical test was observed by organoleptic parameters such as stability of gel, color, odor, viscosity, and weight of samples. The chemical test was studied of pH and determination of marker compoundwhile the microbiologicaltest was evaluated the degree of contaminant bacteria and yeast. The results of test showed that the antiacne formula have a good stability for all properties at two conditions of storage. Keywords : Stability, antiacne, formula, chitosan, Garcinia mangostanaextract, Centella asiaticaextract Abstrak Acne vulgaris merupakan penyakit kulit umum diderita manusia dan umumnya dapat diobati menggunakan sediaan antiacne dengan bahan aktif berupa senyawa antibiotika. Sebagai alternatif sediaan untuk mengatasi masalah antiacne dan efek negatif resistensi senyawa antibiotika maka telah dibuat suatu sediaan antiacne berbahan aktif nanopartikel kitosan/ekstrak garcinia mangostana-centella asiatica.Untuk evaluasi kualitas produk sediaan maka telah dilakukan pengujian stabilitas sediaan antiacne mengandung bahan aktif nanopartikel kitosan/ekstrak G. mangostana-C.asiaticasetelah penyimpanan 24 minggu pada suhu ruang dan 12 minggu pada 40oC/75 RH. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah meliputi uji khasiat, sifat fisika, sifat kimia dan mikrobiologi.Uji khasiat sediaan tersebut telah dilakukan dengan menguji aktivitas penghambatan terhadap Propionibacterium acnés sedangkan pengujian sifat fisika dilakukan terhadap parameter organoleptik dengan mengamati bentuk, bau, warna, viskositas, berat sediaan dan jenis emulsi. Adapun stabilitas kimia dilakukan terhadap parameter pH dan kandungan senyawa marker sedangkan pengujian mikrobiologi dilakukan terhadap parameter cemaran mikroba (angka lempeng total) dan kapang (angka kapang khamir). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sediaan antiacne yang diuji mempunyai stabilitas khasiat, fisika, kimia dan mikrobiologi yang baik selama waktu penyimpanan pada kedua kondisi tersebut.Kata kunci : Stabilitas, antiacne, sediaan, kitosan, ekstrak manggis, ekstrak Pegaga

Sintesis Dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Kitosan – Ekstrak Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia Mangostana)

The chitosan – Garcinia Mangostana extract nanoparticles has been prepared by ionic gelation reaction by mixture 0.2 % chitosan solution in acetic acid with Garcinia Mangostana extract and it's continued by reaction process with 0.1 % sodium tripolyphosphate. The particle size of material was determined by Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) that it showed in the range of 200 – 500 nm. The color, pH, water, α- mangostin, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, lead, totally microbe aerobic, totally mold and yeast, and solvent residue contents of nanoparticles were also examined by many methods that these resulted are yellow, 4.50 – 5.50, 89 – 90 %, 1.05 %, < 0.005 ppm, < 0.01 ppm, < 0.01 ppm, < 0.05 ppm, < 10 CFU/g, < 10 CFU/g and not detected, respectively. The other characterization was also observed that it'sincluded stability andTLC chromatogram. A mixture of nanoparticles with cosmetics bases was showed that it's increased stability, homogeneity and easy to formed