DIVERSITY OF THE PARASITOID WASPS OF THE EULOPHTD SUBFAMILY EULOPHINAE (INSECTA: HYMENOPTERA, EULOPHIDAE) OF JAVA, INDONESIA AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION

Diversity of the Parasitoid Wasps of the Eulophid Subfamily Eulophinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) of Java, Indonesia and their distribution is presented for the first time. Most of eulophines are ectoparasitoids that attack concealed hosts in protected situations, such as leafminers, woodborers and leaf rollers. The subfamily are frequently involved in biological control programs directed against dipteran and lepidopteran leaf-mining pests, and many eulophine genera have been considered economically important. The taxonomy and distribution of the species in Asia, especially in Java, are however still poorly studied despite the fact that the subfamily is an important group for sustainable agriculture. This study is based on the specimens newly collected from many localities in Java and Bali using sweep netting, Malaise trapping, yellow-pan trapping and rearing from their hosts. All the three tribes (Elasmini, Cirrospilini and Eulophini) of the subfamily Eulophinae are recognized in the islands.A single genus of Elamini, three genera of Cirrospilini and 19 genera of Eulophini are recognized in the islands and they included 14 genera as new records for the islands and 66 undescribed species. A total of 110 species are recognized in Java and Bali; of those about 86% are new records for the islands and about 60% are undescribed species. Considering the species so far known for their world distribution pattern, eulophine species occurring in Java are mainly Oriental elements, a few species are Australian and a very small number of species is endemic, while several species that could have been artificially introduced with their hosts are worldwide in their distribution. Based on the climatic and geological features, the species diversity and geographical distribution of the Eulophine in Java and neighboring island are discussed

A CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE PARASITIC WASPS SUBFAMILY EULOPHINAE (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) OF JAVA, INDONESIA

A study of the eulophid wasp subfamily Eulophinae was carried outbetween 2004-2006 in Java and the adjacent small islands (e.g. Bali, Madura,Nusa Barong, Sempu, Nusakambangan and Krakataus) to determine theEulophinae fauna of Java. As a result, 23 genera and 86 species, belonging tothe subfamily Eulophinae were found, from those 11 genera and 35 species arenew record for Java and Indonesia. Key to genera, generic diagnostic and theavailable eulophine species to the islands are presented

Parasioid Wasps of Eulophinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in Nusa TenggaraRA TIMUR, INDONESIA

Eulopliid parasitoid wasps of the Enlophinnc III Nusa Tenggara TIII/llr, i ndonesia, were studied taxonomicallu. A total of15 species 111 nine gellern are recorded. From those species eight are described neui toscience. Keys to gel/era and species are presented.Key words: Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae, Eulophinae, new record and new species,key, Indonesia, Tirnor, Flores, Sumb

REVIEW OF PARASITIC WASP SUBFAMILY EULOPHINAE (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE OF THE TRIBE CIRROSPILINI

The Cirrospilini LaSalle, 2000, belongs to the Eulophinae, along withEulophini and Elasmini. This tribe consists of about 17 genera and almost 300 species, which are ectoparasitoids, mainly on Diptera, Lepidoptera and Coleoptera in semi-concealed situations. Some species may act as obligate or facultative hyperparasitoids and a few species are gall-formers. Historically, the genera included in the Cirrospilini have been placed in the Eulophinae and the Elachertinae sensu Ashmead, 1904. However, the relationships and the placement of genera into subfamilies or tribes have always been problematical. Based on the current evidence, it appears that the Cirrospilini is a monophyletic taxon and the sister-group of the Eulophini plus Elasmini. This paper summarizes the current taxonomic status and systematic background of the Cirrospilini.Key words: Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae, Eulophinae, tribe Cirrospilini, taxonomical revie

Diversity of the Parasitoid Wasps of the Eulophtd Subfamily Eulophinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) of Java, Indonesia and Their Distribution

Diversity of the Parasitoid Wasps of the Eulophid Subfamily Eulophinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) of Java, Indonesia and their distribution is presented for the first time. Most of eulophines are ectoparasitoids that attack concealed hosts in protected situations, such as leafminers, woodborers and leaf rollers. The subfamily are frequently involved in biological control programs directed against dipteran and lepidopteran leaf-mining pests, and many eulophine genera have been considered economically important. The taxonomy and distribution of the species in Asia, especially in Java, are however still poorly studied despite the fact that the subfamily is an important group for sustainable agriculture. This study is based on the specimens newly collected from many localities in Java and Bali using sweep netting, Malaise trapping, yellow-pan trapping and rearing from their hosts. All the three tribes (Elasmini, Cirrospilini and Eulophini) of the subfamily Eulophinae are recognized in the islands.A single genus of Elamini, three genera of Cirrospilini and 19 genera of Eulophini are recognized in the islands and they included 14 genera as new records for the islands and 66 undescribed species. A total of 110 species are recognized in Java and Bali; of those about 86% are new records for the islands and about 60% are undescribed species. Considering the species so far known for their world distribution pattern, eulophine species occurring in Java are mainly Oriental elements, a few species are Australian and a very small number of species is endemic, while several species that could have been artificially introduced with their hosts are worldwide in their distribution. Based on the climatic and geological features, the species diversity and geographical distribution of the Eulophine in Java and neighboring island are discussed

NOTES ON PARASITIC WASP GENUS PEDIOBIUS WALKER (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) OF JAVA-INDONESIA, WITH FIVE NEW RECORDS

Fourteen species of parasitic wasps in the genus Pediobius Walker(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) are reported from Java, Indonesia, based on existingliteratures and an examination of about 130 specimens of the genus newlycollected from many localities in Java. The following five species are recordedfrom Java for the first time: Pediobius agaristae (Cameron), P. aspidomorphae(Girault), P. foveolatus (Crawford), P. inexpectatus Kerrich, and P. viridifrons(Motschulsky). Detailed citation, hosts, locality records, material examined aregiven for all species and arranged in alphabetical order

RECORD OF Smicromorpha, (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDIDAE: SMICROMORPHINAE) POSSIBLE PARASITOIDS OF WEAVER ANTS, FROM HALMAHERA, THE NORTH MOLUCCAS

Abstract not availabl

Parasitoid Chalcidoidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera) Sebagai Agen Pengendalian Hama Secara Biologi Pada Terong (Solanum Melongena L.) Dan Pare (Momordica Charantia L.)

The Parasitics wasp superfamily Chalcidoidea (Insecta : Hymenoptera) potentialas biological control agents for pests of Eggplant (Solanum melongena) and BitterMelon (Momordica charantia). The recent contribution on diversity of parasitics waspChalcidoidea for biological control perspective against the pests of the two economiccrops was discussed, with emphasis on the most significant steps for the selection ofcandidate biological control agents. The survey was carried out in Bogor, West Javausing Malaise traps, Yellow pan traps and a Swept net. The crops are the most economicallyimportant in agriculture not only in West Java but also in Indonesia. Meanwhile the pestcontrol of those two crops has so far been used only by the insecticides and would affectto the health of the production of the crops when the vegetables are consumed freshly. Ofthe 78 species within 8 familes of Chalcidoidea are found in both crops, 7 species can beclassified as potential biological control agents. With the object of biological control ofthese 7 species, a survey was carried out to establish the presence and importance oftheir natural enemies on those crops in Java

TAXONOMY OF SOCIAL WASPS OF THE POLlSTINE TRIBE ROPALlDIINI (HYMENOPTERA: VESPIDAE) IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE LESSER SUNDA ISLANDS

The taxonomy of social wasps of the poiistine tribe Ropalidiini in the eastern part of ti,e Lesser Sunda Islands (viz., Sumba, Flores and Timor as included major islands) was studied based mainly on specimens recently collected by ourselves and those deposited in the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Bogor. Parapolybia varia (Fabricius) and 11 species of Ropalictia are recognized ill tile region and their faunal characteristics are discussed. Nomenclatural changes included are: synonymy of Ropalidia laticincta floresinana van der vecht, 1962 underR. laticincta van der vecht, 1962; synonymies of Icaria nigroplagiata Cameron, 1900, R. mathematica binotata uau der vecin, 1941 and R. mathematica sumbaensis van der vecht, 1962, all under R. mathematica(Smith: 1860); revised status of R. socialis trimarulata van der vecht, 1962, and R. variegata dichrorna van der vecht, 1941, both being raised to species milk. New locality records are R. cyathiformis from Lombok and Flores Islallds, R. laticincta from Sobu (or Sawu) Island, R. rufoplagiata (Cameron) from Timor Island, and R. javanica van der vecht from Sumbawa island.Key words: Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae, Ropalidiini, distribution, Indonesia, synonym

The Oriental Tiny Frog of the Genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1839 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) Revealed across Geographical Barriers of the Wallace Line

The frog genus Microhyla was considered as the South, East, and Southeast Asian frog species. Microhyla orientalis was described in 2013, distributed in Java and Bali, Indonesia. Thenceforth, it was known as the easternmost distribution of this genus within the oriental region, but recently this species was recorded from the Timor Island and Sulawesi on the Wallace regions. We applied molecular analysis to evaluate the taxonomic status  and the origin of the Wallacean population. Phylogenetic analysis using the partial 16S mitochondrial gene demonstrated that the Java, Timor and Sulawesi populations were not significantly different from the Bali population. This Wallacean population of M. orientalis was originated from Java and possibly it is accidentally distributed by humans through the expansion of agricultural activity