7 research outputs found
The Measels-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination from a health political and economical point of view
Introduction: Measels, Mumps and Rubella (MMR) are highly contagious infectious diseases which may lead to severe complications. These diseases are vaccine-preventable. The present Health Technology Assessment report (report on technological consequences, HTA report) was commissioned by the German Institute of Medical Documentation and Information (DIMDI) and addresses various aspects of the MMR vaccination, the key question being how the MMR immunisation coverage rate can be increased in Germany. Objectives: The objectives of this report were to describe the benefits of the MMR vaccination for Germany and to analyse how the desired MMR immunisation coverage of >95% can be achieved. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in 29 literature data bases. Particularly for epidemiological data and information on vaccination programs, this systematic search was supplemented by an extensive hand search, written and oral enquiries, as well as interviews with experts. A total of 200 texts were used to prepare this report. Results: At 92.5% (as of 2004) based on the whole of Germany, the current immunisation coverage for measles in children is above the weighted EC-15-average of 90.67%. Statements can only be made regarding the probability of illness for measles, as no data is available for mumps and rubella. With 2.8 infections (per 100,000 residents) in 2006, Germany has not achieved the WHO target. Of cases submitted to the laboratory, only 32% were validated by diagnostic laboratory findings and 45% confirmed clinical-epidemiologically. There are only few economic analyses of vaccination programs in Germany. In international publications, mainly measels are validated economically. An analysis of the cost of measles for Germany shows potential cost savings. Unfortunately, no complete economic evaluation (cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit, or cost-utility analyses) for MMR vaccination has been performed for Germany. Analyses conducted in the US and a model calculation for a hypothetical Western-European country show a considerable cost saving potential for society in general as well as for the health care system. Interventions to increase the immunisation rate were categorized in three main groups according to their goals: interventions increasing the demand for vaccinations, those improving access to vaccination services and those aiming at the providers (e.g. physicians) of vaccinations. Discussion: Various studies concluded that reminders to clients, provided in written, electronic or oral form, are a highly recommendable intervention. Provider based interventions were also strongly advised.Despite efforts made during the past years to achieve herd immunity in Germany, some deficits remain: i. e. there are still ample regional differences between and within German federal states. Conclusions: In the authorsâ opinion, a key point in increasing immunisation coverage is the development of a binding vaccination program for Germany with regionally differentiated immunisation targets. During the development of such a program, special emphasis should be placed on determining responsibilities of the federal government, the Laender and health insurance funds (e. g. in the case of a measles outbreak)
Institutionelle Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung und PrÀvention
Am 1. 6. 2017 wurden die Ergebnisse der Grundlagenstudie zur Betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung, die im Auftrag der Arbeiterkammer Wien, des Bundesministeriums fĂŒr Gesundheit und Frauen, des Bundesministeriums fĂŒr Arbeit, Soziales und Konsumentenschutz sowie der Wirtschaftskammer Ăsterreich von der GĂG gemeinsam mit dem Institut fĂŒr Gesundheitsförderung und PrĂ€vention erstellt wurde, im AK-Bildungszentrum prĂ€sentiert. In Ăsterreich setzen verschiedene öffentliche Institutionen (Sozialversicherungen, Ministerien, Einrichtungen auf LĂ€nderebene) verstĂ€rkt AktivitĂ€ten zur Förderung von Gesundheit und zum Erhalt bzw. zur Wiederherstellung der ArbeitsfĂ€higkeit. Diese AktivitĂ€ten lassen sich als âInstitutionelle Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung und PrĂ€ventionâ (BGF) zusammenfassen und haben teilweise unterschiedliche, teilweise ĂŒberschneidende Schwerpunkte und Zielgruppen. Die Studie gliedert sich in drei Module. Modul 1 behandelt die Internationale Evidenz. Die vorliegende wissenschaftliche Evidenz zu Wirksamkeit und ökonomischem Nutzen von BGF-MaĂnahmen wird analysiert und zusammengefasst, komplexe Interventionen der Betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung werden anhand von Projektbeispielen vorgestellt. Zudem werden Organisation, Finanzierung und Umsetzung der Betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung in ausgewĂ€hlten europĂ€ischen LĂ€ndern (Deutschland, Finnland, Schweiz) beleuchtet. ErgĂ€nzend werden MaĂnahmen aus verschiedenen europĂ€ischen LĂ€ndern beschrieben, die dazu beitragen sollen, dass BeschĂ€ftigte ihre ArbeitsfĂ€higkeit erhalten und so lĂ€nger in BeschĂ€ftigung bleiben können. In Modul 2 erfolgt eine Bestandsaufnahme in Ăsterreich, basierend auf einer umfangreichen Recherche und auf qualitativen Interviews. Die Interviews zielten darauf ab, die Ergebnisse der Recherche zu vertiefen und VerbesserungsvorschlĂ€ge abzuleiten. [...