Verrucous carcinoma of the hand: a rare presentation evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging

O carcinoma verrucoso é uma variante do carcinoma de células escamosas, vista em mucosas e pele, raramente encontrada na mão. Nós relatamos um caso de duas lesões no dorso da mão, sem contato entre si, que foram ressecadas em bloco e confirmadas como carcinoma verrucoso.Verrucous carcinoma is a variant of squamous cell carcinoma seen in mucous membranes and skin, and rarely found in the hand. The present report describes a case of two lesions on the dorsum of the hand, with no contact to each other, which underwent en-block resection and were confirmed as verrucous carcinoma

Diagnostic Accuracy of Conventional Ankle CT Scan With External Rotation and Dorsiflexion in Patients With Acute Isolated Syndesmotic Instability

Category: Ankle; Sports Introduction/Purpose: Syndesmotic injury in an athletic population is associated with a prolonged ankle disability after an ankle sprain and often requires a longer recovery than a lateral collateral ligament injury. Although several imaging tests are available, diagnosing syndesmotic instability remains challenging. The main objective was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of conventional ankle computed tomography (CT) scans with the joint in external rotation and dorsiflexion and compare it with that of conventional ankle CT scans in a neutral position. Methods: Between September 2018 and April 2021, this prospective study consecutively included adults visiting the foot and ankle outpatient clinic with a positive orthopedic examination for acute syndesmotic injury. Participants underwent 3 CT scan tests. First, ankles were scanned in a neutral position. Second, ankles were scanned with 45° of external rotation, dorsiflexion, and extended knees. Third, ankles were scanned with 45° of external rotation, dorsiflexion, and flexed knees. Three measurements, comprising rotation (measurement a), lateral translation (measurement c), and anteroposterior translation (measurement f) of the fibula concerning the tibia, were used to diagnose syndesmotic instability in the 3 CT scans. Magnetic resonance imaging was used as a reference standard. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to compare the diagnostic accuracy, and Youden’s J index was calculated to determine the ideal cutoff point. Results: Images obtained in 68 participants (mean age, 36.5 years; range, 18-69 years) were analyzed, comprising 36 syndesmotic injuries and 32 lateral collateral ligament injuries. The best diagnostic accuracy occurred with the rotational measurement a, in which the second and third CT scans with stress maneuvers presented greater AUCs (0.97 and 0.99) than the first CT scan in a neutral position (0.62). The ideal cutoff point for the stress maneuvers was 1.0 mm in the rotational measurement and reached a sensitivity and specificity of 83% and 97% for the second CT scan with extended knees and 86% and 100% for the third CT scan with flexed knees, respectively. Conclusion: Conventional ankle CT with stress maneuvers has excellent performance for diagnosing subtle syndesmotic rotational instability, as it shows a greater AUC and enhanced sensitivity at the ideal cutoff point compared with ankle CT in the neutral position

Comparative CT with stress manoeuvres for diagnosing distal isolated tibiofibular syndesmotic injury in acute ankle sprain: a protocol for an accuracy- test prospective study

Introduction Although several imaging options are available for diagnosing syndesmotic injury, a fundamental question that guides treatment remains unanswered. Syndesmotic instability is still challenging to diagnose correctly, and syndesmotic disruption and true syndesmotic instability should be differentiated. Currently, imaging tests quickly diagnose severe syndesmotic instability but have difficulty in diagnosing mild and moderate cases. This study aims to investigate which strategy among an existing CT index test and two new add-on CT index tests with stress manoeuvres more accurately diagnoses syndesmotic instability. The secondary objective is to investigate the participants’ disability outcomes by applying the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure questionnaire.Methods and analyses This study of a diagnostic accuracy test will consecutively select individuals older than 18 years with a clinical diagnosis of a suspected acute syndesmotic injury. Three strategies of the CT index test (one in the neutral position and two with stress) will examine the accuracy using MRI as the reference standard. The external rotation and dorsiflexion of the ankle will guide the stress manoeuvres. A comparison of measurements between the injured syndesmosis and the uninjured contralateral side of the same individual will investigate the syndesmotic instability, by evaluating the rotational and translational relationships between the fibula and tibia. Sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and likelihood analyses will compare the diagnostic accuracies of the strategies.Ethics and dissemination The Internal Review Board and the Einstein Ethics Committee approved this study (registered number 62100016.5.0000.0071). All participants will receive an oral description of the study’s aim, and the choice to participate will be free and voluntary. Participants will be enrolled after they sign the written informed consent form, including the terms of confidentiality. The results will be presented at national and international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals and social media.Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT04095598; preresults)

Procedimentos percutâneos pélvicos guiados por imagem: revisão das principais vias de acesso Image-guided percutaneous procedures in deep pelvic sites: review of the main approaches

Os procedimentos percutâneos orientados por imagem têm ganhado espaço crescente na radiologia intervencionista, constituindo ferramenta eficaz para a abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica de massas e coleções nos diversos segmentos corporais. No entanto, localizações pélvicas profundas ainda representam grande desafio para o radiologista, por causa da interposição de estruturas anatômicas. Para que o procedimento seja bem sucedido é fundamental o planejamento da via de acesso baseado no conhecimento detalhado da anatomia radiológica da pelve. As principais vias de acesso para a abordagem destas lesões são: transabdominais (anterior e lateral), extraperitoneal ântero-lateral, transvaginal, transretal e transglútea. O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer uma revisão da anatomia seccional pélvica normal, demonstrando as diversas vias de acesso para biópsias e drenagens guiadas pela ultra-sonografia e pela tomografia computadorizada, bem como discutir as principais vantagens e complicações potenciais de cada uma delas.<br>Image-guided percutaneous procedures have increasingly been established as safe and effective interventional tools in the diagnosis and management of masses and collections in several body segments. However, lesions in deep pelvic sites still pose a challenge for radiologists because of overlying anatomic structures. The success of a percutaneous biopsy depends on a safe access route planning based on a deep understanding of cross sectional anatomy of the pelvis. Anterior and lateral transabdominal, anterolateral extraperitoneal, transvaginal, transrectal and transgluteal approaches are described. The present study was aimed at reviewing the normal pelvic cross-sectional anatomy, demonstrating the different access routes for ultrasonography and computed tomography guided pelvic biopsies and drainages as well as discussing the main advantages and complications associated with these approaches

Pancreatic iron stores assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in beta thalassemic patients

Purpose: To assess the correlation between MRI findings of the pancreas with those of the heart and liver in patients with beta thalassemia; to compare the pancreas T2* MRI results with glucose and ferritin levels and labile plasma iron (LPI). Materials and methods: We retrospectively evaluated chronically transfused patients, testing glucose with enzymatic tests, serum ferritin with chemiluminescence, LPI with cellular fluorescence, and T2* MRI to assess iron content in the heart, liver, and pancreas. MRI results were compared with one another and with serum glucose, ferritin, and LPI. Liver iron concentration (LIC) was determined in 11 patients' liver biopsies by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: 289 MRI studies were available from 115 patients during the period studied. 9.4% of patients had overt diabetes and an additional 16% of patients had impaired fasting glucose. Both pancreatic and cardiac R2* had predictive power (p &lt; 0.0001) for identifying diabetes. Cardiac and pancreatic R2* were modestly correlated with one another (r(2) = 0.20, p &lt; 0.0001). Both were weakly correlated with LIC (r(2) = 0.09, p &lt; 0.0001 for both) and serum ferritin (r(2) = 0.14, p &lt; 0.0001 and r(2) = 0.03, p &lt; 0.02, respectively). None of the three served as a screening tool for single observations. There is a strong log-log, or power-law, relationship between ratio of signal intensity (SIR) values and pancreas R2* with an r(2) of 0.91. Conclusions: Pancreatic iron overload can be assessed by MRI, but siderosis in other organs did not correlate significantly with pancreatic hemosiderosis. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Brazilian Ministry of HealthBrazilian Ministry of Healt