Developing rural tourism in South Africa: a case of women and technology in Kwazulu – natal

This paper contributes to a greater understanding of the linkages between women’s roles, responsibilities and the use of and access to technologies in marginalised rural communities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The ways in which poor rural women conceptualise technologies and the ways in which they use their knowledge and skills to develop, modify and adapt the techniques and technical processes are examined in relation to developing rural tourism in the areas. Research was undertaken in four marginalised communities in KwaZulu-Natal: Adams Mission, Platt Estate, KwaXimba and Makomoreng. The study examined the relationships between rural women, and their technological knowledge with a view to developing rural tourism. Emphasis on the data collection was on gender sensitivity and the ability to capture the complexities of the rural women’s real life activities. The aim of this contribution is to contribute to a greater understanding in terms of the recognition of the linkages between women’s roles, responsibilities, knowledge and their participation in rural economic and tourism development with more emphasis and focus on their use of modern technologies and indigenous knowledge.rural tourism in South Africa, women’s roles, marginalised rural communities in KwaZulu

THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON CULINARY BUSINESSES: A REVIEW

Culinary tourism also referred to as food tourism or gastronomy tourism, is engaged in by individuals who seek out culinary experiences to broaden their understanding of food culture or lifestyle while travelling. Tourism is very lucrative to local, state and national economies. Over the past decade, tourists have transitioned to seeking cultural experiences, where individuals immerse themselves in the cuisine and lifestyle of a culture, from street food to gourmet and fine dining. According to World Food Travel Association (WFTA), 80% of travellers research food and drink options while travelling to a new destination. Moreover, the organization states that 53% of these travellers consider themselves “culinary travellers.” With the COVID-19 pandemic limiting international travel, the impact has been greatly felt across all industries. The use of technology has been widespread during this time. During the height of lock-downs, with some of our favourite restaurants and food services unavailable, many people turned to social media to learn how to make their favourite dishes at home. So, from virtual cooking shows and tutorials, to live tastings and remote social eating have all been used to keep people engaged and interactive temporarily replacing the traditional experience. In support of the United Nations World Tourism Organization’s #TravelTomorrow campaign, chefs from around the world, including UNWTO Ambassadors for gastronomy tourism, shared their local recipes, giving audience a taste of what to expect when people start to travel again, and highlighting the unique potential of culinary. This paper using integrative literature review will highlight some of the impacts and challenges that food business especially small and medium establishments faced as a result of this pandemic. Caring about local food businesses and markets can help preserve our culinary roots. The recovery plan might be slow, but the tourism industry has always been resilient, it will survive. JEL Classification: M19, L8

THE ROLE OF URBAN PARKS AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: CASE STUDY OF KISUMU KENYA

Urban parks are now viewed as an important part of the broader structure of urban and neighborhood development rather than just recreation and leisure facilities. While most of the world has recognized the multifunctional use of urban parks for development; the parks in Kenya and Kisumu Township in particular are suffering from lack of attention, poor maintenance, lack of development and underutilization. Also evident in most parks of Kisumu Township is lack of activities and basic utilities like public toilets, litterbins, benches and notice boards. The stakeholders of Kisumu Town do not seem to realize that parks can contribute to enormous social, cultural and economic development of the poverty stricken region. The aim of the study was to assess the utilization, investigate the benefits and analyze the factors influencing use of urban parks in Kisumu. Descriptive, cross-section research design was used where multistage cluster sampling technique was applied in sampling households and park users within seven wards of Kisumu Township and seven urban parks respectively. The study indicates that the poor maintenance and lack of adequate facilities had hindered optimal social, economical, environmental and educational benefits of the parks.urban parks, urban development, cross-section research

On-line tourism destination marketing: Case study of Canadian Atlantic provinces

Tourism destinations are faced with increased and intense competition in marketing and would use all means to promote and attract tourists to their sites. The tourists’ desire for pleasing experiences should compel tourist businesses to consider effective means of destination marketing.Many tourists are turning to the internet as a source for travel and tourism information from attractions to visit to accommodation to patronize. Advertising, brochures, web pages are among various ways of promoting the destination however potential travelers are relying on destination reviews by other travelers who have visited the destination. The measurement of this factor is often overlooked but is an essential factor in marketing strategies to effectively respond to positive or negative experiences of the destination image. Hence in order for them to succeed, they must have a sound online marketing and promote themselves in a unique way all in the effort of attracting tourists. This study investigates the extent to which four provinces in Atlantic Canada, namely, Newfoundland, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia are marketing themselves on the internet to attract both domestic and international tourists and thus reaching out to the global market. The paper using a case study approach, identifies the factors in successful destination marketing and also explores the role and impact of traveler reviews to the four destinations using trip advisor as a virtual community and one of the most popular and reliable source of reviews

ECOTOURISM AND THE ECONOMY: CASE STUDY OF MARA & AMBOSELI IN KENYA

The Kenyan government sees ecotourism as having the potential of becoming a moderately useful tool for locally directed and participatory rural development based on a rational utilization of environmental and cultural resources on which tourism relays on. We therefore need a better understanding of ecotourism’s impacts, and how those impacts are affected by various development and management strategies. Furthermore, ecotourism not only provides revenue and employment, but also causes undesirable environmental and social change. Unfortunately, these costs of ecotourism development are rarely evaluated in detail. If ecotourism is indeed promoting a region’s welfare, it is vital that apart from the economic potential, environmental and social costs that also need to be identified, these costs enter into any decisions about ecotourism development. This paper contributes to a greater understanding of the linkages between ecotourism and the economy from the Kenyan perspective. Research was undertaken in communities adjacent to Masai Mara and Amboseli area in Kenya. The study examined the relationships between ecotourism and economy with a view to understanding how the benefits, if any, are utilized within the communities

Developing Wine Tourism: An Exploratory Study of Wineries in Newfoundland

This study identifies the wine tourism product and the experience as well as factors that contribute to wine preferences and consumption. This is a case study of wine tourists’ visiting the Auk Island winery, Twillingate and Rodrigues winery, Markland both in Newfoundland Province. The research results reveal that most of the visitors came to the wineries because they were on vacation, wine tasting and wine purchasing. The study further revealed that quality of wines, wine taste tour and value for money influenced their decision to purchase the wines. Overall, there were significant relationships found in demographic characteristics and wine references and these findings, have an implication for wine tourism promotion in the Province in future

ECOTOURISM AND THE ECONOMY: CASE STUDY OF MARA & AMBOSELI IN KENYA

The Kenyan government sees ecotourism as having the potential of becoming a moderately useful tool for locally directed and participatory rural development based on a rational utilization of environmental and cultural resources on which tourism relays on. We therefore need a better understanding of ecotourism’s impacts, and how those impacts are affected by various development and management strategies. Furthermore, ecotourism not only provides revenue and employment, but also causes undesirable environmental and social change. Unfortunately, these costs of ecotourism development are rarely evaluated in detail. If ecotourism is indeed promoting a region’s welfare, it is vital that apart from the economic potential, environmental and social costs that also need to be identified, these costs enter into any decisions about ecotourism development. This paper contributes to a greater understanding of the linkages between ecotourism and the economy from the Kenyan perspective. Research was undertaken in communities adjacent to Masai Mara and Amboseli area in Kenya. The study examined the relationships between ecotourism and economy with a view to understanding how the benefits, if any, are utilized within the communities.ecoturism, Kenya, local communities, tour operators

© 2009 Academic Journals Review Developing urban ecotourism in Kenyan cities: A sustainable approach

Tourism is not only a powerful social and economic force but also a factor in the physical environment as well. It has the power to improve the environment, provide funds for conservation, preserve culture and history, to set sustainable use limits and to protect natural attractions. Ecotourism potentially provides a sustainable approach to development. A frequently cited definition of ecotourism originated with The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) which states “ecotourism is responsible travel to natural areas which conserve the environment and sustains the well-being of local people. ” The conceptualization of urban ecotourism therefore, can be seen through the position of cities as tourism destinations and is further described through that take into account supply / facility and demand / user. This paper discusses the various benefits of ecotourism operations based in urban environments in Kenya and indeed the three cities, Nairobi, Mombasa and Kisumu and their sustainability. Key words: Tourism, ecotourism, urban ecotour

The role of the agritourism management in developing the economy of rural regions

It has been documented that the key features which relate rural regions to tourism development are twofold: poverty and lack of economic opportunities. Despite of substantial contribution the tourism and agritourism industries have made to the economy of rural areas, farm-managers have been facing a series of challenges, such as the turmoil of global economy, increased worldwide competition in output markets, high production costs arisen from increasing inputs prices, and lack of transparent rules and regulations imposed by the governmental agencies. As a result, farm-operators have been searching for alternative farm-oriented activities that potentially generate additional income to their on-farm revenues so that they can stay in such a highly competitive business. This paper analyzes the role of the agritourism management in developing the economy of rural areas in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The recommendations made from the results of this study provide new visions for policymakers to understand better the industry, recognize the impediments, and make appropriate decisions at the local and provincial level