Studying Whole‐Mounted Sections of the Paranasal Sinuses to Understand the Complications of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136288/1/lary19911014361.pd

Uma anállise crítica da influência dos tributos na formação do resultado de micro, pequenas e médias empresas no ramo de comércio varejista, situadas na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba

Orientador: Jaime BettoniMonografia (Especialização) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Curso de Especialização em Contabilidade e FinançasResumo: Atendendo a exigência para conclusão do curso de Pós-Graduação com especialização em Contabilidade e Finanças, promovido pela Universidade Federal do Paraná, durante o ano de 2.003, foi elaborada a presente pesquisa na área de gestão tributária. Como e de conhecimento público, em todas as discussões sobre economia, acaba se concluindo que um dos grandes, senão o grande vilão, do pouco desenvolvimento da economia nacional, e a alta carga tributária sobre os meios produtivos. Objetivando demonstrar de forma real, o impacto da carga tributária sobre as operações de micro, pequenas e médias empresas dos setor de comércio varejista da região metropolitana de Curitiba, foram analisadas as demonstrações de resultados de cinco empresas com o que foi possível concluir a respeito dos efeitos produzidos pelos tributos recolhidos por estas empresas, sobre seus resultados. Para complementar os estudos acima, foi elaborada urna pesquisa junto a empresários da região geográfica acima citada, visando traçar um perfil da opinião destes dirigentes sobre a política tributária brasileir

Genetic polymorphisms in chronic hyperplastic sinusitis with nasal polyposis

Objectives/Hypothesis: Although many proinflammatory cytokines have been identified in nasal polyp tissue, the initial trigger that causes this inflammation characterized by edema, lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia, is still unknown. The purpose of the present study is to identify the presence of genetic polymorphisms in proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and chemokine genes that might contribute to genetic susceptibility to chronic hyperplastic sinusitis with nasal polyposis (CHSwNP). Study Design: Case control study. Methods: Buccal swabs were taken from the left and right oral mucosal surfaces from 179 patients with CHSwNP and 153 nonpolyposis controls with the Purgene DNA purification protocol (Gentra). Genotyping assays for cytokine gene loci were performed on 14 cytokine genes using the iPlex Gold and the Mass Array Compact system (Sequenom, San Diego, CA). Tests of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium proportions were performed separately in the cases and controls. Tests for evidence of association between alleles at each single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and case-control status were performed using unconditional logistic regression. Results: The frequency of the A allele in a SNP located in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-Α (rs1800629) is significantly different in patients with nasal polyposis versus controls without nasal polyposis, 18.6% and 11.5%, respectively with an individuals' odds of susceptibility to nasal polyps increasing almost two-fold (odds ratio, 1.86; confidence interval, 1.4–3.09) given at least one copy of the A allele at this SNP. All other cytokine gene polymorphisms of both inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and chemokine genes were not statistically different between the two groups. Conclusions: TNF-Α-308, a SNP in the promoter region of this cytokine gene is associated with increased odds of developing nasal polyposis. TNF-Α is a potent immuno-mediator and proinflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a large number of human diseases. The location of this gene on the short arm of chromosome 6, with the major histocompatibility complex genes and complement, has raised the probability that polymorphism within this locus may contribute to a genetic association of this region of the genome with a wide variety of infectious and autoimmune diseases. Laryngoscope, 2009Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/63071/1/20239_ftp.pd

Strategic modulation of the fixation-offset effect: dissociable effects of target probability on prosaccades and antisaccades

In several previous experiments examining the effects of participants’ expectations on oculomotor performance, the manipulation of target probability has been confounded with factors such as target occurrence and saccade frequency. We report results from three experiments that manipulated target probability in isolation from systematic variations in such bottom-up factors. We present evidence for trial-by-trial, top-down modulation of the fixation-offset effect in prosaccade latency. Furthermore, fixation-stimulus offset and target-probability manipulations had additive effects on antisaccade latency, suggesting that these factors influence separable neural processes engaged for antisaccade performance. Based on these findings, we suggest that cognitive processes utilizing target-probability information influence task processes engaged for prosaccades that differ from those engaged for antisaccades.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/46542/1/221_2005_Article_2242.pd

Long-term Study of Sialodochoplasty for Preventing Submandibular Sialolithiasis Recurrence

ObjectivesThe transoral removal of stones by sialodochoplasty has been popularized in the treatment of submandibular sialolithiasis. However, the effectiveness of sialodochoplasty is controversial, and there are no reports on the long-term outcomes of this procedure. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness and long-term outcomes of sialodochoplasty in patients with submandibular sialolithiasis.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study that included retrospective chart reviews and prospective telephone or interview surveys of 150 patients treated for submandibular sialolithiasis from March 2001 to January 2008. The patients were treated with two different procedures by two different surgeons. One surgeon performed a transoral sialolithectomy without sialodochoplasty in 107 patients (SS group), and the other surgeon performed a transoral sialolithectomy with sialodochoplasty in 43 patients (SP group).ResultsThe success rate of transoral sialolithectomy was 98.1% in the SS group and 93% in the SP group. The recurrence rates of symptoms or stones were 1.9% and 4.7% in the SS and SP groups, respectively. The incidence of postoperative transient hypoesthesia was 13.1% in the SS group and 34.9% in the SP group. The mean operating times were 29.79 and 47.44 minutes in the SS and SP groups, respectively. The mean percentage of general anesthesia was 42.1% in the SS group and 83.7% in the SP group.ConclusionSialodochoplasty in addition to transoral sialolithectomy for submandibular sialolithiasis did not affect the rate of symptom or stone recurrence, but did increase the postoperative hypoesthesia incidence and general anesthesia percentage