2-(2,3-Difluoro­phen­yl)ethyl toluene-4-sulfonate

In the title compound, C15H14F2O3S, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 6.19 (13)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating [110] chains

Advanced glycation end products accelerate ischemia/reperfusion injury through receptor of advanced end product/nitrative thioredoxin inactivation in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells.

The advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are associated with increased cardiac endothelial injury. However, no causative link has been established between increased AGEs and enhanced endothelial injury after ischemia/reperfusion. More importantly, the molecular mechanisms by which AGEs may increase endothelial injury remain unknown. Adult rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) were isolated and incubated with AGE-modified bovine serum albumin (BSA) or BSA. After AGE-BSA or BSA preculture, CMECs were subjected to simulated ischemia (SI)/reperfusion (R). AGE-BSA increased SI/R injury as evidenced by enhanced lactate dehydrogenase release and caspase-3 activity. Moreover, AGE-BSA significantly increased SI/R-induced oxidative/nitrative stress in CMECs (as measured by increased inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, total nitric oxide production, superoxide generation, and peroxynitrite formation) and increased SI/R-induced nitrative inactivation of thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1), an essential cytoprotective molecule. Supplementation of EUK134 (peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst), human Trx-1, or soluble receptor of advanced end product (sRAGE) (a RAGE decoy) in AGE-BSA precultured cells attenuated SI/R-induced oxidative/nitrative stress, reduced SI/R-induced Trx-1 nitration, preserved Trx-1 activity, and reduced SI/R injury. Our results demonstrated that AGEs may increase SI/R-induced endothelial injury by increasing oxidative/nitrative injury and subsequent nitrative inactivation of Trx-1. Interventions blocking RAGE signaling or restoring Trx activity may be novel therapies to mitigate endothelial ischemia/reperfusion injury in the diabetic population

Actively implementing an evidence-based feeding guideline for critically ill patients (NEED): a multicenter, cluster-randomized, controlled trial

Background: Previous cluster-randomized controlled trials evaluating the impact of implementing evidence-based guidelines for nutrition therapy in critical illness do not consistently demonstrate patient benefits. A large-scale, sufficiently powered study is therefore warranted to ascertain the effects of guideline implementation on patient-centered outcomes. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, cluster-randomized, parallel-controlled trial in intensive care units (ICUs) across China. We developed an evidence-based feeding guideline. ICUs randomly allocated to the guideline group formed a local "intervention team", which actively implemented the guideline using standardized educational materials, a graphical feeding protocol, and live online education outreach meetings conducted by members of the study management committee. ICUs assigned to the control group remained unaware of the guideline content. All ICUs enrolled patients who were expected to stay in the ICU longer than seven days. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within 28 days of enrollment. Results: Forty-eight ICUs were randomized to the guideline group and 49 to the control group. From March 2018 to July 2019, the guideline ICUs enrolled 1399 patients, and the control ICUs enrolled 1373 patients. Implementation of the guideline resulted in significantly earlier EN initiation (1.20 vs. 1.55 mean days to initiation of EN; difference − 0.40 [95% CI − 0.71 to − 0.09]; P = 0.01) and delayed PN initiation (1.29 vs. 0.80 mean days to start of PN; difference 1.06 [95% CI 0.44 to 1.67]; P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality (14.2% vs. 15.2%; difference − 1.6% [95% CI − 4.3% to 1.2%]; P = 0.42) between groups. Conclusions: In this large-scale, multicenter trial, active implementation of an evidence-based feeding guideline reduced the time to commencement of EN and overall PN use but did not translate to a reduction in mortality from critical illness. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN12233792. Registered November 20th, 2017

Actively implementing an evidence-based feeding guideline for critically ill patients (NEED): a multicenter, cluster-randomized, controlled trial.

BackgroundPrevious cluster-randomized controlled trials evaluating the impact of implementing evidence-based guidelines for nutrition therapy in critical illness do not consistently demonstrate patient benefits. A large-scale, sufficiently powered study is therefore warranted to ascertain the effects of guideline implementation on patient-centered outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, cluster-randomized, parallel-controlled trial in intensive care units (ICUs) across China. We developed an evidence-based feeding guideline. ICUs randomly allocated to the guideline group formed a local "intervention team", which actively implemented the guideline using standardized educational materials, a graphical feeding protocol, and live online education outreach meetings conducted by members of the study management committee. ICUs assigned to the control group remained unaware of the guideline content. All ICUs enrolled patients who were expected to stay in the ICU longer than seven days. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within 28 days of enrollment.ResultsForty-eight ICUs were randomized to the guideline group and 49 to the control group. From March 2018 to July 2019, the guideline ICUs enrolled 1399 patients, and the control ICUs enrolled 1373 patients. Implementation of the guideline resulted in significantly earlier EN initiation (1.20 vs. 1.55 mean days to initiation of EN; difference - 0.40 [95% CI - 0.71 to - 0.09]; P = 0.01) and delayed PN initiation (1.29 vs. 0.80 mean days to start of PN; difference 1.06 [95% CI 0.44 to 1.67]; P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality (14.2% vs. 15.2%; difference - 1.6% [95% CI - 4.3% to 1.2%]; P = 0.42) between groups.ConclusionsIn this large-scale, multicenter trial, active implementation of an evidence-based feeding guideline reduced the time to commencement of EN and overall PN use but did not translate to a reduction in mortality from critical illness.Trial registrationISRCTN, ISRCTN12233792 . Registered November 20th, 2017

Actively implementing an evidence-based feeding guideline for critically ill patients (NEED): a multicenter, cluster-randomized, controlled trial (vol 26, 46, 2022)

BackgroundPrevious cluster-randomized controlled trials evaluating the impact of implementing evidence-based guidelines for nutrition therapy in critical illness do not consistently demonstrate patient benefits. A large-scale, sufficiently powered study is therefore warranted to ascertain the effects of guideline implementation on patient-centered outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, cluster-randomized, parallel-controlled trial in intensive care units (ICUs) across China. We developed an evidence-based feeding guideline. ICUs randomly allocated to the guideline group formed a local "intervention team", which actively implemented the guideline using standardized educational materials, a graphical feeding protocol, and live online education outreach meetings conducted by members of the study management committee. ICUs assigned to the control group remained unaware of the guideline content. All ICUs enrolled patients who were expected to stay in the ICU longer than seven days. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within 28 days of enrollment.ResultsForty-eight ICUs were randomized to the guideline group and 49 to the control group. From March 2018 to July 2019, the guideline ICUs enrolled 1399 patients, and the control ICUs enrolled 1373 patients. Implementation of the guideline resulted in significantly earlier EN initiation (1.20 vs. 1.55 mean days to initiation of EN; difference - 0.40 [95% CI - 0.71 to - 0.09]; P = 0.01) and delayed PN initiation (1.29 vs. 0.80 mean days to start of PN; difference 1.06 [95% CI 0.44 to 1.67]; P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality (14.2% vs. 15.2%; difference - 1.6% [95% CI - 4.3% to 1.2%]; P = 0.42) between groups.ConclusionsIn this large-scale, multicenter trial, active implementation of an evidence-based feeding guideline reduced the time to commencement of EN and overall PN use but did not translate to a reduction in mortality from critical illness.Trial registrationISRCTN, ISRCTN12233792 . Registered November 20th, 2017

Garnet and scheelite as indicators of multi-stage tungsten mineralization in the Huangshaping deposit, southern Hunan province, China

The Huangshaping WMoPbZn deposit in southern Hunan province, south China, contains multiple generations of garnet and scheelite in skarn and sulfidecarbonate altered rocks. Optical characteristics and chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REEN) patterns obtained by in situ laser ablationinductively coupled plasmamass spectrometry analysis were used to distinguish different generations of garnet and scheelite. These data show a clear correspondence of garnet REEN patterns to major element zonation, with HREEs (e.g., GdLu) being depleted overall. Coarse-grained garnets in the Huangshaping deposit have extreme HREE depletions and significant LREE (e.g., LaEu) enrichment, particularly for Ce, Pr, and Nd. This indicates that REEs in these garnets are the result of coupled substitutions: [Ca2+](VIII)(-1)[REE3+](+1)(VIII) and [Fe2+](+1)(IV)[Al3+](-1)(IV). Medium-grained garnets have REEN patterns showing significant LREE enrichment and depleted HREEs, with high Sn contents. This suggests that substitution of REEs in these garnets occurs as [Ca2+](VIII)(-1)[REE3+](+1)(VIII)[Sn4+]IV-1[Al3+](+1)(IV). The fact that medium-grained garnets have high Sn contents indicates mineralizing fluids were oxidizing, which is consistent with significant positive Eu anomalies. However, hump-shaped REEN patterns for garnet rims suggest substitution by: [Ca2+](-2)(VIII)[Na+](+1)(VIII)[REE3+](+1)(VIII), where NdTb are preferentially incorporated into the garnet lattice over other REEs. Group-1a scheelite has black cores in cathodoluminescence images, and REEN patterns showing extreme LREE enrichment and HREE depletion. Group-1b scheelite has cores with fine oscillatory zoning and enriched LREEs with depleted HREEs, similar to the REEN patterns of Group-2a scheelite that occur as rims with bright CL surrounding both Group-1a and 1b scheelite. The substitution mechanism for REEs in these three types of scheelite is: [Ca2+](-3)(VIII)[Na+](+1)(VIII)[REE3+](+2)(VIII), with [ ] being a Ca site vacancy. The influence of REE speciation in the hydrothermal fluid dominates the REEN patterns of these types of scheelite. However, for Group-2b bright rims of scheelite, REEs are incorporated as: [Ca2+](-2)(VIII)[Na+](+1)(VIII)[REE3+](+1)(VIII), similar to the garnet rims. Finally, scheelite Mo contents and dEu values that decrease from Group-1a to 2b support a temporal decrease in oxygen fugacity of the mineralizing fluids. Ratios of Y/Ho and Mo contents that decrease from Group-1a and 1b to Group-2a and 2b scheelites are similar to those in porphyry-related skarn W (Mo) and quartz vein AuW deposits, respectively. Our studies also suggest that all these scheelites in this deposit formed from magmatic fluids. At the Huangshaping deposit, medium-grained garnets associated with Group-1a scheelite precipitated from evolved magmatic fluids during prograde metamorphism, as indicated by their complementary Y/Ho ratios. Paragentically younger scheelite, particularly Group-2b, may have formed from dilute magmatic fluids that underwent large-scale hydrothermal circulation. The characteristics of Group-1b and 2a scheelite likely reflect a transitional environment and fluid mixing during tungsten mineralization in the polymetallic Huangshaping deposit

Trada: tree based ranking function adaptation

Machine Learned Ranking approaches have shown successes in web search engines. With the increasing demands on developing effective ranking functions for different search domains, we have seen a big bottleneck, i.e., the problem of insufficient training data, which has significantly limited the fast development and deployment of machine learned ranking functions for different web search domains. In this paper, we propose a new approach called tree based ranking function adaptation (“tree adaptation”) to address this problem. Tree adaptation assumes that ranking functions are trained with regression-tree based modeling methods, such as Gradient Boosting Trees. It takes such a ranking function from one domain and tunes its tree-based structure with a small amount of training data from the target domain. The unique features include (1) it can automatically identify the part of model that needs adjustment for the new domain, (2) it can appropriately weight training examples considering both local and global distributions. Experiments are performed to show that tree adaptation can provide better-quality ranking functions for a new domain, compared to other modeling methods

Simultaneous Detection of Static and Dynamic Signals by a Flexible Sensor Based on 3D Graphene

A flexible acoustic pressure sensor was developed based on the change in electrical resistance of three-dimensional (3D) graphene change under the acoustic waves action. The sensor was constructed by 3D graphene foam (GF) wrapped in flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Tuning forks and human physiological tests indicated that the acoustic pressure sensor can sensitively detect the deformation and the acoustic pressure in real time. The results are of significance to the development of graphene-based applications in the field of health monitoring, in vitro diagnostics, advanced therapies, and transient pressure detection