Comparisons in the Ramsay sedation score between the two groups (Epidural group and Remifentanil group) at each time point.

<p>B represents baseline. **P<0.0001, *P<0.001.</p

Maternal demographic characteristics and labour data.

<p>Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or n (%). BMI = body mass index.</p><p>Maternal demographic characteristics and labour data.</p

Reverse the polarization of liver macrophages by IL-4 and Treg in vitro.

<p>Liver macrophages were obtained from at 24 h after SAP model initiation. In vitro, macrophages were respectively treated with PBS, IL-4 (10 ng/ml) or Treg (macrophages: Treg ≈2∶1) for 8 hour (S+PBS, S+IL-4, S+Treg group). The M1/M2 polarization was assessed using real-time PCR and immunofluorescence. A: mRNA level of M1 markers in the macrophages. B: mRNA level of M2 markers in the macrophages. C: Immunofluorescence examination of the polarization of macrophages. The significance of differing mRNA levels was analyzed while comparing with the CTRL group. Error bars indicate the mean ±S.E. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.</p

Neonatal outcomes.

<p>Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or n (%). FHR = fetal heart rate.</p><p>Neonatal outcomes.</p

Identification of regulatory T cells and liver macrophages using flow cytometry.

<p><b>A:</b> liver macrophages were identified as CD11b/c positive cells after primary culture for 24 hours. <b>B:</b> The purity of Treg cells was examined after isolation using magnetic beads.</p

Demographic characteristics for tuberculosis cases and controls.

<p>Demographic characteristics for tuberculosis cases and controls.</p

Treg cells reversed the polarization of Liver macrophages longer than IL-4 treatment.

<p>In vitro, macrophages were treated with IL-4 (10 ng/ml) or Treg (macrophages: Treg ≈2∶1) for 4, 8 and 16 hour. The polarization of M1/M2 was assessed using real time PCR and immunofluorescence. A: mRNA level of M1 markers in the macrophages. B: mRNA level of M2 markers in the macrophages. The significance of differing mRNA levels was analyzed while comparing the two groups in the same time point using the indifferent T-test. Error bars indicate the mean ±S.E. *p<0.05.</p

Haplotypes distributions of the LMP/TAP genes in cases and controls.

a<p>– denotes any haplotype, for example: –/A indicates the A haplotype in combination with any other haplotype.</p

Quality of analgesia and Side effects.

<p>Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or n (%).</p><p>Quality of analgesia and Side effects.</p

Genotype, allele frequencies of the polymorphisms in the LMP and TAP genes.

<p>Significant p values are in bold.</p>*<p>Logistic regression model, adjusted by gender, age, smoke and drink.</p