Electronic Nose and Tongue for Pet Food Classification

Commercial canned dog and cat foods (four type of each) were classified by electronic nose (EN) and tongue (ET) methods. The classification was performed by canonical discriminant analysis (DA) followed by cross-validation, using the ET and EN sensory values separately (7 and 18 sensors) and also jointly. The number of entered variables corresponding to the total number of sensors (n=25) were decreased by using a stepwise procedure during DA. First the dog and cat samples were classified than the discrimination were performed on the canned foods (eight type). Thereafter two groups were formed depending on the compositional characteristics of the foods (pure animal vs animal and plant origin), and finally these groups were divided into four subgroups according to the concerning species (dog vs cat). In general, the lowest discriminating results were achieved by the single application of ET method (58.3- 81.7 %). The highest classification power (85–98.3%, CV% 83.3–95.8) derived from the joint application of the two sensory methods. According to the results achieved, the common application of EN and ET technology seems to be a promising tool for the aroma classification of pet foods

Comparative study of X-ray computed tomography and conventional X-ray methods in the diagnosis of swimbladder infection of eel caused by Anguillicola crassus

To date, swimbladder lesions due to Anguillicola crassus infection of the European eel Anguilla anguilla have so far been studied only by conventional X-ray methods. This is the first study to report the use of computerised tomography (CT) for studying lesions induced by anguillicolosis. Of 50 eels caught by electrofishery from Lake Balaton, Hungary, in autumn 2002 and pre-selected by a conventional X-ray method, 22 specimens were examined with a Siemens Somatom Plus S40 spiral CT scanner. Tomograms, radiographs and photographs of 5 of these, showing anguillicolosis-induced swimbladder lesions of varying severity, are presented. Computerised tomograms provide information on the inner structure, air content and wall thickness of the swimbladder as well as on the number of worms it contains. When the swimbladder is not severely affected or not completely filled with worms, computerised tomography provides adequate data on the shape of the swimbladder, thickness of the swimbladder wall and the location of worms in the lumen. However, in more severe cases, i.e. when the swimbladder is tightly packed with worms or contains no air as a result of wallthickening, this method fails to determine the number and location of helminths or the thickness of the swimbladder wall

Electronic Nose and Tongue for Pet Food Classification

Commercial canned dog and cat foods (four type of each) were classified by electronic nose (EN) and tongue (ET) methods. The classification was performed by canonical discriminant analysis (DA) followed by cross-validation, using the ET and EN sensory values separately (7 and 18 sensors) and also jointly. The number of entered variables corresponding to the total number of sensors (n=25) were decreased by using a stepwise procedure during DA. First the dog and cat samples were classified than the discrimination were performed on the canned foods (eight type). Thereafter two groups were formed depending on the compositional characteristics of the foods (pure animal vs animal and plant origin), and finally these groups were divided into four subgroups according to the concerning species (dog vs cat). In general, the lowest discriminating results were achieved by the single application of ET method (58.3- 81.7 %). The highest classification power (85–98.3%, CV% 83.3–95.8) derived from the joint application of the two sensory methods. According to the results achieved, the common application of EN and ET technology seems to be a promising tool for the aroma classification of pet foods