21 research outputs found

    Towards A Massive Open Online Course for Cybersecurity in Smart Grids – A Roadmap Strategy

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    The major trends and transformations in energy systems have brought many challenges, and cybersecurity and operational security are among the most important issues to consider. First, due to the criticality of the energy sector. Second, due to the lack of smart girds’ cybersecurity professionals. Previous research has highlighted skill gaps and shortage in cybersecurity training and education in this sector. Accordingly, we proceeded by crafting a roadmap strategy to foster cybersecurity education in smart grids. This paper outlines the methodology of teaching cybersecurity in smart grids to a large group of students in selected European universities via implementing a Massive Open Online Course. Unlike other solutions, this one focuses on hands-on practical skills without trading-off theoretical knowledge. Thus, flipped learning methodology and gamification practices were used to maximize retention rate. Also, a remote lab that includes a real-time simulator was established for training. Here, the process, outcome, and obstacles to overcome in future deployments, are presented.Β©2022 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed

    Enhancing Smart Grid Resilience : An Educational Approach to Smart Grid Cybersecurity Skill Gap Mitigation

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    Cybersecurity competencies are critical in the smart grid ecosystem, considering its growing complexity and expanding utilization. The smart grid environment integrates different sensors, control systems, and communication networks, thus augmenting the potential attack vectors for cyber criminals. Therefore, interdisciplinary competencies are required from smart grid cybersecurity specialists. In the meantime, there is a lack of competence models that define the required skills, considering smart grid job profiles and the technological landscape. This paper aims to investigate the skill gaps and trends in smart grid cybersecurity and propose an educational approach to mitigate these gaps. The educational approach aims to provide guidance for competence-driven cybersecurity education programs for the design, execution, and evaluation of smart grids.Β© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed

    Organization and Implementation of Online Cytology Quality Assurance Program – Georgian Experience

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    Medical information system (MIS) is at the heart of information technology (IT) implementation policies in healthcare systems around the world. Different architecture and application models of MIS are developed. Despite of obvious advantages and benefits, application of MIS in everyday practice is slow. On the background of analysis of the existing models of MIS in Georgia has been created a multi-user web-based approach. This article will present the architecture of the system and its application for cytology quality assurance programs. Five hundred Georgian language electronic medical records from the cervical screening activity illustrated by images were selected for quality assurance program.Β  The primary goal of the MIS is patient management. However, the system can be used for quality assurance programs. The ideal of healthcare in the information age must be to create a situation where healthcare professionals spend more time creating knowledge from medical information and less time managing medical information. The application of easily available and adaptable technology and improvement of the infrastructure conditions is the basis for eHealth applications. The MIS is perspective and actual technology solution. It can be used for cytology quality assurance programs

    ITIL Self-assessment Approach for Small and Medium Digital Agencies/ ITIL paΕ‘novΔ“rtΔ“juma pieeja mazām un vidΔ“jām digitālām aΔ£entΕ«rām/ ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ самооцСнки ITIL для ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ срСдних Ρ†ΠΈΡ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… агСнтств

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    Π’ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ прСдприниматСлям ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ срСдним прСдприятиям Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ для обСспСчСния поставки услуг Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ уровня. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ управлСния ИВ услугами, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ всС Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ инвСстиции Π² ИВ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ участникам Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ°. ITIL (Π˜Π½Ρ„Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Ρ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ) являСтся Π½Π°ΠΈΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ популярным ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ использования Β«Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΒ», ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ для обСспСчСния управлСния ИВ услугами. ITIL являСтся ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ собраны знания ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… организациях ΠΈ учрСТдСниях. Π’Π½Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ITIL являСтся тяТСлой ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΆΠ΅ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π½Π΅ сущСствуСт Β«Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΒ» для внСдрСния ITIL. БлСдствиСм этого являСтся высокая ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ риск всСго процСсса внСдрСния ITIL. Π’ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ описан ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ срСдними прСдприятиями для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ уровня зрСлости ITIL ΠΈ для составлСния ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π° ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ внСдрСния процСссов ITIL. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ основан Π½Π° Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… областях управлСния ИВ услугами - Π½Π° процСссах ΠΈ срСдствах. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ 14 процСссов ITIL, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ FitSM, ΠΈ использован ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄, описанный Π² TIPA ΠΈ FedSM, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ основу ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ стандарт ISO/IEC 15504 с нСбольшими измСнСниями Π² описании ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅Π² ΠΈ уровня зрСлости. Π’ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ срСдств управлСния услугам примСняСтся ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄, Π·Π° основу ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ, Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² FedSM. ΠžΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ процСссов ITIL Π² Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ†ΠΈΡ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ агСнтствС. Π”Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠ°Ρ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π° Π²Π½Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов ITIL, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° исслСдованиС Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² агСнтства ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ элСмСнтов ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½

    The Evaluation of Capabilities of Intellectual Intrusion Detection Systems for the Use in Web- Based Information Systems

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    Nowadays with vast growing number of network information systems and their integration not only into work but also into people’s private life, security assurance of industrial and private information assets is becoming an extremely sensitive and topical issue. There is a huge number of available non- commercial (free of charge) and commercial methods for information protection from unauthorized access of undesirable individuals. Currently, studies in the field of information security focus on the use of various intellectual data mining techniques for building an intellectual information security system. Such security systems roughly (for the purpose of this paper) can be divided into intrusion protection and intrusion detection systems IPS and IDS, respectively [1]

    ITIL Self-assessment Approach for Small and Medium Digital Agencies

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    In a growing world of Information Technology, entrepreneurs, start-ups and SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) require a good mechanism of delivering a good service. Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) is identified to be the best and most popular β€œbest practices” framework. However, implementing ITIL not only is very difficult but there are also no best practices for implementing it. As a result, ITIL implementations are usually long, expensive and risky. This paper proposes an approach to identify and assess small business specific ITIL implementation and provide a roadmap for improvement based on the assessment results, business needs and guidelines. The proposed guidelines were used practically to assess and implement ITIL processes in a real- world digital agency

    The Analysis and Modelling of Social Networks: Leader Identification and Information Dissemination

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    Individuals, who have more connections with others in the social network, can have more chances to influence others. Therefore, this study aims to identify groups of users with maximum joint influential power in order to help companies to conduct online marketing and reputation management. The method proposed in this study can be used to identify influential groups, on the basis of data from SNS. The proposed method will allow building a social network model, which will beΒ  used to simulate different scenarios in order to predict the speed of information dissemination

    Transport Simulation Model Calibration with Two-Step Cluster Analysis Procedure

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    The calibration results of transport simulation model depend on selected parameters and their values. The aim of the present paper is to calibrate a transport simulation model by a two-step cluster analysis procedure to improve the reliability of simulation model results. Two global parameters have been considered: headway and simulation step. Normal, uniform and exponential headway generation models have been selected for headway. Application of two-step cluster analysis procedure to the calibration procedure has allowed reducing time needed for simulation step and headway generation model value selection

    State of the Art in the Healthcare Cyber-physical Systems

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    For several years, experts from different fields are interested in virtual and physical world interaction opportunities. Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are developed to integrate real physical processes and virtual computational processes.Β Β  CPSs are used in multiple areas such as medicine, traffic management and security, automotive engineering, industrial and process control, energy saving, ecological monitoring and management, avionics and space equipment, industrial robots, technical infrastructure management, distributed robotic systems, protection target systems, nanotechnology and biological systems technology. CPS sensors generate the sensitive data that must be protected and shared only in a secure manner. This paper provides an overview of CPSs, their application in medicine and compliance with existing standards and possibilities for further advanced system development

    State of the Art in the Healthcare Cyber-physical Systems/ VeselΔ«bas aizsardzΔ«bas kiberfizikālo sistΔ“mu apskats Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ состояниС мСдицинских ΠΊΠΈΠ±Π΅Ρ€-физичСских систСм

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    На протяТСнии послСдних дСсятилСтий спСциалисты ΠΈΠ· Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… областСй заинтСрСсованы Π² исслСдовании возмоТностСй взаимодСйствия Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π° с Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ. ΠšΠΈΠ±Π΅Ρ€-физичСскиС систСмы - это спСциализированныС Π²Ρ‹Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π² сСбя ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ взаимодСйствия с Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΌ, Π²Ρ‹Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ систСму ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π’Π΅ΠΌΠ° исслСдования вСсьма Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΈΠ±Π΅Ρ€- физичСскиС систСмы ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΡΠ»ΡŒΡŽ, Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ способствуСт Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π² Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ. Π’ΠΎ встроСнных систСмах Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ являСтся Π²Ρ‹Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π° Π² ΠΊΠΈΠ±Π΅Ρ€-физичСских систСмах - связь ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π²Ρ‹Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ физичСскими элСмСнтами. Π’ соврСмСнном ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅ ΠΊΠΈΠ±Π΅Ρ€-физичСскиС систСмы ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π΅, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС Π² Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π΅, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ транспортом ΠΈ обСспСчСнии бСзопасности, автомобилСстроСнии, Π² распрСдСлённых Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах, ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ производствСнными ΠΈ тСхнологичСскими процСссами. Π‘ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ сСйчас Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ разносят Π΅Π΄Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΡŒΡ‘, с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π°Π»Ρ‹, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ автоматизированная систСма здравоохранСния Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π½Π΅ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° Π½ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ мСдицинском ΡƒΡ‡Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΈΠ±Π΅Ρ€-физичСских систСм Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Π΅Π· Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах, сСтях, Π½ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ знания ΠΎ физичСских процСссах, ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… с Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ процСссами. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΠ±Π΅Ρ€-физичСских систСм являСтся ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ процСссом ΠΈ состоит ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… Ρ„Π°Π·: модСлирования, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. На Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ сущСствуСт стандартов ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π³Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², относящихся ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΊ мСдицинским ΠΊΠΈΠ±Π΅Ρ€-физичСским систСмам, поэтому стоит ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ со стандартами ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π³Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ мСдицинских систСм, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ со стандартами клиничСских исслСдований. РассмотрСв Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π³Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ стандарты ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ² Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ систСмы, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ процСсс формулирования Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ мСдицинской ΠΊΠΈΠ±Π΅Ρ€-физичСской систСм
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