UTVRĐIVANJE UČINKOVITOSTI EKSPLOZIVA KOD IZVOĐENJA MINIRANJA

Experimental methods for determining a performance index of explosives are analysed: the methods of a ballistic pendulum, ballistic mortar, a lead block, and according to the volume of soil explosion funnel. It is defined that the determination of a performance index of emulsion explosives (EE) involves a set of significant features connected with a large critical diameter requiring the experiments with large-mass charges and resulting in refusal from the traditional methods of determining a performance index. Analytical methods for calculating an index of relative performance of explosives are analysed. Determination of the performance indices of explosives with the help of analytical methods helps identify considerable differences in the calculation results; in case of emulsion explosives the results are erroneously low at all. It is since analytical methods do not consider the brisant action of emulsion explosives. This paper represents the developed methodology of determining a performance index of explosives according to the degree of detonation velocity. The proposed methodology considers the key energy and detonation characteristics of explosives: heat and volume of the explosion products, density (thickness), and detonation velocity. The use of analytical methodology for calculating a performance index for all explosive types makes it possible to get correct results that are necessary for designing the parameters of drilling and blasting operations.U radu su analizirane eksperimentalne metode kojima se određuje indeks učinkovitosti eksploziva: metoda balističkoga klatna, metoda balističkoga mužara, Trauzlova proba i metoda određivanja volumena kratera od miniranja u tlu. Utvrđeno je kako određivanje indeksa učinkovitosti emulzijskih eksploziva (EE) uključuje skupinu važnih značajki povezanih s velikim kritičnim promjerom, a to zahtijeva ispitivanja s nabojima velike mase i odustajanje od tradicionalnih metoda određivanja indeksa učinkovitosti. Također, analizirane su analitičke metode za izračunavanje indeksa relativnoga učinka eksploziva. Određivanje indeksa učinkovitosti eksploziva uz pomoć analitičkih metoda pomaže identificirati znatne razlike u rezultatima, a rezultati su u slučaju emulzijskih eksploziva općenito preniski. Do toga dolazi zato što analitičke metode ne uzimaju u obzir brizantno djelovanje emulzijskih eksploziva. U radu je prikazana razvijena metodologija određivanja indeksa učinkovitosti eksploziva prema stupnju brzine detonacije. Predložena metodologija razmatra ključne parametre energije i detonacijskih svojstava eksploziva: toplinu i volumen produkata eksplozije, gustoću (promjer) i brzinu detonacije. Korištenje analitičke metodologije izračuna indeksa učinkovitosti kod svih vrsta eksploziva omogućuje dobivanje točnih rezultata potrebnih za određivanje parametara bušenja i miniranja

Современные технологии плоской офсетной печати с увлажнением

Проаналізовано сучасний стан плоского офсетного друку зі зволоженням. Визначено основні переваги, що роблять даний напрям актуальним для подальших розробок та застосування у виробництві.It was analyzed current state of offset printing and the main advantages that make this direction actual for future development and use in production. It was defined the condition of the market. Also it was considered types of printing forms and gave their brief description and it was considered the classification by drying method of modern inks. Also it was investigate the condition of the offset printing in Ukraine.Проанализировано современное состояние плоской офсетной печати с увлажнением. Определены основные преимущества, которые делают данное направление актуальным для дальнейших разработок и применения в производстве

DETERMINING THE PERFORMANCE OF EXPLOSIVES FOR BLASTING MANAGEMENT

Experimental methods for determining a performance index of explosives are analysed: the methods of a ballistic pendulum, ballistic mortar, a lead block, and according to the volume of soil explosion funnel. It is defined that the determination of a performance index of emulsion explosives (EE) involves a set of significant features connected with a large critical diameter requiring the experiments with large-mass charges and resulting in refusal from the traditional methods of determining a performance index. Analytical methods for calculating an index of relative performance of explosives are analysed. Determination of the performance indices of explosives with the help of analytical methods helps identify considerable differences in the calculation results; in case of emulsion explosives the results are erroneously low at all. It is since analytical methods do not consider the brisant action of emulsion explosives. This paper represents the developed methodology of determining a performance index of explosives according to the degree of detonation velocity. The proposed methodology considers the key energy and detonation characteristics of explosives: heat and volume of the explosion products, density (thickness), and detonation velocity. The use of analytical methodology for calculating a performance index for all explosive types makes it possible to get correct results that are necessary for designing the parameters of drilling and blasting operations