Recurrent Neural Networks for Online Video Popularity Prediction

In this paper, we address the problem of popularity prediction of online videos shared in social media. We prove that this challenging task can be approached using recently proposed deep neural network architectures. We cast the popularity prediction problem as a classification task and we aim to solve it using only visual cues extracted from videos. To that end, we propose a new method based on a Long-term Recurrent Convolutional Network (LRCN) that incorporates the sequentiality of the information in the model. Results obtained on a dataset of over 37'000 videos published on Facebook show that using our method leads to over 30% improvement in prediction performance over the traditional shallow approaches and can provide valuable insights for content creators

Interesse der Erstklässler einer Mittelschule, Jahrgänge 1995-2001, an sportiver Betätigung

The aim of the research was to determine the tendencies of change in interest in sports activity among students over the period of a few years. In order to achieve this aim, we diagnosed the interest in sports activity among students in particular years (1995 – 2001). The research was conducted seven times in the seven consecutive years (always in the first grade during the first PE lesson in the school year. We diagnosed interest in the cases of 1,693 students (906 female, 787 male) of grade 1 in the Secondary School No. 7 in Wrocław over a period of the consecutive seven years. By means of the Chi-square Pearson`s test and Chi-square test of highest credibility we verified the hypothesis of the independence of interest in sports activity of first-grade students (separately for females and males) and the year when the research was done. It turned out that on the level of significance α = 0.05 the year of the research influenced the choice of 7 forms of sports activity in the case of males, whereas it did not affect the choice of the remaining 14 sport activities. We noticed a slight degree of growth of interest of the boys in basketball, handball and ring-play, whereas it declined in the case of volleyball, badminton and bodybuilding. As a result of the conducted statistical analysis we also noticed that on the level of significance α = 0.05 the year of the research influenced the choice of 12 forms of sports activity in the case of females, whereas it did not affect the choice of the remaining 9. We observed a uniform growing tendency in interest in cycling. We noticed a growing interest of girls in football, gymnastics, tennis, badminton, ring-play, dancing, judo/karate and other forms of sports activity not mentioned in the survey, whereas it declined in the case of skiing, horseback riding, roller skating and archery. Upon conducting the statistical analysis we noticed that interest in sports activity of first-grade secondary school students is subject to change with the subsequent measurements.Uvod Čini se da socijalne i ekonomske promjene u zemlji, kao i važna sportska postignuća o kojima se govori i koja se populariziraju u medijima (radio, novine, televizija), mogu značajno utjecati na interese ljudi. Stoga smo odlučili utvrditi interes za sportske aktivnosti učenika i učenica srednje škole na temelju niza mjerenja u razdoblju do 1995. do 2001. godine te ispitati mijenja li se interes za sport kroz godine. Proučavajući literaturu iz ovog područja nismo naišli na radove koji bi obrađivali takve promjene interesa. To je razlog zbog kojega je autor poduzeo istraživanje koje je kombinacija transverzalnoga i longitudinalnog pristupa (1995. - 2001., 7 generacija učenika). Pokušao je utvrditi postoji li tendencija promjene interesa za sportske aktivnosti na uzorku učenika unutar odabranih godina, a pretpostavio je da će se interesi učenika za sportske aktivnosti mijenjati od mjerenja do mjerenja. Metode Za prikupljanje podataka autor se koristio metodom dijagnostičkog mjerenja i upitnikom pod naslovom Moji omiljeni oblici sportskih aktivnosti koje bih volio uvježbavati na nastavi tjelesnog odgoja (Ro-kita, 1998). Mjerenje je provedeno u sedam uzastopnih godina, uvijek u prvom razredu, na prvom satu nastave tjelesnog odgoja. Utvrđen je interes za sportske aktivnosti kod 1.693 učenika (906 dje-vojčica, 787 dječaka), prvih razreda srednje škole br. 7 iz Wrocława kroz sedam godina. Rezultati i rasprava Na temelju rezultata Hi-kvadrat testa potvrđena je hipoteza o nezavisnosti interesa za sportske aktivnosti učenika prvog razreda srednje škole s obzirm na spol i s obzirom na godinu u kojoj je provedeno mjerenje. Pokazalo se da je godina prikupljanja podataka statistički značajno utjecala na odabir 7 omiljenih sportskih aktivnosti kod učenika, dok za preostalih 14 taj utjecaj generacije nije potvrđen. Vidljivo je lagano povećanje interesa dječaka za košarku, rukomet i igru prstenova, dok je pad interesa zabilježen za odbojku, badminton i tjelograditeljstvo (body building). Unutar ispitivanih sedam godina (1995. - 2001.), dječaci su uvijek pokazivali najveći interes za košarku (66-84%). Više od 60% učeničkih interesa za sport otpada na nogomet (63-73%). Osim toga, dječaci su ponajviše bili zaintere-sirani za plivanje (48-66%) i stolni tenis (39-53%). Najmanje popularnim sportovima za ovaj uzorak ispitanika pokazali su se gimnastika, (2-6%), igra prstenova (2-10%), ples (3-10%) i rolanje (3-12%) (tablica 2). Rezultati su također pokazali da postoji statistički značajan utjecaj godine ispitivanja na odabir 12 omiljenih kretnih aktivnosti kod učenica (nogomet, gimnastika, tenis, jahanje, badminton, igra prstenova, rolanje, ples, judo/karate, vožnja bicikla i još neki sportovi koji nisu bili navedeni u upitniku), dok kod 9 preostalih sportova iz upitnika taj utjecaj nije potvrđen. Vidljivo je da postoji jasan porast interesa učenica za vožnju bickla. Zabilježen je i lagani pad interesa kod djevojaka za nogomet, gimnastiku, tenis, badminton, judo/karate, ples, skijanje, jahanje, rolanje, streljaštvo i ostale oblike kretnih aktivnosti koje nisu bile navedene u upitniku. Unutar ispitivanih sedam godina djevojke su od svih sportova uvijek najviše izabirale plivanje (69-80% djevojaka iz uzorka). Više od 50% interesa učenica bilo je usmjereno na odbojku (62-74%) i košarku (56-66 %). Osim toga, djevojke su bile zainteresirane i za klizanje, skijanje i jahanje. Najmanje popularnim sportovima djevojke su ocijenile: igru prstenova (3-19%), tjelograditeljstvo (5-12%) i ostale sportove koji nisu bili navedeni u upitniku (tablica 2). Usporedba iskazanih interese učenika i učenica otkriva da su i jedni i drugi najviše zainteresirani za košarku i odbojku. Rastuća popularnost timskih sportova, prema mišljenju autora, može biti posljedica toga da ti sportovi pružaju puno mogućnosti za natjecanje, za provjeru vlastitih vještina u varijabilnim situacijama igre, ali i za doživljavanje emocija koje ju prate. Uzimajući u obzir praktične implikacije ovog istraživanja, s velikim oprezom autor zaključuje da utvrđivanje interesa za sport kod srednjoškolaca ima svoju svrhu. Zadovoljavanjem interesa učenika za sport na nastavi tjelesnog odgoja, što je autor i provodio u praksi (Rokita, 1998, 1999), moguće je pozitivno djelovati na motivaciju mladih ljudi za sport, što se onda odražava i šire, na njihove životne potrebe. Zaključak Dobiveni su rezultati potvrdili početne hipoteze - interesi učenika prvih razreda srednjih škola za sportske aktivnosti mijenjali su se iz generacije u generaciju u razdoblju od sedam godina (1995. - 2001.). Zamjećuje se lagani porast interesa za košarku, rukomet i igru prstenova kod dječaka, dok opada interes za odbojku, badminton i tjelogradisteljstvo. Kod djevojčica je vidljivo povećanje interesa za nogomet, gimnastiku, tenis, badminton, igru prstenova, judo/karate i još neke oblike kretnih aktivnosti, dok interes opada za skijanje, jahanje, rolanje i streljaštvo.Unsere Forschungsarbeit hatte das Ziel, die Tendenzen wechselnden Interesses der Schüler an sportiver Betätigung während ein paar Jahren zu untersuchen. Um das zu erzielen registrierten wir in jedem Jahr innerhalb des betreffenden Zeitintervalls (1995 – 2001) das Interesse von Schülern an sportiver Betätigung. Die Untersuchung wurde sieben Mal durchgeführt (immer in der 1. Klasse während des Sportunterrichts, und zwar an der ersten Stunde in betreffendem Schuljahr. Wir untersuchten das Interesse 1693 Erstklässler (906 Schülerinnen, 787 Schüler) am Sporttreiben in der Mittelschule 7 in Wrocław im Laufe der folgenden sieben Jahre. Mittels des Pearson Chi-Quadrat-Tests und Chi-Quadrat-Tests der höchsten Verlässlichkeit, wurde die Hypothese bestätigt, dass zwischen dem Interesse der Erstklässler an sportiver Betätigung (Mädchen und Jungen getrennt) und dem Forschungsjahr ein Zusammenhang besteht. Die Untersuchung ergab, dass bei dem Signifikanzniveau von 0,05 das Forschungsjahr die Wahl 7 Sportarten beeinflusste, wobei die Wahl der übrigen 14 unter keinem Einfluss stand. Leicht steigendes Interesse der Schüler an Basketball, Handball und Wurfring-Spiel machte sich bemerkbar, aber an Volleyball, Badminton und Bodybuilding sind die Schüler immer weniger interessiert. Anhand von Ergebnissen einer von uns vorgenommenen statistischen Analyse konnten wir auch feststellen, dass beim Signifikanzniveau α = 0,05 das Forschungsjahr die von den Schülerinnen gezeigte Wahl beeinflusste, und zwar, von 12 Sportarten, nicht aber von übrigen 9. Ein allgemein steigendes Interesse am Radfahren ist festzustellen. Die Mädchen interessierten sich zunehmend für Fußball, Gymnastik, Tennis, Badminton, ring-play, Tanzen, Judo – Karate und für andere in der Untersuchung nicht erwähnten Sportarten. Das Interesse am Skilaufen, Reiten, Rollschuhlaufen, Bogenschießen nahm ab. Die statistische Analyse zeigte ein wechselndes Interesse der Erstklässler der Mittelschule an sportiver Betätigung

Shallow reading with Deep Learning: Predicting popularity of online content using only its title

With the ever decreasing attention span of contemporary Internet users, the title of online content (such as a news article or video) can be a major factor in determining its popularity. To take advantage of this phenomenon, we propose a new method based on a bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network designed to predict the popularity of online content using only its title. We evaluate the proposed architecture on two distinct datasets of news articles and news videos distributed in social media that contain over 40,000 samples in total. On those datasets, our approach improves the performance over traditional shallow approaches by a margin of 15%. Additionally, we show that using pre-trained word vectors in the embedding layer improves the results of LSTM models, especially when the training set is small. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt of applying popularity prediction using only textual information from the title

Kriochirurgia w praktyce ginekologicznej

Abstract Cryosurgery is a destructive technique that was introduced to gynecology in the late 1960s to treat CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia). Tens of thousands of patients have been treated with cryotherapy, which has proved to be a predictable, reliable treatment technique, with limited side effects and morbidity. This method is used to treat cervical, vaginal, endometrial and vulvar lesions. This study aims at determining the current state of knowledge on the place of cryosurgery (cryotherapy) in gynecological practice. Research was carried out to find current data on indications, contraindications, techniques of treatment and equipment necessary to perform cryosurgical procedures in gynecology. Cryosurgery is a safe, relatively inexpensive and easy to perform procedure for treating women with lower genital tract pre-malignant diseases without impairing their fertility.Streszczenie Kriochirurgia jest ablacyjną metodą leczenia wprowadzoną do praktyki ginekologicznej pod koniec lat 60-tych ubiegłego stulecia, początkowo tylko do leczenia środnabłonkowej neoplazji szyjki macicy. Od tego czasu zakres wskazań dla tego typu terapii uległ znacznemu poszerzeniu i do chwili obecnej na całym świecie wykonano tysiące zabiegów kriochirurgii ze wskazań ginekologicznych. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie aktualnego stanu wiedzy na temat tej metody terapeutycznej oraz określenie jej miejsca w nowoczesnej praktyce ginekologicznej

Parental visions of their children’s future as a motivator for an early start in a foreign language

This paper reports on the qualitative part of a project investigating parental educational aspirations as manifested by enrolling their children (aged 3-6) into very early L2 instruction. The concept of educational aspirations is widely studied in educational psychology as well as in sociology and pedagogy. In SLA, these aspirations can fit in the new framework of imagery and creating visions as they are a part of an ideal L2 self. Data analysis concludes that parental visions towards their children’s achievement reflect self-efficacy beliefs; in other words, those parents who were unsuccessful foreign language (FL) learners themselves hoped that by starting early their children would learn lingua franca English well and this would help them achieve educational and vocational success, which indicates an instrumental motive. By contrast, those parents who were successful language learners were positive about their children’s future plurilingual attainment, not necessarily voicing the necessity of “an early start.” They believe languages contribute to overall emotional and cognitive growth, which shows more intrinsic and integrative motives. These findings suggest that the differences in ultimate FL attainment may start very early and are rooted in the socia (family) context