Dissolved Oxygen and Carbonate-carbon Dioxide in the Sea Water of the South China Sea, Area I: Gulf of Thailand and East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia

Dissolved oxygen and carbonate system in seawater in the Gulf of Thailand and the east coast of Peninsular Malaysian September 1995 and April-May 1996 were determined. It was found that surface water was well in equilibrium with the atmosphere. The sub-pycnocline water in the Gulf had the chemistry that was distinctly different from the mixed layer as well as from sub-pycnocline water in the South China Sea near the mouth of the Gulf, even with the same depth. There were some evidences that intermediate water in the South China Sea might flow into the Gulf along the central axis and the coast of Vietnam and Cambodia, and exited the Gulf along the Thai-Malay Peninsular coast. The chemistry of deep water in the South China Sea off the coast of Western Malaysia varied its chemistry by a great deal among seasons which might be due to the prevailing monsoon. Seawater in the Gulf of Thailand and South China Sea was supersaturated with respected to the mineral calcite

Dissolved oxygen and carbonate-carbon dioxide in the sea water of the South China Sea, Area I: Gulf of Thailand and east coast of Peninsular Malaysia

Dissolved oxygen and carbonate system in seawater in the Gulf of Thailand and the east coast of Peninsular Malaysian September 1995 and April-May 1996 were determined. It was found that surface water was well in equilibrium with the atmosphere. The sub-pycnocline water in the Gulf had the chemistry that was distinctly different from the mixed layer as well as from sub-pycnocline water in the South China Sea near the mouth of the Gulf, even with the same depth. There were some evidences that intermediate water in the South China Sea might flow into the Gulf along the central axis and the coast of Vietnam and Cambodia, and exited the Gulf along the Thai-Malay Peninsular coast. The chemistry of deep water in the South China Sea off the coast of Western Malaysia varied its chemistry by a great deal among seasons which might be due to the prevailing monsoon. Seawater in the Gulf of Thailand and South China Sea was supersaturated with respected to the mineral calcite

Characteristics of water in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines

The characteristics of water in the South China Sea from latitude 11° N to 20°N and longitude 117°E to 121°E during 18 April to 8 May 1998 have been studied using Integrated CTD instruments onboard MV. SEAFDEC. It was found that there are six watermasses in the study area and there is upwelling off coast of northern Luzon Island at from the surface down to 200-meters. The water properties are influenced both by northeast and southwest monsoon winds as the duration of survey are during the transitional period, also by outflow from shore. The strong thermocline, halocline and pycnocline are present all over the area

Physical characteristics of watermass in the South China Sea, Area I: Gulf of Thailand and east coast of Peninsular Malaysia

Our study provides new information on the physical characteristics of watermass in the South China Sea. We analyzed the temperature, salinity and density profiles to determine the effect of the NE monsoon on the variability of the physical properties of watermass, in the Gulf of Thailand and the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. CTD data were obtained from both the M.V. SEAFDEC cruises conducted before (September 1995) and after (April 1996) the northeast (NE) monsoon season. We concluded that the NE monsoon caused the variability of the physical properties of watermasses, in the study area, slightly. We observed the movement of the thermocline, halocline and pycnocline layers from deeper depth to shallower depth, before and after the NE monsoon season, respectively. This movement indicates the possible occurrence of downwelling and upwelling processes in the region

Physical characteristics of watermass in the South China Sea, Area II: Sarawak, Sabah and Brunei Darussalam waters

This study provides new information on the physical characteristics of water masses in Sabah and Sarawak waters. The aim was to determine the effect of Southwest (SW) monsoon on the variability of water masses, in Sabah and Sarawak waters. Physical characteristics data were obtained using an instrument called “Integrated Conductivity Temperature Depth” (iCTD), during the third (July 1996) and fourth (May 1997) cruises of the MV SEAFDEC research vessel, conducted during the SW monsoon season. Vertical distributions and profiles of temperature, salinity and density were analyzed and their variations between the two cruises compared. It is concluded that there were no great variations of temperature, salinity and density values in the study area, during both cruises. This is because both cruises were conducted during the SW monsoon season. However, variations of temperature, salinity and density values were observed between shallow and deep waters, as well as coastal and offshore waters. Based on their vertical distributions and profiles obtained during the two cruises, water properties in shallow waters were found to vary slightly from the deeper ones. As a result, in the southern tip of the South China Sea, where the water was shallow, its properties here differed a little from the rest of the study area. This was due to the pronounced mixing effect of surface waves in shallow waters. At the same time, lower salinity and consequently, lower density values were detected in coastal waters, resulting from of the influx of freshwater from Sabah and Sarawak rivers during this monsoon season

The Catalogue of Oceanographic Data of Northeast Indian Ocean

This catalogue contains some parts of the oceanographic data collected by MV.SEAFDEC during Cruise no. 17-10/1994, 18-11/1994, 19-1/1995, 20-2/1995, 21-2/1995, 28-10/1995, 29-1/1996, 30-2/1996, 37-9/1996, 39-2/1997 and 44-7/1997 between 1994-1997. These cruises were scheduled to carry out shipboard training for SEAFDEC trainees of various courses such as Fishing Technology, Marine Engineering, Hydroacoustic equipment use, Local fishermen, and Pelagic fishery courses and to conduct an oceanographic survey under the projects of Studies on fishing ground conditions along the cruise track of the training vessel. The survey areas were northeast Indian Ocean. The results reported in this catalogue are numerical sequences by catalogue number. The catalogue no. was created from the year, the month and the number of the station, the first numbers (two digits) being the year, the next two digits being the month and the last two represent the station number during that month: for example, Catalogue no. 941001 refers to the 1^st station during October in 1994