Ever-Changing Mind

Everything around us is changing fast. We sometimes find ourselves feeling confused and fragile in this world. The purpose of the design was to reflect our ever-changing minds. We created various images of the textile designs that express different emotional statuses, and then displayed them in a blank dress

Ever-Changing Mind

Everything around us is changing fast. We sometimes find ourselves feeling confused and fragile in this world. The purpose of the design was to reflect our ever-changing minds. We created various images of the textile designs that express different emotional statuses, and then displayed them in a blank dress.</p

Syntax Vector Learning Using Correspondence for Natural Language Understanding

Natural language understanding (NLU) is a core technique for implementing natural user interfaces. In this study, we propose a neural network architecture to learn syntax vector representation by employing the correspondence between texts and syntactic structures. For representing the syntactic structures of sentences, we used three methods: dependency trees, phrase structure trees, and part of speech tagging. A pretrained transformer is used to propose text-to-vector and syntax-to-vector projection approaches. The texts and syntactic structures are projected onto a common vector space, and the distances between the two vectors are minimized according to the correspondence property to learn the syntax representation. We conducted massive experiments to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methodology using Korean corpora, i.e., Weather, Navi, and Rest, and English corpora, i.e., the ATIS, SNIPS, Simulated Dialogue-Movie, Simulated Dialogue-Restaurant, and NLU-Evaluation datasets. Through the experiments, we concluded that our model is quite effective in capturing a syntactic representation and the learned syntax vector representations are useful

Regulator of G protein signaling 1 suppresses CXCL12-mediated migration and AKT activation in RPMI 8226 human plasmacytoma cells and plasmablasts.

Migration of plasma cells to the bone marrow is critical factor to humoral immunity and controlled by chemokines. Regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1) is a GTPase-activating protein that controls various crucial functions such as migration. Here, we show that RGS1 controls the chemotactic migration of RPMI 8226 human plasmacytoma cells and human plasmablasts. LPS strongly increased RGS1 expression and retarded the migration of RPMI 8226 cells by suppressing CXCL12-mediated AKT activation. RGS1 knockdown by siRNA abolished the retardation of migration and AKT suppression by LPS. RGS1-dependent regulation of migration via AKT is also observed in cultured plasmablasts. We propose novel functions of RGS1 that suppress AKT activation and the migration of RPMI 8226 cells and plasmablasts in CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis

Pogo accumulator optimization based on multiphysics of liquid rockets and neural networks

In this study, a numerical analysis of pogo instability in liquid propulsion rockets was conducted and an optimization of the pogo suppressor was attempted. Pogo analysis was carried out using numerical results obtained via the major models for fuselage structure, feedline, and propulsion systems. In the structural system, the fuselage vibration modes were obtained and the relevant meta-model was constructed using the modal superposition method. To obtain accurate results for the hydraulic transmission line modeling, cavitation effects were also taken into account. Thus, a numerical analysis was performed on a pump inducer to provide the quantitative information of the cavitation volume in the liquid-oxygen feedline. By employing the rocket combustion equations, it was confirmed that the dynamic response was fed back to the longitudinal characteristics of the fuselage structure. In addition, an accumulator was installed to suppress pogo instability. For design optimization, an artificial neural network was suggested by performing Latin hypercube sampling. The sampling verifies the convergence by the learning process. Finally, a multi-objective optimization for the pogo accumulator was achieved with the present meta-model.Y

LPS increases RGS1 expression in RPMI 8226 cells.

<p>A) Quantitative PCR analysis of RGS1 expression in TLR ligand-treated RPMI 8226 cells. Cultured cells were stimulated with PGN (peptidoglycan) (10 μg/mL; TLR2), poly (I:C) (1 μg/mL; TLR3), LPS (10 ng/mL; TLR4), flagellin (50 ng/mL; TLR5), R848 (3 μM; TLR7), and CpG-B (2 μM; TLR9). After stimulation, cells were harvested and quantitative PCR analysis was performed, as described in the Materials and Methods section. Data show the relative expression levels of RGS1 normalized to the relative S18 expression level of each mRNA (*<i>p</i> <0.05). B) RGS1 expression in LPS-treated RPMI 8226 cells. Cells were cultured in the presence or absence of LPS for 18 hours. To examine the specificity of the RGS1 antibody, the peptide competition assay was performed by addition of RGS1 peptide (1:1 molar ratio with antibody) in antibody binding reaction of ICC. Images shown are the representatives taken under 1000× objective magnification by a confocal microscope.</p

LPS reduces CXCL12-mediated migration via RGS1-AKT in plasmablasts.

<p>GC-B cells were cultured in combination with IL-2, IL-4, and IL-21 for 7 days and differentiated into plasmablasts. The cultured plasmablasts were stimulated with 10 ng/mL LPS for 18 hours. RGS1 expression and AKT phosphorylation were assessed in LPS-treated plasmablasts, in addition to assessment using the transwell migration assay. A) CXCR4, CD38, CD19, and Ki-67 expression levels in the cultured plasmablasts. B) Expressions of Bcl-6 and Blimp-1 were measured by real-time PCR at GC-B cells and cultured plasmablast. C) Amount of secreted immunoglobulin was measured at culture day4 and culture day 7. D) After 7 days of culture, purified GC-B cells differentiated to plasmablasts. The cytoplasm is abundant and the nucleus characteristically shows the eccentric position. The nucleus shows fine reticular or mildly blocked chromatin pattern. These plasmablasts show strong cytoplasmic staining for the kappa or the lambda light chain immunocytochemical staining. (H&E, Hematoxylin and eosin stain × 1,000; Kappa, anti-kappa light chain, × 1,000; Lamda, anti-lambda light chain, × 1,000). E) Plasmablasts demonstrate high migratory properties towards CXCL12. F) LPS treatment induces RGS1. G) LPS reduces CXCL12-mediated transwell migration. H) AKT-specific inhibitors reduce migration. I) LPS reduces CXCL12-mediated AKT phosphorylation. Representative western blot of four repetitive experiments is shown. Quantification of phospho-AKT expression was shown in Graph. Phospho-AKT expression was normalized to control levels and corrected for loading differences using GAPDH. J) Intracellular staining of phospho-AKT showed the reduction of the phospho-AKT by LPS treatment. Representative data of two repetitive experiments was shown. Average mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) was shown in graph (*<i>p</i> <0.05; **<i>p</i> <0.005***<i>p</i> <0.0005).</p

LPS reduces CXCL12-mediated migration by RGS1 in RPMI 8226 cells.

<p>RPMI 8226 cells (with or without LPS treatment) were assessed using the transwell migration assay. The upper chamber contained 1 × 10⁵ cells in 100 μL media, and the lower chamber contained 600 μL media. A) LPS reduced CXCL12-mediated transwell migration. Cells were cultured in the presence or absence of LPS for 18 hours before assessment using the migration assay. Cells were allowed to migrate for 5 hours in the absence or presence of 100 ng CXCL12 in the lower chamber of the transwell assay. After 5 hours of migration, 300 μL of the lower chamber media were removed, and cells were counted using FACS and PI. B) CXCR4 expression in LPS-treated RPMI 8226 cells. After 18 hours of incubation with LPS, 2 × 10⁵ cells were harvested, resuspended, and incubated with CXCR4-APC or mouse IgG-APC for 20 minutes on ice. The surface CXCR4 expression was then analyzed using FACS. C) In total, 2 × 10⁶ cells were transfected using a Neon electroporator with siRNA-targeting RGS1 (RGS1i) or nontargeting scrambled RNA (Scr). Three days after electroporation, cells were stimulated with LPS for 18 hours. The reduction in RGS1 RNA expression was assessed using quantitative PCR and RGS1 protein expression was accessed with western blot by anti-RGS1 antibody. D) Transwell migration of Scr-transfected cells and RGS1i-transfected cells, with or without LPS stimulation (*<i>p</i> < 0.05; ***<i>p</i> < 0.0005; N/S: nonsignificant).</p