Morphometric Analysis of Implantâ Related Anatomy in Caucasian Skulls

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141985/1/jper1061.pd

Comparison of Dermal Matrix and Polytetrafluoroethylene Membrane for Socket Bone Augmentation: A Clinical and Histologic Study

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141227/1/jper0776.pd

Risk Indicators for Tooth Loss Due to Periodontal Disease

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142117/1/jper1910.pd

Osteogenic parameters surrounding trabecular tantalum metal implants in osteotomies prepared via osseodensification drilling

Surgical fixation of implants into bone for the correction of bone deformities or defects is a traditional approach for skeletal stabilization. Important measures of efficacy of implants include implant stability and osseointegration?the direct interaction between living bone and an implant. Osseointegration depends on successful implant placement and subsequent bone remodeling. This study utilized osseodensification drilling (OD) in a low bone density model using trabecular metal (TM) implants. Three osteotomy sites, Regular, OD-CW (clockwise), and OD-CCW (counterclockwise), were prepared in each ilium of three female sheep. Drilling was performed at 1100rpm with saline irrigation. Trabecular metal (TM) (Zimmer®, Parsippany, NJ, USA) implants measuring 3.7mm in diameter x 10mm length were placed into respective osteotomies. A three-week period post-surgery was given to allow for healing to take place after which all three sheep were euthanized and the ilia were collected. Samples were prepared, qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using histology micrographs and image analysis software (ImageJ, NIH, Bethesda, MD). Bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO) were quantified to evaluate the osseointegration parameters. All implants exhibit successful bone formation in the peri-implant environment as well as within the open spaces of the trabecular network. Osseointegration within the TM (quantified by %BIC) as a function of drilling technique was more pronounced in OD samples(p>0.05). The %BAFO however shows a significant difference (p=0.036) between the CCW and R samples. Greater bone volume and frequency of bone chips are observed in OD samples. The utilization of OD as a design for improved fixation of hardware was supported by increased levels of stability, both primary and secondary. Histological data with OD provided notably different results from those of the regular drilling method

Effect of Adjunctive Systemic Azithromycin With Periodontal Surgery in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis in Smokers: A Pilot Study

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141533/1/jper1887.pd

Detecção molecular de Escherichia coli enteropatogênica em psitacídeos assintomáticos em cativeiro

Psittaciformes are one of the most endangered groups of birds, and several Brazilian species are classified between vulnerable and critically endangered. It is thus necessary to identify agents that cause infections in captive wild animals and to assess the risks posed thereof and to design interventions to minimize the possibility of disease outbreaks, leading to the conservation of endangered species. The purpose of this study was to identify enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) cloacal isolates from asymptomatic psittacines in captivity and evaluate the distribution of the EPEC pathotype. Cloacal swabs were obtained from 46 asymptomatic birds, and resulting isolates were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of the attaching and effacing gene (eae) and bundle-forming pilus structural gene (bfpA) of EPEC. Samples from several species were tested, and three samples were found to be positive for the eae and bfpA genes and characterized as typical EPEC. This is the first report of this pathotype in asymptomatic psittacines. Although certain E. coli strains are more pathogenic than others, various factors should be considered when determining the potential of E. coli isolates to cause disease in captive psittacines. Birds that are positive for the EPEC (typical) strain could be zoonotic sources of infection, and may have acquired these strains through contact with humans or domestic animals. These findings may also be valuable for the long-term management of endangered species ex situ as one EPEC sample was isolated from a Red-tailed Amazon (Amazona brasiliensis).Os psitacídeos são um dos grupos de aves mais ameaçadas no mundo e diversas espécies brasileiras são classificadas desde vulneráveis à criticamente ameaçadas de extinção. Torna-se, portanto, necessário identificar os agentes que causam infecções em animais selvagens em cativeiro e determinar os riscos relacionados de modo a intervir sobre os fatores envolvidos para diminuir a possibilidade de surtos de doenças e promover a conservação de espécies ameaçadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar Escherichia coli Enteropatogência (EPEC) de isolados cloacais de psitacídeos assintomáticos em cativeiro e avaliar a distribuição do patotipo EPEC. Suabes cloacais foram coletados de 46 psitacídeos assintomáticos e os isolados foram testados pela reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR) para a presença do gene attaching and effacing (eae) e bundle forming pilus (bfpA) de EPEC. Amostras oriundas de diversas espécies foram testadas e três amostras resultaram positivas para os genes eae e bfp e caracterizadas como EPEC típicas. Esse é o primeiro relato em psitacídeos assintomáticos para esse patotipo. Apesar de que algumas cepas de E.coli serem mais patogênicas do que outras, diversos fatores devem ser considerados para determinar o potencial de isolados de E.coli de causar doença em psitacídeos em cativeiro. Aves positivas para cepas de EPEC (típicas) poderiam ser fontes de infecção zoonóticas e adquirir essas cepas através do contato com humanos e animais domésticos. Esses achados também podem ser valiosos para o manejo a longo prazo de espécies ameaçadas ex situ já que uma amostra de EPEC foi isolada de um Papagaio-de-cara-roxa (Amazona brasiliensis).Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2010/51015-0]Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP